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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of labour, birthweight and perinatal mortality by day of the week (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 94 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There were 66 974 births at the three largest Dublin maternity hospitals in the years 1980–1982. Data on numbers of spontaneous and elective births, birthweight and perinatal mortality were analysed by day of the week. Perinatal mortality rates were highest on Wednesdays and Saturdays. The rate on Sunday was close to average. The largest number of perinatal deaths per day occurred on Wednesdays and the smallest on Sundays. Significant variations in mortality rates and percentage low birthweight were found among the 19% of infants who were born electively, but not among those born after a spontaneous onset of labour. High-risk pregnancies, including many with intrauterine fetal death, were induced in large numbers from Tuesdays through Saturdays with a peak on Wednesdays. Low risk cases were induced mainly from Monday through Fridays with a peak on Fridays. The pattern of perinatal mortality through the week followed closely that of the risk status of pregnancies delivered electively. The results indicate that the pattern of perinatal mortality by day of the week of birth was determined by a highly organized weekly routine of selective elective delivery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03118.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FETAL BLOOD VELOCITY WAVEFORMS IN UNCOMPLICATED LABOUR (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 88 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A combination of pulsed echo and continuous wave Doppler ultrasound was used to obtain blood flow velocity signals from the umbilical arteries of 10 patients during uncomplicated spontaneous labour. Audio frequency analysis of these signals yielded fetal blood velocity waveforms. Analysis of these waveforms demonstrated that placental vascular resistance to feto-placental blood flow is not altered by uterine contractions, artificial rupture of the membranes, the infusion of oxytocin nor the administration of analgesia during uncomplicated labour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1981.tb02220.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FETAL BLOOD VELOCITY WAVEFORMS IN NORMAL PREGNANCY (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 87 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A combination of pulsed echo and continuous wave Doppler ultrasound was used to obtain blood flow velocity signals from the umbilical arteries of 18 normal patients from the 16th until the 40th week of pregnancy. Audio frequency analysis of these signals yielded fetal blood velocity waveforms. Analysis of these waveforms demonstrated that the placenta is an organ of low vascular resistance and that placental resistance to blood flow declines with advancing gestational age in normal pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04613.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF LUMBAR EPIDURAL ANALGESIA ON THE RATE OF CERVICAL DILATATION AND THE OUTCOME OF LABOUR OF SPONTANEOUS ONSET (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 87 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A study of 1955 spontaneous labours is presented relating progress and outcome to the presence of a lumbar epidural block in 282 of these patients and to the need for oxytocin augmentation in 427. Graphs for cervical dilatation starting at admission to hospital were constructed for normal and dysfunctional labours of spontaneous onset. Patients requiring augmentation of labour had a lesser cervical dilatation on admission to hospital, a longer first stage, more instrumental deliveries, more Caesarean sections and a greater number of babies with a low Apgar score. An epidural block had no effect on either the duration of first stage or the rate of cervical dilatation but was associated with a 20-fold increase in rotational forceps delivery and no increase in Caesarean section rate. With an epidural block there was no increase in the number of babies with cerebral irritation or low Apgar scores and there was a statistically significant improvement in the Apgar scores of babies of mothers in augmented dysfunctional labour who had an epidural block. The incidence of rotational forceps delivery in patients with an epidural block could be reduced with safety by allowing such patients to have a longer second stage before considering interference purely for delay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04466.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEX HORMONE LEVELS AND GONADOTROPHIN RELEASE IN PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 85 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Premature ovarian failure was studied in ten women under the age of 30; eight had an ovarian biopsy and five of these showed primordial follicles. Plasma levels of oestradiol and progesterone were similar to the follicular phase of a normal menetrual cycle, but in eight patients cervical smears showed a cornification index of less than one per cent. Levels of both androgens and of sex hormone binding globulin capacity were generally normal. Administration of LH-RH caused a release of FSH which was similar to post menopausal women and higher than normally menstruating women, and a release of LH which was higher than both. Two patients were treated with exogenous gonadotrophins without effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1978.tb15844.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN DISEASE (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 83 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) capacity was reduced in 9 of 31 patients with polycystic ovarian (PCO) disease and the mean level in PCO patients was significantly less (p〈0·001) than normal. Serum testosterone levels were elevated in 21 of 32 PCO patients and the mean level was significantly elevated (p〈0·001). Serum androstenedione values were raised in 17 of 31 patients and the mean value was also significantly raised (p〈0·001). Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS) concentrations were elevated in only 2 of 14 patients. Urinary 17-oxo and 17-oxogenic steroids were normal in all patients studied. Basal folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were normal but LH release following injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was enhanced. A highly significant negative correlation (r=– 0·449; p〈0·01) was found between the logarithm of testosterone and the logarithm of LH levels. Serum prolactin concentrations were elevated in 4 of 21 PCO patients. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values were normal. Eighteen of 20 patients ovulated following treatment with clomiphene and nine became pregnant. Five of 12 of patients treated with oestrogen/progesterone preparations noticed an improvement in their hirsutism. It is suggested that the normal cyclical release of LH is inhibited in PCO disease by a negative feedback by androgens to the hypothalamus or the pituitary, and that wedge resection should be reserved for patients in whom other forms of treatment have failed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00895.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CHARACTERISTICS OF NORMAL LABOUR IN DIFFERENT RACIAL GROUPS (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 82 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The characteristics of normal labour in 1306 white, Asian and black parturients have been established following a prospective study of 3217 consecutive labours. Asian patients were found to be of significantly shorter stature than white or black women (p〈0.001) and their infants significantly lighter than those of white (p〈0.001) and of black (p〈0.05) women, and a low positive correlation was found between maternal height and infant birth weight. The mean duration of the first stage of labour, taken from the time of admission to the labour ward, was 5-6 hours in primiparae and 3.7 hours in multiparae. The mean durations of the second stage of labour were 41.5 and 17.4 minutes respectively. The correlations between the duration of the first and second stages of labour were too low to be of value in patient management. Similar low correlations were found between the duration of the second stage of labour and both infant birth weight and the Apgar score at one minute. Cervical dilatation-time curves, constructed with reference to the cervical dilatation found on admission to the labour ward, revealed no significant differences in the progress of normal labour in the different racial groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00695.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYPOTHALMIC-PITUITARY RELATIONSHIPS IN THE POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME SERUM GONADOTROPHIN LEVELS FOLLOWING INJECTION OF OESTRADIOL BENZOATE (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 82 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Injection of oestradiol benzoate was found to elicit a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) in 15 of 19 patients with polycystic ovary (PCO) syndrome; follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was also released, in conjunction with the LH surge, in eight patients. It is concluded that the oestrogen feedback mechanisms controlling mid-cycle gonadotrophin release are functioning normally in the majority of patients with PCO syndrome. Ovulation was subsequently induced by clomiphene alone in those patients who had an LH surge, and by a combination of clomiphene and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in those who had not shown any LH release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00604.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Delivery in an obstetric birth chair: a randomized controlled trial (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 98 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective— To determine whether nulliparae whose second stage of labour is conducted in an obstetric birth chair have a lower incidence of instrumental delivery than those using a conventional delivery bed.Design— Randomized controlled trial using sealed, opaque envelopes for allocation.Setting— Delivery ward in a busy teaching hospital.Patients— 1250 nulliparae with a singleton live fetus with cephalic presentation, without epidural anaesthesia, who had achieved full dilatation.Intervention— Intention to conduct second and third stages of labour in either the Birth-EZ chair or the conventional delivery bed, as randomly allocated.Main outcome measures— Primary measure: vaginal operative delivery; principal secondary measures: duration of second stage, perineal trauma, blood loss, women's views, and neonatal status.Results— Delivery in the birth chair did not result in a reduction in operative delivery, overall. However, there was a reduction in vaginal operative delivery for fetal heart rate abnormality. There was no beneficial effect on perineal trauma or puerperal perineal pain. Post-partum haemorrhage was more frequent in the birth chair group.Conclusions— Delivery in the birth chair does not offer any obvious advantage to women over delivery on a bed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1991.tb13453.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ONE THOUSAND CONSECUTIVE CASES OF DIAGNOSTIC LAPAROSCOPY (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 79 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One thousand consecutive cases of diagnostic laparoscopy are reported. The commonest indications were infertility, amenorrhoea and pelvic pain. Abnormalities were detected in 37.5 per cent of patients with primary infertility, and in 51 per cent of patients with secondary infertility. Laparoscopy provided a more accurate assessment of tubal patency and function than did hysterosalpingography. An ovarian biopsy was taken from 39 patients and provided more definitive information towards the diagnosis and management of patients with amenorrhoea than did urinary steroid investigations. In patients with pelvic pain the clinical findings were confirmed in 61.5 per cent of patients; in 27.4 per cent unsuspected abnormalities were found, and in 11.1 per cent the clinical diagnosis was shown to have been wrong. A diagnosis of early unruptured tubal pregnancy was confirmed in 33 per cent of patients with indefinite clinical findings. The majority of patients with dysmenorrhoea had no abnormality. The only serious complication was a uretero-vaginal fistula after attempted biopsy of a streak ovary and later hysterectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1972.tb11880.x
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