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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 7 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A technique for sorting live LH- and FSH-secreting cells was developed. After enzymatic dispersion, a suspension of pituitary cells from male rats castrated 7 days earlier was incubated in potassium chloride (KCI 50 mmol/l) for 30 min and gonadotropin outflow was provoked. Then, considering either LH or FSH as temporary surface markers, we positively selected the secreting cells by means of antibodies toward either LH (anti-LH beads) or FSH (anti-FSH beads) covalently attached to magnetic beads. The spontaneous secretion of LH and FSH overnight and the release induced by KCI the following morning were calculated. A population enriched in gonadotropes (16% of the total) able to secrete both gonadotropins was selected by means of anti-LH beads; this released 7 times as much LH as non-selected cells. A similar population (14% of the total) was selected by means of anti-FSH-coated beads; this produced 3.3 times as much LH as non-selected cells.In some experiments, the cells not previously sorted with anti-LH-coated beads were further incubated in the presence of anti-FSH beads, in an attempt to isolate a population secreting only FSH. A limited number of cells were sorted (6% of the total cells), able to produce both gonadotropins, but with a lower LH/FSH ratio.Similarly, those cells excluded by the selection with anti-FSH beads were further incubated with anti-LH beads, with a view to obtaining only-LH-secreting cells. However, both gonadotropins were still secreted by these cells (8% of the total), which had the highest LH/FSH ratio.In conclusion, fractions from castrated male rats that are enriched in gonadotropes contain cells that secrete both gonadotropins in vitro. The secretion of LH is prevalent. However, differences in the LH/FSH ratio between the populations sorted and changes from spontaneous to stimulated release are observed. This suggests that some gonadotropes might ‘specialize’ in releasing LH and others in releasing both LH and FSH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 61 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Red radish anthocyanin extract (RAE) was investigated to color brined cherries as an alternative to FD&C Red No. 40. Primary and secondary bleached cherries were colored using two concentrations of RAE (600 and 1200 mg/L syrup, C1 and C2) and FD&C Red No. 40 (200 ppm). Color and pigment stability of secondary bleached cherries and syrup colored with RAE were evaluated during storage (25°C). CIELAB, chroma and hue angle, showed that RAE imparted color extremely close to that of FD&C Red No. 40, for 〉 6 mo storage. Monomeric anthocyanin degradation followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives of 29 and 33 wk for syrups colored with RAE C1 and RAE C2, respectively. Higher anthocyanin concentration exerted a protective effect on color stability. Exposure to light slightly accelerated L*, a*, and monomeric anthocyanin degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 63 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Red potatoes (Solanum tuberosum and S. stenotomum) were evaluated as potential sources for natural red colorants. Qualitative anthocyanin composition, pigment content and phenolic composition were screened on 33 cultivars. Monomeric anthocyanin content, determined by pH differential, ranged from 2 to 40 mg/100g tuber fresh weight. Two breeding clones, NDOP5847–1 and NDC4069–4, showed anthocyanin content 〉35 mg/100g. Anthocyanin composition was characterized by HPLC, spectral analyses and mass spectroscopy (MS). All red potato samples showed similar pigment profiles, with pelargonidin-3-rutinoside-5-glucoside acylated with p-coumaric acid being the major anthocyanin (ca 70%). Anthocyanin content and profiles of epidermal tissue and flesh were compared for NDC4069–4. The presence of glycoalkaloids in color extracts was detected by MS. Some red-fleshed potatoes may be good potential sources of food colorants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 64 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Color and pigment stability of model juices (pH 3.5) were evaluated during 65 wk of storage at 2°C and 25°C in the dark. Two acylated pelargonidin-based anthocyanins, red-fleshed potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) and red radishes (Raphanus sativus), and 2 extraction methods, C-18 resin and juice processing, were used and compared to FD&C Red #40. Color (CIELch) and pigment degradation depended on storage temperature, anthocyanin structure and extraction method, with chemically extracted radish anthocyanins showing the best overall stability. At room temperature (25°C), higher stability was obtained with C-18 purified radish anthocyanins (22 wk half-life) and lowest with potatojuice concentrate (10 wk half-life). Refrigeration increased the half-life of pigments to over a year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cultivars were evaluated with respect to qualitative and quantitative anthocyanin (ACN) pigment content. Radishes were grown at 2 locations (Corvallis and Hermiston, OR) and harvested at 2 maturity stages. Pigment content was dependant on cultivar, root weight and location, higher amounts being obtained at Hermiston. Spring cultivars (n=22) had pigmentation in the skin, ranging from 39.3 to 185 mg ACN/100g skin. Red-fleshed Winter cultivars (n=5) had pigment content ranging from 12.2 to 53 mg ACN/100g root. ACN profiles were similar for different cultivars, the major pigments being pelar gonidin-3-sophoroside-5-glucoside, mono- or di-acylated with cinnamic and malonic acids; individual proportions varied among cultivars. Estimated pigment yields ranged from 1.3 to 14 kg/ha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 61 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) anthocyanins were extracted from liquid nitrogen powdered epidermal tissue using acetone, partitioned with chloroform and isolated using C-18 resin. The monomeric anthocyanin content, determined by pH-differential, was 154 ± 13 mg/100g epidermal tissue (pelargonidin-glucoside basis). Thermal processing of radishes showed that the pigments were stable to heat. Four major pigments were identified by Mass Spectroscopy, HPLC, and spectral analyses as pelargonidin-3-sophoroside-5-glucoside derivatives. The two major pigments were acylated with malonic acid and either ferulic or p-coumaric acid. The two other pigments were acylated with only ferulic or p-coumaric acid. Acylation increased pigment resistance to acid hydrolysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food processing and preservation 25 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4549
