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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced spermiation in 3-year-old sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus L. (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 35 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Spermiation in 3-year-old sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus (L.), males maintained under warm water conditions was induced by intramuscular injection of either (i) (D-Ala6)-GnRH-ProNHEt (Kobarelin); (ii) mammalian GnRH analogue+metoclopramide (Ovopel); or (iii) human chorionic gonadotropin (Biogonadyl). The volume of milt, sperm concentration and motility were measured. A higher percentage of spermiating males was obtained after Kobarelin or Ovopel treatment (81.8% and 77.7% respectively) in comparison with fish treated with Biogonadyl (40.0%). However, only stimulation with Ovopel guaranteed motile spermatozoa in all spermiating males. Moreover, treatment with Ovopel resulted in the highest average milt volume, sperm concentration and motility. The average total number of motile spermatozoa (milt volume×sperm concentration×sperm motility) per individual was 0.99×109, 5.31×109 and 0.02×109 after stimulation with Kobarelin, Ovopel or Biogonadyl respectively. Our data indicate that Ovopel is a good stimulator of spermation in sturgeons. Moreover, the time of sexual maturation could be significantly reduced in sturgeons maintained in cages under warm water conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.00995.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of rainbow trout milt collected with a catheter: semen parameters and cryopreservation success (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 31 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Collection of fish milt by stripping risks the danger of milt contamination by urine. This may seriously influence milt characteristics and quality, including usefulness for cryopreservation. Urine contamination of milt may be avoided by using a catheter for sperm collection. The objectives of this study were to provide basic characteristics of milt collected with a catheter, to test the usefulness of this milt for cryopreservation, and to correlate characteristics of fresh and cryopreserved semen with sperm fertility rates. Milt from 25 rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) males were used. All samples were cryopreserved using the pellet method within 1 h of collection, using 0.6 m sucrose and 10% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) as an extender. Catheterization resulted in semen of very good motility (〉 90% motile spermatozoa) and high fertilization rates after cryopreservation (mean fertilization rate 81.8 ± 13.3% of control, at a sperm/egg ratio of 2.4 ± 0.3 × 106). Osmolality of seminal plasma and concentrations of sodium, potassium and magnesium ions had low variability, which suggests that they are important for creating a stable environment for sperm storage in the sperm duct. Higher variability of certain seminal plasma characteristics, such as protein concentration and antiproteinase activity, suggests that these characteristics are related to individual semen features of particular males. A strong correlation of seminal plasma zinc concentration with protein concentration may reflect an importance of zinc in semen biology. Cryopreservation caused a significant release of protein and acid phosphatase from spermatozoa. Our results did not reveal any single characteristic of semen collected by catheter that could be used as a powerful predictor of cryopreservation success, presumably because all samples were of high quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2000.00400.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dynamics of gonad growth and ascorbate status in yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill) (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 27 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill), caught in the wild (Grand St Marys Lake, Ohio) and cultured in the laboratory were used to examine the relationship between gonad development and the concentration of ascorbic acid in ovaries, testes, liver and kidney. In wild fish the ovary had concentrations of ascorbate twice as high (75-102 μg g-1) as the testis (28-48 μg g-1), and when the differences in gonadosomatic indices between sexes were accounted for, females deposited 10-fold more of this essential nutrient in gonads than did males. Yellow perch cultured intensively throughout the gonadal recrudescence had shown a decrease of ascorbate concentration in the kidney, liver and ovary during winter, most likely due to the low dietary level of the vitamin. Diet enrichment with ascorbic acid resulted in a dramatic increase of ascorbate in ovary and other tissues. Incorporation of ascorbic acid may take place during the late vitellogenesis, and this vitamin deserves to be studied as a quality indicator in fish eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1996.tb01284.