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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antispasmodic ortho-Substituted Phenoxyalkylamines (1966)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 9 (1966), S. 804-809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00324a002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin treatment of the insulin-dependent diabetic patient undergoing minor surgery (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a prospective randomised study in 20 insulin-dependent diabetics who had minor surgery under general anaesthesia we compared the metabolic responses to intravenous glucose-insulin-potassium infusion with those who had conventional subcutaneous insulin administration. The former treatment resulted in lower blood glucose levels both during the infusion period (p 〈 0.05) as well as the entire observation period (operative, first and second postoperative days; p 〈 0.01). More blood glucose values were within the intended range of 5 to 10 mmol/litre in the glucose-insulin-potassium as compared to the conventional group (48% versus 24%; p 〈 0.01). The levels of lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, glycerol, alanine, glucagon, insulin and growth hormone did not differ between the two groups. The infusion regimen resulted in better glycaemic control both peri-and postoperatively than the conventional subcutaneous insulin regimen in insulin-dependent diabetic patients who have minor surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1988.tb06681.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclopiazonic acid production by submerged cultures of Penicillium and Aspergillus strains (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 21 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 62 isolates of Penicillium and Aspergillus were screened for cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) production by surface and submerged culture on different media. The production of this mycotoxin was restricted to Penicillium camembertii group II (and its domesticated form P. camembertii), P. griseofulvum, and Aspergillus flavus (and its domesticated form A. oryzae). The best yield of CPA was obtained by a strain of P. griseofulvum, but several strains of P. camembertii group II were also good producers. Propionic acid (500 and 1000 mg/l medium) did not enhance the production of CPA. The best yields of CPA were obtained in submerged culture, but in some cases growth and CPA production only occured in surface culture. A simplified procedure for isolation of CPA is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1984.tb00220.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on insulin secretion in the perfused dog pancreas
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 27 (1990), S. 149-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Keywords: Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Dog pancreas ; Glucagon secretion ; Insulin secretion ; Somatostatin secretion
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(90)90213-G
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased myocardial contractility in short-term Type 1 diabetic patients: an echocardiographic study (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 822-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Echocardiography ; left ventricular function ; Type 1 diabetes ; metabolic control ; diabetic cardiopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cardiac function was investigated by echocardiography in 24 short-term Type 1 diabetic patients with a mean diabetes duration of 7 years (range 4–14 years) during conditions of ordinary metabolic control. Compared to 24 age and sex matched normal control subjects, measurements of myocardial contractility as left ventricular fractional shortening and mean circumferential shortening velocity were increased by 12% and 20% respectively. Another 8 Type 1 diabetic patients were examined during conditions of poor (hyperglycaemia and ketosis) and good metabolic control. Following improved glycaemic control, left ventricular fractional shortening and mean circumferential shortening velocity decreased by 16% and 24% respectively. Our findings show that short-term Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased myocardial contractility. Furthermore, this condition is related to the state of metabolic control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291071
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium, glucose and glucagon release (1977)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 13 (1977), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Isolated ; perfused pancreas ; glucagon release ; calcium ; glucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using the isolated, perfused canine pancreas the importance of calcium for the normal secretory function of the pancreatic alpha cell was investigated. It was found that 1. increases in perfusate Ca++ from 1.3 to 4.8 mM and from 1.3 to 8.2 mM during perfusion with glucose concentrations of 25 and 150 mg/100 ml stimulate the release of both glucagon and insulin in a dose-related and a glucose-dependent fashion. The hormone responses to increases in calcium were, with few exceptions, biphasic 2. a ‘Ca++ free’ medium inhibited release of both hormones, and increases in perfusate glucose from 25 to 150 mg/100 ml were unable to suppress glucagon or to stimulate insulin. Addition of calcium (8.2 mM) resulted in re-establishment of the normal regulatory role of glucose upon release of both hormones, now being in a hyperactivated state by the high Ca++ concentration; 3. sudden Ca++ depletion of the perfusate from 2 mM at a glucose concentration of 200 mg/100 ml inhibited immediately the release of both hormones to very low levels, which remained low until the addition of Ca++ (2 mM). Ca++ is therefore an essential requirement for the normal secretory process of pancreatic glucagon, possibly involving uptake and accumulation within the A cell, as established for the B cell. It is suggested that Ca++ exerts its effect on the microtubular microfilamentous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01223269
