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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphologic Investigations on the Leucocyte Migration Test (LMT) (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 1 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Leucocyte migration cultures for detection of cellular hypersensitivity in man were prepared for light and electron microscopy 2 and 4 hours after the onset of migration. Antigen-containing as well as control cultures were studied. The cell types found were polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN), eosinophilic granulocytes (EO) and lymphocytes (LYM). In the central part of the cultures differential countings showed values comparable to those of peripheral blood. The peripheral monolayer of the migration area contained a large proportion of EO and comparatively few LYM. The cell number of the monolayer increased between the second and fourth hours of migration. Ultrastructurally the PMN presented a more or less disintegrated cytoplasm, but their ability to phagocytize and hydrolyse the corpuscular antigen (brucella bacteria) seemed undisturbed. The EO and LYM appeared less active, although their cytoplasm also contained signs of phagocytic activity. The LYM contained sparse elements of granular endoplasmic reticulum. Apart from the bacterial phagocytosis in the PMN no morphological differences were noted between the cells in the control and antigen-containing cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1972.tb01812.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of Natural Killer Cell Activity in Peripheral Blood by Physical Exercise (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 27 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study was designed to examine the effect of physical exercise on human natural killer (NK) cells. Six healthy volunteers underwent two different acute physical exercise tests with an interval of at least 1 week: (1) 60min bicycle exercise at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and (2) 60 min back-muscle training at up to 29% of VO2max; blood samples were collected before and during the last few minutes of exercise, as well as 2 h and 24 h afterwards. The NK cell activity (lysis/fixed number of mononuclear cells) increased during bicycle exercise, dropped to a minimum 2 h later and returned to pre-exercise levels within 24 h. Back-muscle exercise did not significantly influence NK cell activity. Plasma levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol were elevated during bicycling, but not during back-muscle exercise, indicating that exercise intensity is a determinant of NK cell activity. During bicycle exercise the NK cell subset (CD 16+ cells) of mononuclear cells increased significantly. Furthermore an improved interleukin 2 (IL-2) boosting of the NK cell activity was found during work as compared to IFN-α and indomethacin-enhanced NK cell activity. These results indicate that NK cells with a high IL-2 response capacity are recruited to the peripheral blood during exercise. The decreased NK cell activity demonstrated 2 h after work was probably not due to fluctuations in size of the NK cell pool, since the proportion of CD16+ cells was normal. The finding that indomethacin fully restored the suppressed NK cell activity in vitro and the demonstration of a twofold increase in monocyte (CD20+ cells) proportions 2 h after work, strongly indicate that prostaglandins released by monocytes during the heavy physical exercise are responsible for the down-regulation of the NK cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02400.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erythrocyte CR1 Determination Using Monoclonal Antibody in a Microtiter Plate ELISA; Receptors Are Not Masked by Immune Complexes (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The microtiter plate ELISA using monoclonal antibody is a specific, sensitive and quantitative technique for measuring CR1 on human erythrocytes. The present investigations established that receptor occupancy by immune complexes did not affect the measurements. The monoclonal anti-CR1 antibody To5 bound unimpeded to receptors that had reacted with an excess of complement-opsonized tetanus toxoid anti-tetanus toxoid complexes prepared at antigen: antibody ratios between 32:1 and 1:8. The CR1 levels on erythrocytes from 11 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were not increased (P 〉 0.30) after release of CR1-bound immune complexes by incubation with factor I. Neither did the serum from these patients contain blocking anti-CR1 activity (P 〉 0.10). Additionally, the number of antigenic CR1 sites in 10 normals and in the 11 patients with SLE was well correlated with the number of functional receptor sites as assessed by binding of soluble complexes (P 〈 0.001). These data establish that the true CR1 levels are determined using the microtiter plate ELISA for quantitation of CR1 in patients with diseases involving immune complexes and/or autoantibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00332.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokines Cause Functional and Structural Damage to Isolated Islets of Langerhans (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 40 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cytokines are soluble, antigen non-specific, non-immunoglobulin mediators produced and secreted by blood mononuclear cells interacting in the cellular immune-response. To test the possibility that cytokines participate in the autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, isolated human or rat islets of Langerhans were incubated for 7 days with cytokine-rich, cell-free supernatants of blood mononuclear cells from healthy human donors stimulated with or without purified protein derivative of tuberculin or phytohaemagglutinin. Glucose stimulated insulin-release, and contents of insulin and glucagon in islets incubated with cytokine-rich supernatants were markedly reduced. This impairment of islet function was due to a cytotoxic effect of cytokine-rich supernatants as judged by disintegration of normal light-microscopic morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb02681.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical Aspects (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 36 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01817.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of Immune Complexes Bound to CR1 on Erythrocytes; Suramin Inhibits Factor I in the Presence of EDTA (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An experimental model was established in order to study the release of immune complexes (IC) bound by complement C3b receptors (CR1) on human erythrocytes (RBC). Soluble tetanus toxoid anti-tetanus toxoid complexes were incubated with RBC in the presence of autologous serum at optimal conditions for binding. The RBC carrying complement-opsonized complexes were incubated with appropriate serum reagents, and ii was shown that factor I was required for release of the complexes, which occurred without loss of CR1. Suramin was, irrespective of factor I, found to induce release of CR1-bound IC in the absence of EDTA, whereas factor I-mediated release was inhibited by soramin in the presence of EDTA. EDTA probably interfered through a charge-dependent interaction. These observations are decisive for the interpretation of in vitro experiments involving these reagents. The combination of EDTA and suramin was found inappropriate for use in quantitative determination of in vivo CR1-bound IC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00333.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell-Mediated Immunity to a Serologically Defined (SD) HL-A Antigen Panel in Kidney-Transplanted Patients (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 4 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The graft-directed, cell-mediated immunity in kidney-allografted patients was examined with a serologically defined (SD), donor-unrelated panel of antigenic material in clinical steady state, soon after transplantation, and during acute rejection episodes. The SD antigens were selected from the panel on the basis of predictions hypothesized from the SD match of donor and recipient. The cell-mediated immunity was measured by the direct leukocyte migration agarose test (LMAT). Positive reactions in kidney-transplanted patients were induced particularly by one preparation (antigen 52) and were unpredictable on the basis of SD classification. The investigation shows that other antigenic determinants, different from SD antigens, probably play an important role as inducers of cell-mediated, graft-associated immunity in kidney-transplanted patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1975.tb02657.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human Leucocyte Migration Inhibition (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 5 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Within the last decade a variety of techniques have been developed and used for the detection of cell-mediated immunity in man by means of leucocyte migration inhibition in vitro. A detailed description of the leucocyte migration capillary tube technique (LMCT) and the leucocyte migration agarose technique (LMAT) is given. The procedure for selecting and using the proper antigen concentration is described. A description is also given of the indirect LMAT and the technique for determination of concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte release of leucocyte migration inhibition factor. Applications of these techniques are mainly intended for the exploration of the immunobiology of lymphocytes and cellular interactions associated with the immune response and the investigation of clinical conditions in man, i.e. infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, transplantation states, tumour diseases, contact hypersensitivity and immunological deficiency states. Selection and adaptation to suit the experimental aim is necessary to obtain optimal results with these techniques. Their usefulness may be increased through more extensive use of purified antigens and indirect assays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1976.tb03867.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES IN SARCOIDOSIS: A COMPARISON OF DISEASE ACTIVITY AND VARIOUS IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 278 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47015.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES IN SARCOIDOSIS: A COMPARISON OF IN VIVO AND IN VITRO KVEIM TESTS (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 278 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47085.x
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