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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims : Eosinophilic heart syndromes are rare in Western countries and include endocarditis parietalis fibroplastica (EPF) and hypersensitivity myocarditis (HM). There are striking differences in natural history and morphological findings. Since diagnosis can be difficult when analysing small myocardial biopsies lacking the characteristic histological features, we studied a set of immunohistochemical markers in order to characterize the activation status of the infiltrating eosinophils to distinguish between these two entities.Methods and results : This study is based on the investigation of seven explanted hearts and one left ventricular specimen collected during implantation of a left ventricular assist device from a total of seven patients with HM. Also investigated were three right and three left ventricular specimens from five patients with EPF. We used antibodies (Ab) against EG1, and EG2, CD44, and CD69 which have been described as markers to distinguish between resting and activated eosinophils. The EG1 to EG2 ratio of eosinophils and the immunoreactivity against CD44 showed no differences between the two entities. However, eosinophils in the EPF were completely negative for CD69, whereas eosinophils reacted positively within the HM group.Conclusion : The immunohistochemical investigation of eosinophilic heart diseases using antibodies against CD69 can be a useful tool to distinguish between hypersensitivity myocarditis and endocarditis parietalis fibroplastica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus ; Liver ; Hepatitis C ; Haemophilia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection on preexisting long-term chronic C hepatitis (HCV) 68 liver biopsies from 22 HIV/HCV-coinfected, 13 HIV and 33 HCV-monoinfected patients and 71 livers obtained at autopsy from 26 HIV/HCV-coinfected and 45 HIV-monoinfected patients were studied by histo- and immunohistochemistry. All HIV patients had reached the advanced stage of immunodeficiency (stage III CDC), except for 3 haemophiliacs (stage II CDC). HCV infection was associated with a higher degree of portal, periportal and lobular inflammation — regardless of whether there was concurrent HIV infection. HIV/HCV coinfection was associated with a significantly higher rate of granulocytic cholangiolitis than HCV and HIV monoinfection (P 〈 0.05), a histological feature uncommon in C hepatitis. In HIV/HCV coinfection cholestasis was a predominant histological feature. HCV monoinfection and HCV/HIV coinfection were associated with the highest fibrosis index. In HIV/HCV coinfection centrilobular fibrosis was significantly more marked than in HCV monoinfection (P 〈 0.05), suggesting an HIV associated fibrogenic effect. Patients with chronic C hepatitis showed a significantly increased rate of posthepatitic cirrhosis compared with the patients without HCV infection (P 〈 0.05). At autopsy, 10 of the 20 HIV/HCV-coinfected haemophiliacs had developed cirrhosis because of chronic C hepatitis, whereas cirrhosis was found in only 2 of 6 HIV/HCV-coinfected non-haemophiliacs (1 case of chronic B and C hepatitis, and 1 case of chronic alcohol abuse). No cirrhosis was observed in the 45 autopsy patients with HIV monoinfection. The findings suggest that HIV coinfection aggravates the course of preceding long-term chronic C hepatitis by a more marked (centrilobular) fibrosis. HIV/HCV-coinfected patients are threatened by a higher rate of posthepatitic cirrhosis —particularly in multitransfused haemophiliacs — and cholestatic hepatopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: AIDS ; Cytomegalovirus retinitis ; Cytomegalovirus encephalitis ; Ganciclovir ; Pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We describe a case of an HIV-infected intravenous drug-abuser who died of progressive cytomegalovirus encephalitis despite successful treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with ganciclovir. On autopsy, complete remission of retinitis and widespread cytomegalovirus-encephalitis could be demonstrated. Therapeutic failure therefore seems attributable to insufficient CNS-distribution of ganciclovir rather than to ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Inflammatory infiltrate ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using monoclonal antibody 25 F 9, which reacts with a determinant of mature macrophages, the inflammatory infiltrate of 66 gastric carcinomas was evaluated using a counting grid. The ratio tumor cells/macrophages was determined for every tumor. For a threshold value of 5, carcinomas with a better prognosis, such as the intestinal type according to Lauré, the expanding type according to Ming and the differentiated carcinomas according to the WHO had a significantly smaller relative content of 25 F 9-positive macrophages (a minimum of P〈0.05) than the diffuse type, infiltrative type, and undifferentiated carcinomas. Furthermore, the relative macrophage content tended to increase with the stage of carcinoma spread (P〈0.1). The results suggested that 25 F 9-positive macrophages in gastric carcinoma are of greater significance in tumor spread than in any defensive reaction against the tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Endokarditis fibroplastica Löffler – thrombotisches Stadium – Echokardiographie – Kortikosteroide ; Key words Löffler's eosinophilic endocarditis – thrombotic stage – echocardiography – corticosteroides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We report on a male, 31 year old, Turkish patient with an intracardiac mass in the right ventricle, reduction of performance and weight, as well as intermittent fever. No eosinophilia was documented in the peripheral blood; cardiac function was primarily normal. Besides the differential diagnosis of Löffler's endocarditis (endomyocardial fibrosis) an inflammatory disease and a malignant cardiac tumor were suggested. The diagnosis of Löffler's endocarditis could not be confirmed morphologically by echocardiography nor histologically by right ventricular biopsy. Operative removal of the mass lesion was neccessary because of fast tumor progression, fulminant pulmonary embolism, and infiltration of the tricuspid valve. Only then, histologically Löffler's eosinophilic endocarditis of thrombotic stage was diagnosed. Antiphlogistic therapy with cortisone was initially performed. With a dose reduction after 6 months, a relapse of the thrombotic mass occured. Therefore, continuous treatment with cortisone and azathioprine was induced followed by further tumor regression and further clinical stabilization since 8 months of treatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über einen 31jährigen türkischen Patienten mit einer rechtskardialen Raumforderung, Leistungsminderung, Gewichtsabnahme und intermittierenden Fieberschüben. Im peripheren Blut bestand keine Eosinophilie, die kardiale Funktion war primär unauffällig. Neben einer Endokarditis fibroplastica Löffler bestand differentialdiagnostisch der Verdacht auf ein entzündliches Geschehen sowie einen malignen Herztumor. Bei echokardiographisch untypischer Morphologie der rechtsventrikulären Raumforderung konnte durch Myokardbiopsie die Diagnose nicht gesichert werden. Bei raschem Wachstum der Raumforderung, fulminanter Embolie und Infiltration in die Trikuspidalklappe konnte erst durch die operative Tumorexstirpation die histologisch-pathologische Diagnose einer Endokarditis fibroplastica Löffler im thrombotischen Stadium gestellt werden. Die Behandlung bestand in einer antiphlogistischen Therapie mit Kortikosteroiden. Im Auslaßversuch kam es nach 6 Monaten zu einem Tumorrezidiv. Eine Steroid-Dauermedikation in Kombination mit Azathioprin führte anschließend zu einer erneuten Tumorregression und Stabilisierung seit 8 Monaten nach Beginn der Medikation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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