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon and insulin secretion from the isolated perfused canine pancreas (1978)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 14 (1978), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Isolated perfused canine pancreas ; VIP ; GIP ; caerulein ; gastrin ; secretin ; glucagon ; bombesin ; acetyl choline ; adrenaline ; release of insulin ; release of glucagon ; release of PP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) by gut hormones, acetyl choline and adrenaline was investigated in an isolated perfused pancreas preparation. PP was potently released by 1 nmol/l caerulein (186±12%, p〈0.001) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) (211±31%, p〈0.005) as well as by 1 [νmol/l acetyl choline (1097±59%, p〈0.001). A significant two-fold release of PP was also evoked by 1 nmol/l vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (129±38%, p〈0.02 and gastrin (108±25% p〈0.01). Insulin release, induced by high glucose concentration was enhanced by both GIP (210 ±38%, p〈(0.01) and VIP (48±5%, p〈0.001). In addition GIP enhanced the release of glucagon by 179±18% (p〈0.001) at 1.4 mmol/l glucose and by 127±24% (p〈0.005) at 8.3 mmol/l glucose. Thus no simple inter-relationship appears to exist between the control of the three circulating islet hormones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01228136
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelin-1 stimulates insulin secretion by direct action on the islets of Langerhans in mice (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1030-1035 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Endothelin-1 ; islet of Langerhans ; mouse ; ion fluxes ; glucose ; insulin secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide, is secreted in response to insulin. Elevated circulating ET-1 levels have been found in patients with diabetes mellitus and vascular dysfunction. The question arises whether ET-1 acts as a direct modulator of insulin secretion. To test this, we studied the effects of ET-1 on isolated mouse islets of Langerhans. ET-1 (1 nmol/l-1 Μmol/l) dose-dependently stimulated insulin secretion from islets incubated in the presence of 16.7 mmol/l glucose (p〈0.05). The effect of ET-1 is glucose-dependent since no potentiation was found at 3.3 mmol/l glucose. Furthermore, ET-1 induced a large, transient increase in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during islet perifusion in the presence (p〈0.001), but not in the absence, of extracellular Ca2+. The rate of 45Ca2+-efflux from 45Ca2+-prelabelled islets was transiently stimulated by ET-1 during perifusion at 16.7 mmol/l glucose in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ (p〈0.001). A short-lived increase in 45Ca2+-efflux was also observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ (p〈0.05). It is suggested that the effects of ET-1 on insulin secretion are critically dependent on influx via Ca2+-channels. In addition, ET-1 transiently enhanced 86Rb+-efflux from 86Rb+-prelabelled islets both in the presence (p〈0.001) and in the absence (p〈0.001) of extracellular Ca2+ suggesting that ET-1 does not elicit insulin secretion by inhibition of the potassium permeability. Our study provides evidence that ET-1 stimulates insulin secretion via a direct effect on the islets of Langerhans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400650
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Streptozotocin diabetes: A glucoreceptor dysfunction affecting D cells as well as B and A cells (1979)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 17 (1979), S. 385-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; streptozotocin ; somatostatin release ; glucagon release ; isolated canine perfused pancreas ; glucoreceptor ; glucose ; arginine ; isoproterenol ; calcium ; radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Somatostatin release from the isolated pancreas of 3 normal and 6 streptozotocin diabetic dogs has been measured in response to various stimuli to determine whether abnormalities in somatostatin release are present in the diabetic pancreas. Simultaneous measurement of glucagon secretion was also made. In the pancreas from normal dogs increases in perfusate glucose from 25 to 200 mg/100 ml induced a 2–3 fold increase in somatostatin release and a two thirds decrease in glucagon secretion. In contrast, in the diabetic pancreas glucose caused no change in the secretion of the two hormones. In the diabetic pancreas addition of insulin to the perfusate (25,000 μU/ml) for periods from 10 to 75 minutes aimed at restoring normal extracellular insulin levels in the islets failed to restore either somatostatin or glucagon secretion to normal. In contradistinction to the lack of effect of glucose, the somatostatin and glucagon responses to arginine (5 mmol/l), isoproterenol (2 ng/ml) and calcium (5 mmol/l) were normal in the diabetic pancreas. The data suggests the presence of a selective glucoreceptor abnormality of the D as well as of B and A cells in the streptozotocin diabetic dog.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01236274
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential glycaemic effects of potato, rice and spaghetti in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients at constant insulinaemia (1986)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 358-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 diabetes ; blood glucose ; artificial pancreas ; diet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The blood glucose responses to cooked potato, rice and spaghetti were studied in six Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients who had attained euglycaemia by the artificial pancreas prior to the meal intake. The amount of potato (raw weight 200 g), parboiled rice (raw weight 50 g), and spaghetti (raw weight 50 g) had approximately identical caloric content (range 203–225 kcal) and amount of available carbohydrate (range 39.4–43.4g). The postprandial blood glucose response areas after cooked potato and cooked parboiled rice were similar (180 min values: cooked potato: 1190 ±110 mmol/l x min, cooked rice: 1160 ± 140 mmol/l x min and 240min values: cooked potato: 1690 ± 140 mmol/l x min, cooked rice: 1740 ± 210 mmol/l x min). In contrast, the response after cooked spaghetti was slower and less pronounced (180 min value: 830 ± 80 mmol/1 x min and 240 min value: 1320 ± 120 mmol/1 x min), and was significantly smaller than those of cooked potato (180 min: 2p 〈 0.01 and 240 min: 2p 〈 0.01) as well as cooked rice (180 min: 2p 〈 0.01 and 240 min: 2p 〈 0.02). Our study emphasizes the importance of determining the glycaemic response of foodstuffs under conditions of isoinsulinaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00903344
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