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Red radish concentrate extracts produced from two radish cultivars, red-skinned cv. Fuego and red-fleshed cv. Chinese Red Meat, were evaluated as potential sources of natural colorants. Unit operations were developed and optimized. Anthocyanins were extracted using a modified abrasive peeler or a hammermill for cultivars Fuego and Red Meat, respectively. The anthocyanin extract was further purified by standard juice processing operations and concentrated by conventional evaporative technology and/or direct osmosis. Anthocyanin recoveries of 80–90% as compared to solvent/resin purification were obtained. Anthocyanins extracted from epidermal tissue resulted in juices with fairly low initial °Brix (1.3°), which facilitated juice concentration to levels of 17° Brix containing 400 mg anthocyanin/100 mL concentrate. Radish concentrate provided color similar to FD&C Red #40. Sensory analysis showed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0340-1855
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Achse Hypothalamus-Hypophyse-Nebennierenrinde – Androgene –Östrogene – rheumatoide Arthritis – Entzündung – Sexualhormone – Zytokine ; Key words Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis – androgens – estrogens – rheumatoid arthritis – inflammation – sex hormones – cytokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The altered cortisol and adrenal androgen (i. e., dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate = DHEAS) secretion, observed during testing in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients not treated with corticosteroids, should be clearly regarded as a “relative adrenal insufficiency” in the setting of a sustained inflammatory process, as shown by high serum IL-6 levels. Androgens seem implicated in the pathophysiology of autoimmune disorders, including RA, as natural immunosuppressors. Low plasma synovial fluid testosterone concentrations are observed in male RA patients; low plasma DHEAS levels are mainly observed in female RA patients. The menopausal peak of RA suggests that estrogens and/or progesterone deficiency also play a role in the disease, and many data indicate that estrogens suppress cellular immunity, but stimulate humoral immunity (i. e., deficiency promotes cellular Th1-type immunity). Gene polymorphisms for enzymes involved in the steroidogenesis seem to further complicate the role of sex hormones in the susceptibility to autoimmunity. Acquired changes of sex steroid metabolism seem to also play a role in the peripheral sex hormone levels. In conclusion, a complex interaction between the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical and gonadal axis functions is evident in RA.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen von bis dahin mit Glukokortikoiden unbehandelten Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) zeigen Abweichungen der Spiegel für Kortisol und adrenalen Androgenen (vor allem Dehydroepiandrosteronsulfat, DHEAS), die in der Relation zu gleichzeitig hohen Serumspiegeln von IL-6 eindeutig als relative Nebenniereninsuffizienz zu bezeichnen sind. Androgene dürften in der Pathogenese von Autoimmunerkrankungen, einschließlich der RA, als physiologische Immunosuppressoren eine Rolle spielen. Bei männlichen RA-Patienten wurden niedrige Testosteronspiegel sowohl im Plasma als auch in der Synovia gefunden, bei RA-Patientinnen waren die entsprechenden Spiegel für DHEAS erniedrigt. Die Häufund der RA um die Menopause legt weiter eine pathophysiologische Bedeutung sinkender Spiegel von Östrogenen und/oder Progesteron nahe. Zahlreiche Befunde deuten auf suppressive Effekte von Östrogenen auf die zelluläre Immunität, während sie stimulierend auf die humorale Immunität wirken (bzw. ein Östrogendefizit steigert die Th 1-Typ-vermittelte Immunität). Genetische Polymorphismen von Enzymen der Steroidbiosynthese scheinen zusätzlich die Rolle von Sexualsteroiden in der Entwicklung von autoimmunen Reaktionen zu begünstigen. Darüberhinaus beeinflussen erworbene Formen eines veränderten Steroidmetabolismus die peripheren Spiegel der Sexualsteroide. Zusammenfassend ist die pathogenetische Relevanz eines komplexen Zusammenwirkens der Achsen Hypothalamus-Hypophyse-Nebennierenrinde und Hypothalamus-Hypophyse-Gonaden bei RA evident.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 417-418 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words CYP2D6 ; Dextromethorphan; phenotyping ; South American population
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Subarachnoid haemorrhage ; Ventricular fibrillation ; Lidocaine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Störungen der kardialen Funktion sind eine bekannte Komplikation der Subarachnoidalblutung. Es wird über eine Frau berichtet, bei der nach einer solchen Blutung mehrere Episoden von Kammerflimmern auftraten. Lidokain zeigte eine Dosis-abhängige Wirksamkeit zur Vorbeugung der lebensbedrohenden Arrhythmien in diesem Fall.
    Notes: Summary Cardiac abnormalities are a known complication of subarachnoid haemorrhage. The case is reported of a woman who experienced recurrent ventricular fibrillation after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Lidocaine exerted a dose-related effect on the prevention of life-threatening arrhythmia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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