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ascorbic acid and reproduction in fish: endocrine regulation and gamete quality (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 32 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: High ascorbic acid concentrations have been associated with gonad and brain tissues in teleost fishes. Although a direct dietary effect on gamete quality has been given some attention recently, the mechanism of action of ascorbate along the cascade of reproductive events in the hypothalamus, pituitary and gonads has not been defined. Data relating to gamete production and quality, as well as a possible protective role for ascorbate against cumulative genetic defects during gametogenesis and congenital malformation during gestation (embryonic development) is reviewed. It is suggested that the gonad growth in response to gonadotropin stimulation involves direct interaction between catecholamines and steroid hormones and their receptor sites. This interaction acts as a regulatory mechanism of ascorbate absorption, transfer and metabolism (degradation and/or renewal) in the reproductive system. We conclude that ascorbic acid is a leading nutrient in reproductive tissue functions and further research is needed on: (1) its antioxidant effect on gametes' (sperm and ova) capacity to prevent DNA damage occurring prior to (endogenous) and after spawning (environmental insults); (2) its dietary requirement to optimize survival and physiological recovery in multiple spawners; (3) the integration mechanism of ascorbic acid action as part of the overall endocrine regulation of neurohormonal–hormonal pathway in fish reproduction; and (4) the possible role for ascorbate in regulating fish maturation and/or infertility in the presence of enhanced UV-radiation or conditions of intensive aquaculture (hypoxia, oxygen supersaturation, dietary pro–, and antioxidants).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2001.00598.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilization in landlocked sea lamprey: storage of gametes, optimal sperm: egg ratio, and methods of assessing fertilization success (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 56 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ovulated, unfertilized eggs of sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus could be stored for 1 day at 15° C without significant loss of fertilizing ability. After 2 days storage most eggs could still be fertilized. Lamprey semen could be stored up to 1 day. Thereafter, a decrease in sperm fertilizing ability occurred, accompanied with a decrease in sperm motility. Unlike teleost fish, sea lamprey eggs could still be fertilized after 1 h contact with water. This extended time of gamete fertility after release into water may help to account for the reproductive success of this species. Maximal fertilization rates were obtained at a sperm: egg ratio of 50 000, a ratio recommended for studies on fertility of individual males. Assessing fertilization success 3 min after fertilization (at cytoplasmic bleb stage) or 5 h after fertilization (at two–cell embryo) was strongly correlated (r=0·92 and 0·98) with estimation and fertilization success at hatching. These results offer improvement in artificial fertilization techniques under laboratory conditions and provide new information on the biology of fertilization in sea lamprey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00750.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteinase inhibitor(s) in seminal plasma of teleost fish (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 45 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Anti-proteinase activity has been found in seminal plasma of three teleost fish: rainbow trout, whitefish and yellow perch. The activity was effective against trypsin (bovine and cod) and acrosin (boar), but not bovine chymotrypsin. Inhibitor activity against fish trypsin was nine- to ten-fold higher than against bovine trypsin. All anti-proteinase activity remained in the retentate after filtration through molecular filter with 30 kDa cut-off membrane and eluted from a column of Sephacryl S-200 HR at the volume characteristic for molecular weight of approximately 90 kDa (data for rainbow trout). Inhibitor(s) had low thermal stability (50–60% activity remained after 15 min at 60° C). The discovery of proteinase inhibitor(s) in the seminal plasma of teleosts raised the question of the regulatory function of this protein in the systematic group of fishes having anacrosomal spermatozoa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb00945.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteolytic activity and electrophoretic profiles of proteases from seminal plasma of teleosts (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using gelatin-SDS-PAGE, proteolytic activity was found in the seminal plasma of 10 teleosts: common carp Cyprinus carpio, bream Abramis brama, ide Leuciscus idus, chub Leuciscus cephalus, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, grayling Thymallus thymallus, perch Perca fluviatilis, pike Esox lucius, goldfish Carassius carassius and pikeperch Stizostendion lucioperca. This activity was also measured, using azoalbumin as a substrate, in the seminal plasma of these species, with exception of pikeperch and goldfish. When azoalbumin-hydrolysing activity was expressed per volume, it was highest in common carp. Otherwise, as expressed per g of protein, the activity was highest in pike. The lowest proteolytic activity (expressed per g and volume) was observed in perch seminal plasma. Using gelatin containing polyacrylamide gels for detecting gelatinolytic activity, species-specific electrophoretic profiles were found. For all cyprinids two similar bands with a molecular mass of 68 and 74 kDa were found. The seminal plasma of grayling and rainbow trout showed similarities in the 41 kDa band. Perch and pikeperch had one similar main band with a molecular mass of 61 kDa. Proteolytic enzymes of seminal plasma from pike showed high individual variability. These results suggest that multiple forms of proteolytic enzymes exist in seminal plasma of teleosts and they differ among fish families and species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00224.