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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Steaks from mechanically pressed tenderloins and steaks from paired, unpressed control tenderloins from Good and Choice grade steers were studied. Pressing did not adversely affect overall quality of the tenderloin steaks; however, fibers of the pressed steaks were kinked and compacted when compared to control steaks. No differences in fiber breakage or in sarcomere length were noted. Fat, moisture, lean color, marbling texture, marbling amount, lean texture, lean firmness and moisture on the steak surface were similar in pressed and unpressed steaks, Panel scores for tenderness, juiciness and flavor and Warner-Bratzler shear values were also similar for pressed and unpressed steaks. Pressed steaks had greater cooking loss, but they were more uniform in size and shape than control steaks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Subprimals were randomly allocated into groups using a 2 meat type by 4 mixing time randomized complete block design. The Standard beef rounds and Choice, Yield Grade 3 chucks were obtained within 48 hr of slaughter and fabricated into sectioned and formed beef steaks. Binding strength of individual pieces was measured by sensory panel scores and Instron adhesion values. Myofibrillar proteins present in the exudate were separated using slab gel electrophoresis. Instron adhesion and sensory bind were positively correlated (0.56). There was a significant (P 〈 0.01) linear increase in binding up to 12 min of mixing. Exudate protein at the bond area increased substantially (P 〈 0.01) during mixing treatments. Sarcoplasmic proteins remained constant over all treatments. The percent of myofibrillar protein in the exudate decreased as mixing increased. Binding strengths were similar for both muscle types. The relative -amounts of the major myofibrillar proteins, including a fraction in the 30,000 dalton region, did not change over mixing times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Meat pieces (2–3 cm cubes) from A maturity, Standard grade beef rounds were processed into sectioned and formed steaks. Processing treatments were blade tenderization and no blade tenderization, vacuum and no vacuum mixing, 0.5% salt and no salt addition, and 0, 8, 16, and 24 mm mixing times. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) was used to indicate rancidity, Instron adhesion to evaluate bind between meat pieces, Instron-Kramer shear to evaluate steak tenderness, and a trained sensory panel to evaluate initial and overall tenderness, connective tissue residue, juiciness and flavor. The TBA values were higher in steaks with 0.5% salt after 90 days of storage while no differences were shown between mixing times. Cooking losses were lower after 24 min mixing. Mixing for 16 min increased binding and improved tenderness. Juiciness and flavor were not influenced by mixing time. Meat pieces mixed for 16 min with 0.5% salt produced the best sectioned and formed steaks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Broilers were fed diets containing oils of varying degrees of unsaturation, namely coconut oil, olive oil, linseed oil and partially hydrogenated soybean oil (HSBO), with and without α-tocopherol supplementation. The different oils significantly (P〈0.01) affected the fatty acid composition of the neutral lipids and, to a lesser extent, the fatty acid composition of the phopholipids. Fatty acid composition, in turn, influenced the oxidative stability of the meat during refrigerated and frozen storage. Meat from broilers fed olive oil or coconut oil was consistently more stable than meat from the linseed oil group. Dietary supplementation with α-tocopherol significantly (P〈0.01) improved the oxidative stability of the dark and white broiler meat during refrigerated and frozen storage compared to meat from the broilers fed HSBO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 54 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Lipid stability of smoked Great Lakes whitefish was affected by salt level, presence of nitrite, and the type (wood vs liquid) and level of smoking used during processing. The addition of salt significantly (p〈0.01) increased the levels of oxidation. However, of the salt containing samples, the 4% salt (water-phase) were the least oxidized. Wood smoke exhibited significantly (p〈0.01) greater antioxidant activity than any of the levels of liquid smoke tested. The addition of nitrite to smoked whitefish significantly (p〈0.01) reduced the level of oxidation, and did not result in the formation of N-nitroso compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Sectioned and formed beef steaks were manufactured from Standard beef rounds, Choice beef plates and Choice, Yield Grade 3, Meat Buyers Guide (126) 3-piece chucks. Replicates were established by slaughter day. A trained sensory panel evaluated juiciness, flavor, tenderness, and connective tissue residue. Color scores were assigned to steaks from each treatment. Instron Kramer shear was used to evaluate tenderness and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) was used to measure rancidity. Reflectance spectrophotometry indicated oxymyoglobin and metmyoglobin content. Mixing improved tenderness (P 〈 0.01) by 20% after 18 min. An 8% improvement occurred after 6 min. Mixing increased sensory juiciness (P 〈 0.01) and flavor (P 〈 0.05). Subjective and objective measures indicated that steaks processed from chuck were less tender (P 〈 0.01). Cooking yields improved linearly (P 〈 0.01) due to mixing. The TBA values were low and did not change due to treatment or after 90 days storage at –30°C. Subjective and objective color analyses indicated highly desirable color for fresh beef. Steaks processed from chuck meat were higher in percent metmyoglobin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Choice, Yield Grade 3 chucks were purchased vacuum packaged within 48 hr of slaughter. They were randomly allocated to treatments of vacuum or no vacuum mixing and 6 or 12 min mixing periods. The meat was formulated into sectioned and formed steaks. A trained sensory panel evaluated all samples and color scores were assigned to each steak. Instron adhesion measured binding of meat pieces, Kramer shear indicated tenderness, mg exudate/cm2 measured binding proteins. Reflectance spectrophotometry measured oxymyoglobin and metmyoglobin. Electrophoresis was used to separate and quantitate individual myofibrillar proteins. Sensory analyses indicated vacuum processed steaks had superior bind (P 〈 0.01) while juiciness, flavor and tenderness remained unchanged. Instron analyses indicated no difference in tenderness or bind strength due to vacuum. Subjective color analyses indicated less desirable color for vacuum mixing (P 〈 0.05) and the amount of oxymyoglobin and metmyoglobin were not changed due to treatment. There was less exudate at the bond site for vacuum mixing (P 〈 0.01). Sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins were similar over vacuum treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 49 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The role of woodsmoke in N-nitrosothizaolidine (NTHZ) formation in bacon was investigated in model systems in which woodsmoke condensate was reacted with combinations of nitrite and cysteamine, cysteine, or cystine. NTHZ formation was most pronounced in those systems containing nitrite and cysteamine. When the smoke condenstate was treated initially with sodium bisulfite before reaction with nitrite and cysteamine, only trace amounts of the N-nitrosamine were obtained. Pork bellies at various stages of processing and cooking were also analyzed for NTHZ. Higher levels of NTHZ were found in raw nork belly which had been cured and smoked than in the fried counterpart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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