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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 4369-4379 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This article describes a user-controlled detector simulator to aid development of the grazing incidence spectrometer (GIS), which forms part of the coronal diagnostic spectrometer on-board the solar and heliospheric observatory. The simulator was a vital element in carrying out full range tests of the GIS processing electronics in the absence of real detectors, including extreme conditions not easily achievable by other means. With a large degree of flexibility, the simulator provides a wide range of characteristics of output events of realistic shapes. Although the simulator was designed specifically to simulate the spiral anode as used by the GIS, the design is applicable to any three channel detector system and has since been used for the FONEMA instrument for the Russian Mars96 mission. The simulator functionality, performance parameters, software and hardware design, and the overall grounding scheme are presented. The simulator performance with some test results are also discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 32 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  In this study, effects of different overdenture attachments on the stress distributions in the maxillary bone surrounding the overdenture implants are studied. Four different types of attachment are considered. They are rigid Dalbo Stud, movable Dalbo Stress Broken, movable Dalro, and movable O-ring attachments. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was conducted with commercial package to obtain the stress distributions in the maxillary bone. Varying the attachment types and angle of inclination of load, the stress distributions in the portions of compact bone and trabecular bone were monitored separately. The analysis was conducted by assuming two different boundary conditions at the interface between cap and overdenture abutment in order to evaluate influence of interface boundary condition on stress distribution in the maxillary bone. They were perfect bonding condition and contact with friction at the interfaces. However, it is preferable to assume perfect bond condition at the interface for rigid type attachment systems and contact with friction at the interface for movable type attachment systems. From the numerical results, it was found that the load transfer mechanism of the implant system is altered significantly by the types of the overdenture attachment and also special care must be taken to assign proper boundary conditions at the interface for the analysis. The movable type Dalro attachment generated the highest maximum effective stress in the maxillary bone among the models under the same inclined loading condition for contact with friction. The rigid type Dalbo Stud attachment generated the smallest maximum effective stress in the maxillary bone among the models under the same inclined loading condition for perfect bonding condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Finite element analyses were performed for various shapes of dental implant to study effects on stress distribution generated in the surrounding jaw bone and to determine an optimal thread shape for even stress distribution. It was found that the square thread shape filleted with a small radius was more effective on stress distribution than other dental implants used in the analyses. Additional analyses were performed on the implant with the thread shape obtained from previous analyses for varying other design parameters, such as the width of thread end and height of thread for various load directions, to determine the optimal dimensions of the implant. Stress distribution was more effective in the case when the width of thread end and the height of thread were 0·5p and 0·46p, respectively, where p is the screw pitch. Then, using the optimal implant thread dimensions determined previously, stress analyses were performed with various screw pitches and implant lengths, to investigate effects on stress distribution and to find the way to reduce the maximum effective stress generated in the jaw bone. Results show that the maximum effective stress decreased not only as screw pitch decreased gradually but also as implant length increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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