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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 73-77 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 912-917 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Perioperative Antibioticaprophylaxe ; evidenzbasierte Medizin. ; Keywords: Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis ; Evidence-based medicine.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. The aim of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) is to reduce postoperative complications. In 1994 specialist American companies developed a PAP quality standard, whereby individual recommendations were divided into categories according to the degree of evidence. These recommendations have been tabulated and supplemented with the results of new, randomized, controlled studies.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Ziel der perioperativen Antibioticaprophylaxe (PAP) ist es, postoperative Komplikationen zu reduzieren. 1994 wurde von US-amerikanischen Fachgesellschaften ein Qualitätsstandard für die PAP entwickelt, wobei die einzelnen Empfehlungen nach ihrem Evidenzgrad in verschiedene Kategorien eingeteilt wurden. Ergänzt durch die Ergebnisse neuerer randomisierter, kontrollierter Studien sollen die Empfehlungen in tabellarischer Übersicht dargestellt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 73-77 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion In summary,Acinetobacter colonization or infection may originate from the patients' own flora under the pressure of antimicrobial selection, the hands of staff members, or contaminated equipment. Transmission ofAcinetobacter strains between patients occurs primarily via the hands of health care workers. In outbreak situations, colonized or infected patients and the inanimate environment, which can be secondarily contaminated, are the main reservoirs in the hospital setting for crosstransmission. However, colonized or infected patients seem to be the most important source of cross-contamination, as epidemic strains spread easily throughout different wards. Especially in prolonged outbreaks in which control efforts such as proper hand washing, glove changing, and restriction of antimicrobial agents are ineffective and specific sources such as contaminated equipment are not identified, the source of the epidemic strain is likely the patients' inanimate dry environment [45, 48]. In outbreak situations it is necessary that isolatedAcinetobacter strains are identified to the genomic species level and then typed before epidemiological conclusions can be drawn, becauseAcinetobacter spp. are ubiquitous organisms [3, 31].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Keywords: Key words Nosocomial urinary tract infection ; prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections ; evidence-based guidelines ; Schlüsselwörter Nosokomiale Harnweginfektionen ; Prävention Katheterassoziierter Harnweginfektionen ; evidenzbasierte Leitlinien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Harnweginfektionen sind mit einem Anteil von ca. 40% die häufigsten nosokomialen Infektionen und in den meisten Fällen mit transurethralen Kathetern assoziiert. Die Empfehlungen der Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, USA) als international wichtigste, evidenz-basierte Leitlinien zur Prävention Katheterassoziierter Harnweginfektionen wurden im Jahre 1981 veröffentlicht und seitdem nicht aktualisiert. Evidenzbasierte nationale Empfehlungen sind in Deutschland bislang nicht verfügbar. Wir haben deshalb eine systematische Literaturrecherche nach randomisierten, kontrollierten Interventionsstudien zur Prävention Katheterassoziierter Harnweginfektionen durchgeführt (Medline, Cochrane Library, Durchsicht wichtiger Standardwerke). Insgesamt wurden 50 randomisierte, kontrollierte Interventionsstudien identifiziert, welche die Einschlußkriterien erfüllten. Wesentliche neue Erkenntnisse ergaben sich in den letzten Jahren zu Alternativen von transurethralen Kathetern und zu neuen Kathetermaterialien. Von den CDC-Empfehlungen ausgehend, deren wichtigste Prinzipien immer noch Gültigkeit besitzen, wurden vom Nationalen Referenzzentrum für Krankenhaushygiene* aktualisierte Leitlinien zur Prävention Katheter-assoziierter Harnweginfektionen entwickelt.
    Notes: Summary Urinary tract infections are the most frequent nosocomial infections, accounting for about 40% of all nosocomial infections. In most cases these infections are associated with indwelling urinary catheters. The guideline from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, USA) for the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections, as the most important evidence-based guideline worldwide, was published in 1981 and has not been updated so far. Evidence-based national guidelines are not available in Germany. We have, therefore, performed a literature search for randomized, controlled studies on the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (Medline, Cochrane Library, reference text books) published since 1981. Fifty studies meeting our inclusion criteria were identified. Substantial new findings have been published on alternatives to urethral catheters and new catheter materials. Based upon the CDC guideline, whose principles are still valid, updated guidelines for the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections have been developed by the National Reference Center for Hospital Hygiene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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