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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Immunologically measurable insulin (IMI), serum insulin levels ; normal, obese, obese diabetic subjects ; glucose, tolbutamide, glucagon intravenously
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons mesuré les taux d'insuline sérique immunoréactive chez des personnes métaboliquement normales, chez des obèses non diabétiques, et chez des obèses diabétiques, après l'administration intraveineuse de glucose (0.33 g/kg), de tolbutamide (1 g) et de glucagon (1 mg). Les taux d'insuline immunoréactive augmentent dès les premières minutes qui suivent l'injection de glucose, de tolbutamide, ou de glucagon chez les sujets normaux. Ils rejoignent les valeurs normales à partir de la 15ème minute. Les taux d'insuline immunoréactive chez les obèses non diabétiques réagissent avec la même rapidité que chez les sujets normaux à ces mêmes stimulations. L'augmentation se produit durant les premières minutes, mais les taux absolus atteints sont significativement plus élevés. Chez les personnes à la fois obèses et diabétiques, par contre, les taux d'insuline immunoréactive se sont avérés considérablement plus bas que chez les personnes normales après stimulation avec glucose ou tolbutamide, mais parfaitement normaux après stimulation par le glucagon. —Nous n'avons pas pu démontrer l'existence d'une corrélation entre le coefficient d'assimilation glucidique K et les taux d'insuline immunoréactive sérique après l'administration de glucose chez les personnes obèses. Il semblerait donc bien que l'hyperinsulinisme caractérise davantage l'obésité que le diabète.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Bei Stoffwechselgesunden, Übergewichtigen und übergewichtigen Altersdiabetikern wurde das immunologisch meßbare Insulin (IMI) nach intravenöser Glucose (0.33 g/kg), Tolbutamid (1 g) und Glucagonbelastung (1 mg) bestimmt. —Bei Stoffwechsel-gesunden steigen die IMI-Werte schon in den ersten Minuten nach der Glucose-, Tolbutamid-bzw. Glucagonbelastung an. Von der 15. Minute ab liegen die IMI-Werte wieder im Bereich der Norm. Die Übergewichtigen reagieren auf die Glucose-, Tolbutamid-und Glucagon-Stimulation so prompt wie die Normalgewichtigen; der Anstieg erfolgt in den ersten Minuten, die Werte liegen jedoch signifikant höher. Bei Übergewichtigen mit manifestem Diabetes liegen die IMI-Werte nach Glucose-und Tolbutamidbelastung wesentlich niedriger, nach Glucagon jedoch im Bereich der Stoffwechselgesunden mit normalem Körpergewicht. —Zwischen dem Koeffizienten K der Glucoseassimilation und dem Seruminsulin nach der Glucosebelastung konnte bei Übergewichtigen keine Korrelation gefunden werden. Damit ist der Hyper-insulinismus mehr als Charakteristikum der Fettsucht als des Diabetes mellitus anzusehen.
    Notes: Summary Serum insulin levels (immunologically measurable insulin, IMI) in normal, obese and obese, diabetic subjects were determined following injection of glucose (0.33 g/kg), tolbutamide (1 g) and glucagon (1 mg). —In normal non-obese subjects an immediate (after one minute) increase of serum insulin levels was observed following the injection of glucose, tolbutamide or glucagon. 15 minutes after injection, the IMI-values were within the normal range. Obese subjects also react with an immediate increase of serum insulin levels following injection of glucose, tolbutamide or glucagon; however, the IMI-values were significantly higher than in normal subjects. Furthermore, in obese patients with slight diabetes, the IMI-levels after glucose or tolbutamide were definitely lower than those observed in normal non-obese subjects, although the levels following glucagon were of the same magnitude.-Apparently the increase of endogenous insulin in obese non-diabetic-patients after administration of glucose does not influence the glucose assimilation coefficient, K. Hyperinsulinism appears to be associated with obesity rather than with diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; antidiabetic biguanides ; amino acids ; L-arginine ; blood glucose ; plasma insulin ; intraduodenal amino acid administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-one patients with mild maturity-onset diabetes were given introduodenal infusions of an amino acid mixture (0.5 g amino acids per kg body weight). In 9 other patients L-arginine was infused intravenously in a constant dose of 25 g. Alpha-amino nitrogen, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were assayed under control conditions and after three days of treatment with phenformin, 150 mg daily, plus the same 150 mg dose 60 min before the second loading. Intraduodenal infusion of the amino acid mixture provoked a greater increase in plasma insulin than intravenous infusion of L-arginine, this increase being significantly inhibited by phenformin only in the first case. Since no evident influence of phenformin on the intestinal absorption of amino acids could be demonstrated, this effect may be explained by a local action on the intestinal wall exposed to high concentrations of the drug, resulting in the inhibition of the insulin secretion stimulating activity of the gut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin antibodies ; insulin therapy ; mono-component insulin ; immunoelectrophoresis ; diabetes ; virus hepatitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Levels of insulin binding immunoglobulin G (IgG) were determined by the method of Christiansen in diabetic patients divided into the following groups: 1. recently diagnosed diabetics, treated from the beginning with monocomponent (MC) pork insulin (12 patients); 2. diabetics treated from the beginning with several times recrystallized monospecies (MS) pork insulin (6 patients), and 3. diabetics previously treated for long periods with commercial insulin and changed to MC pork insulin (11 patients). The patients were observed for periods of from several months to two years. In patients treated with MC insulin, levels of insulin antibodies in the serum were not significantly increased, except in 3 patients who had viral hepatitis before or during insulin therapy and in an other patient immediately after an attack of influenza. In a majority of the patients treated with MS insulin, an increase in levels of insulin antibodies in the serum was observed. Patients previously treated with commercial insulin had very high titers of insulin antibodies in their serum, which decreased after changing over to MC insulin. In this group, some patients, in spite of continuation of treatment with MC insulin, developed increasing levels of insulin-binding antibodies in the serum during a later period of observation. The results indicate that during treatment of diabetes with insulin, contaminating pancreatic proteins due to shortcomings in production technology are responsible for immunogenicity of the insulin preparations. However, immunogenic properties of pure insulin may become manifest under clinical conditions in patients whose immune system has been sensitized by different factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 245 (1963), S. 440-450 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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