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serine proteinase inhibitors of seminal plasma of teleost fish: distribution of activity, electrophoretic profiles and relation to proteinase inhibitors of blood (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Anti-proteinase activity has been found in seminal plasma of eight teleost fish species: brown trout, rainbow trout, brook trout, lake whitefish, bream, northern pike, Danube salmon and burbot. This activity correlated with seminal plasma protein and sperm concentrations. Using a mammalian (bovine) trypsin for detecting proteinase inhibitors it was found for the first time that there are species-specific electrophoretic profiles of anti-proteinase activity. One to three bands could be identified by this method. However, additional proteinase inhibitors could be identified by using fish (cod) trypsin. These inhibitors were detected in seminal plasma of salmonids and coregonids and have a slow migration rate. Fast-migrating proteinase inhibitors were present in rainbow, brown and brook trout, northern pike, whitefish and burbot. These inhibitors could be detected in brook and brown trout by using either trypsins. However, they were detected only with bovine trypsin in rainbow trout, northern pike, whitefish and burbot. These results suggest that multiple forms of serine proteinase inhibitors exist in seminal plasma of teleost fish and they differ in their affinity toward serine proteinases. Seminal plasma serine proteinase inhibitors of rainbow trout migrated during electrophoresis similarly to blood plasma proteinase inhibitors, and suggests that the two inhibitors may be similar or the same. Anti-proteinase specific activity was similar in blood and seminal plasma. Proteinase inhibitors of fish seminal plasma seem to be an important part of sperm physiology, possibly related to protection of spermatozoa. Staining for detection of serine proteinase inhibitors also allowed detection of presence of nonspecific esterase in seminal plasma of most species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1998.tb00249.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal conditions for determination of aspartate aminotransferase activity in rainbow trout and whitefish (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 14 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) activity is frequently used as a biochemical indicator offish physiological status, the clinical indicator of pathologies related to diseases and/or toxicity stress. However, there has been a lack of consensus on the optimal conditions for measuring AspAT activity in fish tissues and body fluids. In this study we used the spectrophotometric method recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) which was based on absorbance changes at 339 nm due to NADH oxidation, to test effects of L-aspar-tate, pH and presence of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate on AspAT activity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) blood plasma and liver extracts. We also tested the effect of temperature at range 10–40°C on the liver AspAT activity and calculated the relationships of AspAT activities at various temperatures at range 10–30°C. Blood and liver AspAT activities were highest at pH 7.8. Liver activity was highest at 60 mM L-aspartate concentration. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate stimulated activities in both tissues by 10–20 %. The IFCC method with few modifications is recommended for AspAT assay in fish and offers a replacement for the numerous AspAT assays currently in use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1998.tb00614.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive physiology of yellow perch (Perca flavescens): environmental and endocrinological cues (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An understanding of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of reproductive processes in yellow perch is fundamental for intensive culture of this commercially important, freshwater, perciform fish. This paper describes the annual reproductive cycle of female and male perch. It presents the current state of knowledge on the regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis, final maturation of oocytes and ovulation in this species. Moreover, data concerning biochemistry of spermatozoa and seminal plasma as well as testicular steroidogenesis are summarized. In addition to endocrinological factors, the involvement of environmental (photoperiod and temperature) cues in the regulation of yellow perch reproduction is reviewed. Finally, practical aspects of controlling perch reproduction are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1996.tb00079.x
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