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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eosinophil activity markers in peripheral blood have high predictive value for bronchial hyper-reactivity in patients with (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of eosinophils and markers of their activity for bronchial hyper-reactivity (BHR) in a population of patients with recently developed clinical symptoms of asthma. The activation of eosinophils was estimated by measuring eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in serum. In addition, flow cytometry was used to measure the expression of the EG2-epitope on intracellular ECP in eosinophils from peripheral blood. Twenty-eight consecutive patients with clinical history of asthma were studied. Of the 28 patients, 18 had a positive bronchial challenge test measured as PD20 1600 μg histamine. A significantly higher concentration of eosinophils and a trend to higher ECP in the peripheral blood was found in the hyper-reactive group than in the nonreactive group. However, the intracellular expression of ECP did not correlate with the PD, value, and no significant difference between the groups was found. With one eosinophil activity marker, either serum ECP or EG2, BHR could be predicted in 70% of the patients. If we combined any two of the activity markers (serum ECP, EG2, or the percentage of eosinophils), the predictive value increased to 100%. We conclude that the blood eosinophil concentration, as well as, to some extent, serum ECP, has a high specificity for BHR in patients with recently developed clinical symptoms of asthma. Despite normal bronchial reactivity, some patients had signs of activated eosinophils, i.e., high serum ECP and increased EG2 expression. Thus, these markers may reflect early stages in the development of BHR. Our results also indicate that a combined evaluation of percentage of eosinophils and of eosinophil activity markers is of clinical value to predict BHR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04654.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal Variation and Sex Differences of Circulating Macrophages, Immunoglobulins and Lymphocytes in Healthy School Children (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 37 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Subpopulations of T and B lymphocytes and levels of serum immunoglobulins G, A, M, E and subclasses G1, G2 and G3 were studied in 45 healthy school children aged 8–16 years during four seasons of the year. There were significant increases in CD4+ T helper cells, total T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ (helper/cytotoxic) T-cell ratio during the spring season. While the levels of CD8+ T cells and total B lymphocytes remained statistically unchanged during all four seasons, the levels of natural (HNK-1) killer cells and macrophages increased significantly during the autumn and summer seasons respectively. The levels of immunoglobulins G, A, M and E remained statistically unchanged during all four seasons. Girls had higher levels of CD4+ T cells and a higher CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio than boys. Girls also had slightly higher levels of immunoglobulin G and M. These observations suggest that seasonal variations of some immunological parameters occur in healthy children. This may be an adaptive response to variable climatic and other environmental factors. These natural variations due to seasonal changes should be taken into account when immunological tests are used in clinical investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1993.tb01758.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of Individual Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte Motility Obtained with a New Opto-electronic Method (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 9 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An opto-electronic device has been used for a quantitative assessment of the motility of individual polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) adhering to a glass cover slip. One of the oculars in a phase contrast microscope is provided with a mini-array of 32 × 32 light-sensitive elements. These are connected lo an electronic unit, capable of recording the number of light-intensity changes on each element and of visualizing the path of a cell on an oscilloscope screen, as a pattern of dots. The results clearly show that individual PMNL respond differently to environmental conditions; for instance, (ij raising the temperature increased the motility of cells to a maximum at around 39°C and lowering the temperature from 42°C restored their peak motility. (ii) protein was required at attachment depending on the temperature at attachment, (iii) endo-toxin-activated normal human serum affected more drastically cells with a low initial motility and cytochalasin B more adversely influenced cells with a high initial motility. (iv) phagocytosis of yeast cells reduced the percentage of motile ceils, which was more pronounced if the PMNL were washed before the mobility measurement. The average motility of the PMNL was also diminished, although individual PMNL retained normal activity after ingestion of one or more yeast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1979.tb03282.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lability in complement receptor mobilization of granulocytes in patients with bronchial hyperreactivity (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The recruitment of activated granulocytes to bronchial mucosa seems to be involved in the prolonged inflammatory response observed in asthma and probably associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. We studied the patients with bronchial hyperresponsiveness with respect to the expression of complement receptor type 1 (CR1), its variability and readiness to become mobilized on peripheral granulocytes from patients with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. CR1 expression and its hourly variation was significantly (P 〈 0.02, P 〈 0.01 respectively) higher in the patient group compared with the control group. In addition the ability to mobilize CR1 spontaneously at +37°C correlated to the variation of CR1 expression that occurred during a 4 hr period. These findings indicate that granulocytes from patients with bronchial hyperresponsiveness have a higher degree of variation in CR1 expression that correlates to their ability to mobilize CR1 and may reflect a more pronounced lability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb02828.