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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-dose inhaled steroids in the management of asthma A comparison of the effects of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate on pulmonary function, symptoms, bronchial responsiveness and the adrenal function (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Svendsen UG, Frølund L, Heinig JH, Madsen F, Nielsen NH, Weeke B. High-dose inhaled steroids in the management of asthma. A comparison of the effects of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate on pulmonary function, symptoms, bronchial responsiveness and the adrenal function.The efficacy of budesonide (800 μg b.d.) and beclomethasone dipropionate (750 μg b.d.) in controlling the symptoms of asthma, pulmonary function, bronchial responsiveness to histamine, and adrenal function, was assessed in a double-blind, double-dummy cross-over study of 36 adult chronic asthmatic patients. The patients, the majority of whom were assessed to be affected to a severe degree, were insufficiently controlled in their current regimen of inhaled steroids and/or inhaled and oral bronchodilators. A 2 weeks baseline period preceded 6 weeks of treatment with each of the study drugs. Both treatment groups showed improvements from baseline in clinical assessment of lung function carried out after the first 6 weeks of treatment. No significant differences were seen throughout the entire 12 weeks study, when comparing the effects of the treatments on FEV1 FVC, PEF or the histamine PC20. Asthma severity, symptom score and inhaled bronchodilator use showed the same results after both treatments. It is concluded that inhalations of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate in high doses are equally potent in the treatment of severe asthma. There is no significant influence on the adrenal function and no significant side effects during a period equal to that of the present study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb00960.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of patients allergic to house dust mites (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00646.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basophil histamine release in insect venom allergy (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of the present study was to investigate venom-related and venom-non-related immunological reactions in patients stung by bee or wasp. Sixteen consecutive patients (7 with local and 9 with systemic reactions) were tested with skin tests, RAST and basophil histamine release (BHR) test immediately after the insect sting and 2, 4, and 16 weeks later. No test was useful immediately after the insect sting, the “anergic period”. In agreement with earlier findings, the SPT was the only allergy test that showed statistically significant differences between patients with local and systemic reactions, although a great overlap was found. Release of histamine from basophils after incubation with anti-IgE also showed statistically significant differences between local and systemic reactions. Further studies are needed, especially measurement of BHR after incubation with anti-IgE before insect stings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00407.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-dose local steroid treatment in bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Two patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) have been treated with a high dose (1600 μg daily) of inhaled corticosteroid for 18 months. A beneficial effect with regard to asthmatic symptoms was observed in both patients. During the first 14 months of the observation period no significant changes were observed in lung function parameters. Bronchial histamine challenge showed decreased hyperreactivity. IgE decreased in both patients, while specific IgE and IgG remained the same. After 14 months of treatment one of the patients developed severe, acute exacerbation of the ABPA and was treated with high-dose prednisolone and local steroid. The patient is now fully recovered and has continued on local steroid therapy. The other patient had no episodes of exacerbation and remains stable on this treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb02040.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    House dust mite allergens on different types of mattresses (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Beds and especially mattresses are important breeding grounds for house dust mites. We investigated whether supposed differences in the microclimate on water, spring and foam mattresses were reflected in the occurrence of house dust mite major allergens (Der f I, Der m I, and Der p I) in mattress dust. Fifty-one mattresses that had been in use for 8–25 months were sampled. Median concentration of total major allergens was 0.5 μg/g dust (range 0–45) with little difference between the three major allergens and between the three types of mattresses. Occurrence of mattresses with concentrations above and below the proposed risk level (2 μg/g) was similar in the mattress groups. However, the allergen concentration was above risk level in 56%, if washable underblankets were not applied, compared with only 21% in the group with such underblankets. In conclusion, mattresses tend to accumulate allergen rather rapidly. Neither heated water mattresses, spring nor foam mattresses seem to be of any advantage for mite allergies, whereas underblankets made of synthetic fibres in a cotton or synthetic cover, commonly used in Denmark, might play a beneficial role in reducing allergen exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01667.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bronchial allergen challenge: dose versus concentration (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study was designed to investigate if two equivalent doses of allergen administered by different dosing regimes—two breaths and 10 breaths of each concentration—would result in the same magnitude of the early and late asthmatic response. Fifteen patients with extrinsic allergic asthma were challenged twice with either two or 10 breaths of twofold increasing allergen concentrations. The challenge was continued until a 20% decrease in FEV1 had been achieved. A non-cumulative PC20FEV1 allergen was derived, and the cumulative dose of allergen given was similarly derived. In order to assess the reproducibility of the challenge, seven patients were challenged twice with two-breath regime. The mean value of allergen PC20 obtained by the two-breath regime was 4.1 fold (95% CI: 2.3–7.1 fold) greater than those obtained by the 10-breath regime (P 〈 0.05), whereas the difference was 1.4 fold (95% CI: – 3.3–0.5 fold) for the cumulative dose (P 〉 0.05). A statistically significant larger magnitude of the early asthmatic response, as determined by the maximum per cent fall in FEV1, and late asthmatic response determined by the maximum per cent fall in peak expiratory flow domiciliary recorded during the following 24 hr after challenge, was observed in favour of the 10-breath regime compared to the two-breath regime (mean difference 6%, 95% CI: 0.6–11%). The reproducibility of the provocation test was acceptable (± 1.8 two-fold concentration difference). These results confirm the ‘equivalent dose hypothesis’, and demonstrates that dosage rather than concentration appears to determine the early and late asthmatic response after bronchial allergen challenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb03076.