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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre- and Postnatal Ontogeny and Characterization of Dopaminergic D2, Serotonergic S2, and Spirodecanone Binding Sites in Rat Forebrain (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 40 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The ontogeny of binding sites for [3H] spiperone was studied in time-pregnant rats. Binding of [3H]spiperone to fresh homogenates of pre- and postnatal rat forebrain was characterized by Scatchard analysis and competition experiments with a number of dopaminergic and serotonergic agonists and antagonists and additional substances. A convenient discrimination of three high-affinity sites, i.e., the dopaminergic D2, serotonergic S2, and spirodecanone (Sd) sites, was obtained with l-(–)sulpiride and cis-flupenthixol. The analgesic R5573 was found not to be specific for the Sd site but to interact with all three sites. The three binding sites became detectable in sequential order. S2 and D2 binding sites were first found at embryonic days 15.75 and 17.75, respectively. The Sd site did not appear before postnatal day 8. All three binding sites reached adult values at approximately postnatal day 30. During the prenatal period, the increase in the number of D2 binding sites paralleled the rise in forebrain dopamine concentrations. The kinetics of D2 and S2 sites were the same at embryonic day 19.75 and postnatal day 30. These observations provide evidence for the presence of the receptor substrate for actions of neuroleptics on dopaminergic and serotonergic systems during fetal life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb13561.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Adrenergic Binding Sites in Fetal Rat Brain (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 43 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The ontogeny of β-adrenergic binding sites was studied in forebrain homogenates from male and female rats. Specific [3H]dihydroalprenolol binding was defined by the difference between binding in the presence and in the absence of 330 nM (+)oxprenolol. Significant binding was detected at prenatal stages. The dissociation constants (KD of [3H]dihydroalprenolol binding were similar at gestational day (GD) 193/4 and postnatal day (PN) 31. Binding was first detected in forebrain at GD 153/4. The amount of binding sites increased until PN 31, when adult values were reached. No sex differences could be detected at any of the stages tested (GD 193/4-PN 31).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb00937.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The search for novel antipsychotics: Agents with a targeted activity in particular brain regions such as hippocampus-the example of savoxepine
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Schizophrenia Research 4 (1991), S. 313-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0920-9964
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0920-9964(91)90203-4
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurotoxic effects of chloroquine in vitro (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 65 (1991), S. 480-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Chloroquine ; Retinopathy ; Retinal pigment epithelium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to investigate chloroquine retinopathy, the effect of chloroquine on the viability and differentiation of primary cell cultures of embryonic chick neuronal retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), brain and meninges were investigated. The sensitivity of the cells, measured as reduction of viability, showed the following order: RPE 〉 brain 〉 meninges 〉 neuronal retina. The human serum chloroquine concentration range which leads to ocular damage in vivo was identical to the concentration range in the culture medium which affected RPE viability. In addition, the differentiation of nerve cells in brain cell cultures was affected at much lower chloroquine concentrations than astroglia cells or nerve cells in neuronal retina cell cultures. Some possible mechanisms for chloroquine retinopathy were assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01977360
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurotoxic effects of aluminium on embryonic chick brain cultures (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 359-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Aluminium ; In vitro ; Neurotoxicity ; Brain ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Toxic damage of brain cells by aluminium (Al) is discussed as a possible factor in the development of neurodegenerative disorders in humans. To investigate neurotoxic effects of Al, serum-free cultures of mechanically dissociated embryonic chick (stage 28 – 29) forebrain, brain stem and optic tectum, and for comparison meningeal cells, were treated with Al (0 – 1000 μM) for 7 days. Effects of Al on cell viability (lysosomal and mitochondrial activity) and differentiation (synthesis of cell-specific proteins) were found to the brain area specific with the highest sensitivity observed in optic tectum. No inhibiting effects on cell viability could be observed in cultures of forebrain and meninges in the concentration range tested. In all three brain tissue cultures, threshold levels for the reduction of cell differentiation parameters were found at lower concentrations [concentration resulting in a 50   % decrease (IC50) 〉 180 μM] than for the inhibition of cell viability (IC50 〉 280 μM), indicating a specific toxic potential of Al for cytoskeletal alterations. The culture levels of nerve cell-specific markers microtubule-associated protein type 2 (the most sensitive parameter) and the 68-kDa neurofilament were inhibited at lower concentrations (IC50 180 – 630 μM) than the astrocyte-specific glial fibrillary acidic protein (IC50 700 – ∼1000 μM), demonstrating a particularly high sensitivity of neurons in comparison to astrocytes. Based on these differences in Al sensitivity observed for different cell markers in the various brain tissue cultures, the in vitro system used in the present study proved to be a suitable model to assess brain area and cell type-specific neurotoxic effects of Al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310380
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cisplatin and ORG.2766 in chick embryonic brain cell cultures (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 67 (1993), S. 325-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Cisplatin ; ORG.2766 ; ACTH4–9 analog ; Brain ; In vitro
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neurotoxicity of cisplatin and ORG.2766, both separately and in combination, was investigated using serum-free chick embryonic brain cell cultures. At low cisplatin concentrations glial cells were affected more than nerve cells. The onset of cisplatin toxicity was delayed, the major effects only being seen after the treatment was finished and when no free cisplatin was present in the culture medium. The data further indicate that the area under the graph of free cisplatin concentration in the culture medium against time (AUC) is a measure of cisplatin toxicity. The AUC of free cisplatin in the culture medium which causes a 50% reduction in the expression of glial fibrillary associated protein (GFAP) was similar to blood AUC values in humans known to induce neurotoxic effects in around 80% of patients. ORG.2766 at very high concentrations increased lysosomal activity, as measured by neutral red uptake, and the expression of GFAP. ORG.2766 did not influence the toxicity of cisplatin in culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973703
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biomaterialien – humane Toleranz und Integration (1999)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 70 (1999), S. 847-857 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Biomaterials ; Biocompatibility ; Process engineering ; Reciprocal technology transfer. ; Schlüsselwörter: Biomaterialien ; Biokompatibilität ; Prozesstechnologien ; wechselseitiger Technologietransfer.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Biokompatible Werkstoffe und zugehörige Prozesstechnologien, mit denen eine optimale Strukur- und Oberflächenkompatibilität von Implantaten erreicht werden soll, werden vorgestellt. „Vital-avital composites“ für das „tissue engineering“, Zellkulturmodelle, poröse Keramiken und abbaubare Polymere werden beispielhaft dargestellt. Ein Hauptaspekt liegt auf der Konvertierung von Resultaten der Grundlagenforschung in klinische Anwendungen und auf dem Austausch von Technologien aus dem nichtmedizinischen in den medizinischen Bereich und umgekehrt.
    Notes: Summary. Biomaterials and related process engineering in order to obtain optimal surface and structural biocompatibility of implants and devices are presented. Vital-avital composites for tissue engineering, cell culture models, porous ceramics and degradable polymers are introduced as examples. Emphasis is laid on the conversion of basic research results into clinical applications and on the exchange of technologies from the non-medical into the medical field and vice versa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040050734
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