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of loratadine on anti-IgE-induced inflammation, histamine release, and leukocyte recruitment in skin of atopics (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 50 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the H1-receptor antagonist loratadine to modify anti-IgE-induced cutaneous wheal-and-flare and late-phase reactions (WFR and LPR), as well as histamine release and leukocyte accumulation in skin chambers. For this purpose, 10 atopics with allergic rhinitis were entered into a double-blind crossover study in which they received either placebo or loratadine (20 mg/day orally) for 8 days separated by a 7-day washout period. Blisters were induced on both forearms on day 7 of each treatment period, and were unroofed on day 8 and covered with plastic skin chambers. Chamber fluids were collected during 7 h after 1-h incubation with anti-IgE or control IgG. Intradermal challenge with histamine and anti-IgE was performed at the same occasion. As compared to placebo treatment, loratadine inhibited the immediate WFRs to anti-IgE by 35% (wheal) and 65% (flare), respectively (P 〈 0.01), and corresponding reactions to histamine challenge by 50% and 70% (P〈0.001), respectively. Moreover, the initial phase (0-2 h) of the LPR induced by anti-IgE was attenuated by up to ∼60% (P 〈 0.001) during loratadine treatment. Thereafter, no inhibition of the LPR was observed. The magnitude and time course of histamine release into skin chambers was virtually the same after loratadine and placebo treatment, with a peak during 0-1 h and a progressive decline during the following 2 h. Accumulation of α2-macroglobulin, reflecting extravasation of large plasma proteins, also peaked during the first hour and was unaffected by loratadine during the 8-h observation period. Moreover, loratadine did not reduce the anti-IgE-induced recruitment of eosinophils or other subtypes of leukocytes. Altogether, loratadine inhibited both the WFRs to histamine and anti-IgE and the initial phase of the IgE-mediated LPR. However, loratadine did not express anti-inflammatory activity with respect to mast-cell mediator release or leukocyte recruitment. The latter findings are in contrast to the action of loratadine in allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, suggesting that the actions of loratadine may be organ specific and that the effects of loratadine cannot always be extrapolated from one tissue to another.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01171.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgA antiendomysium antibodies have a high positive predictive value for celiac disease in asymptomatic patients (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Many attempts have been made to find screening tests for celiac disease to reduce the need for biopsy, or to achieve better selection criteria before intestinal biopsy. We have recently analyzed apparently healthy blood donors for antigliadin antibodies (AGA) to select subjects for further gastrointestinal investigation. A prevalence of gluten enteropathy of at least 1/256 was found in this population. The positive predictive value (+ PV), however, was only 20%. In the present study we have analyzed IgA antiendomysium antibodies (IgA-EmA) to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the test, and determine whether or not the + PV of the assay increases when screening for adult celiac disease in an asymptomatic population. We found that asymptomatic persons with celiac disease may have IgA-EmA. We found a 100% specificity of IgA-EmA in the tested population of blood donors, whereas the sensitivity was about the same as that of IgA-AGA. This result of a + PV of 100% indicates that a positive IgA-EmA could replace biopsy in diagnosing celiac disease. However, further extended studies are needed to determine whether this is applicable in other populations. To screen patients for celiac disease, we recommend the easy and cheap IgA-AGA assay as a preliminary test and the IgA-EmA to verify the diagnosis and avoid unnecessary biopsies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00124.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Counts of activated blood eosinophils for monitoring asthma (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The FOG method is a new cell membrane permeabilization technique which makes it possible to identify the eosinophils in unseparated peripheral blood and allows analyses of both surface and intracellular antigens by flow cytometry. This technique has been adapted to analyse eosinophil activity in peripheral blood from asthmatic patients by measuring the expression of the EG2-epitope on intracellular ECP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1993.tb04707.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Role of Negative Charge in the Complement-Dependent Dissoeiation of IgG-Mediated Aggregation (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 21 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The IgG-medialcd aggregation of yeast particles was used as a model to study the dissociating effect of human serum complement on immune aggregates A 92% decrease in non-aggregated particles was obtained hy coating particles with UG. After incubation of the aggregates in normal human serum (NHS) at VTC the numher of free particles increased almost 10 times. The ettect could he obtained with ethyleneglycol-bis-β-aminoethyl ether)-N, N-tetraaectic acid-containing serum but not cthylenediaminelciraacetic acid-containing serum, indicating the importance of The alternate pathway of complement activation. Treatment wilh NHS did nm release anti-yeast IgG from the particles, indicating that disruption of anitgen-anlibody bonds did not explain the phenomenonm. The negative charge of the different particles was studied hy measuring the interaction to diethylammuelhyl-Sephacel heads Compared with non-coated and IgG-coated particles, the NHS-ircated particles were not released until the ionic strength increased to 200 mM NaCl or the pH decreased to 4.4. indicating a strong negative charge of NHS-ireated panicles. We propose that complement increases the negative charge of immune complexes, thereby inducing repulsive forces that counteract Fc-Fc interactions and increase the solubility of the complexes
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1985.tb01401.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in the association between the oxidase-dependent activity and plasma membrane receptors for IgG, C3b and concanavalin A of human neutrophils
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 152 (1983), S. 212-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Neutrophil ; Oxidase activity ; Phagocytosis ; Receptor
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(83)80382-2
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phagocytic internalization and the requirement for membrane perturbation
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 81 (1977), S. 118-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(77)80941-1
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