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergy to venom from bee or wasp: the relation between clinical and immunological reactions to insect stings (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 18 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sixty-three patients, applying to the casualty ward after a bee or wasp sting, were tested. On the day of admission, and 4 weeks later, blood was sampled to measure specific IgE and IgG against bee and wasp venom and total IgE. Four weeks after the insect sting, all patients were examined with skin-prick test (1, 10 and 100 μg/ml), and intracutaneous test (0.05 ml of extract 1.0 μg/ml). The amount of venom-specific IgE and IgG increased significantly during the 4-week period, venom-specific IgE was most pronounced in patients experiencing the most severe clinical reactions. However, no significant correlations were found between the results of the immunological tests carried out 4 weeks after the insect sting and the clinical reaction upon the insect sting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02845.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-dose inhaled budesonide in subjects with chronic asthma (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In 30 stable asthmatics, a comparison was made between the changes in pulmonary function (FEV1, FVC, PEF, MEF75, MEF50 and MEF25) hourly for 9 h after a single dose of inhaled budesonide 1,600 μg, and placebo. All subjects used inhaled steroids daily; this medication was, however, withheld 8 days prior to the study. For all parameters of pulmonary function, a significant difference in favour of budesonide was demonstrated. The effect tended to decrease after 9 h, and had abated within 24 h. FEV1 age, sex, smoking habits, or results of an inhaled β2-agonist reversibility test could not be demonstrated as predictors of those subjects to react with the most pronounced responses to budesonide. In conclusion, our results demonstrate an effect 3 h after administration of an inhaled glucocorticosteroid in adult outpatients with chronic asthma. These results parallel previous findings in highly selected asthmatics and after systemic administration of glucocorticosteroids. Single-dose administration and subsequent monitoring for 8-9 h may therefore prove valuable in evaluating new prophylactic agents for the treatment of asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00619.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylprednisolone pulse therapy in acute severe asthma (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 45 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Methylprednisolone pulse therapy (MPPT) has been shown to possess a long-lasting effect in other immune-inflammatory diseases without the well-known side effects caused by long-term treatment with glucocorticosteroids. In an attempt to reduce the long-term use of oral steroids in asthmatics, we conducted this double-blind, double-dummy study to compare the use of MPPT (1 g of methylprednisolone intravenously) (8 patients) with a short course of oral prednisolone (10 patients) in asthmatics presenting with acute severe asthma. Both treatments were effective in relieving the acute attack of asthma. The MPPT-treated patients did not show a faster resolution than did the orally treated group. No patients needed assisted ventilation, and no deaths occurred. One week after the treatment FEV1 tended to decrease in the methylprednisolone group compared with the oral prednisolone group (P = 0.06). The patients initially receiving MPPT needed supplementary prednisolone earlier and in higher doses than did the patients receiving oral prednisolone as initial treatment. At the end of the 12 weeks' study period, the groups reached identical FEV1. In conclusion, we did not find intravenous methylprednisolone superior to oral prednisolone in the treatment of acute attacks of severe asthma, but methylprednisolone pulse therapy had a shorter duration as regards protection against future asthma attacks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00487.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyposensitization in asthmatics with mPEG-modified and unmodified house dust mite extract (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 45 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A double-blind study on hyposensitization (HS) with two extracts prepared from the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) was performed on a group of asthmatics with bronchial sensitivity to Dp. In 18 patients, aluminiumhydroxide was added to the Dp-extract to give a depot effect (Dp-group). Nineteen patients were treated with a similar extract in which allergenicity had been reduced by coupling to monomethoxy-polyethylene glycol (mPEG-Dp-group). This extract had previously been shown to have less effect on clinical symptoms and skin sensitivity compared to the Dp-extract. In the Dp- and mPEG-Dp-groups, 778 and 675 injections were administered. Fifteen and 12 patients in the Dp- and mPEG-Dp-groups had systemic reactions (P 〉 0.05). The frequency of injections giving systemic reactions was reduced in the mPEG-Dp-group: 5.1 % compared to 9.0% in the Dp-group (P 〈 0.01). In the mPEG-Dp-group, reactions were mild to moderate, mainly late-occurring asthma and urticaria, whereas two episodes of anaphylaxis and four of severe asthma occurred in the Dp-group. The reduction in side effects seems promising, but a further dose increase in the mPEG-Dp-group would be necessary to compare the side effects of doses with equal therapeutic effectiveness. High frequency of late local reactions made dose increase impossible with the present slightly modified extract. The systemic side effects occurred more frequently in patients highly skin test-sensitive to Dp prior to treatment. All patients skin test-positive to: ≤ 100 BU had systemic reactions. Systemic side effects could not be predicted from the size of previous local reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00472.x
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