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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Threshold temperatures of diencephalic neurons responding to scrotal warming (1984)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 400 (1984), S. 418-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Temperature-responsive neuron ; Hypothalamus ; Thalamus ; Scrotal temperature ; Threshold temperature ; Electroencephalogram (EEG)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neurons in the rat's thalamus and hypothalamus abruptly change their firing rates from minimum to maximum, or vice versa, with increase in scrotal temperature of 1°C or less (“switching response”). The threshold temperature of the switching response was compared in pairs of neurons simultaneously recorded from the right and left thalamus or from the right thalamus and the left hypothalamus. In dynamic conditions in which scrotal skin was gradually warmed at rates of 1–7°C/min, the threshold temperatures of each neuron pair differed by only 0.4°C or less. The threshold temperatures of static responses of each pair of neurons, which was determined with step changes in scrotal temperature, fell in a range less than 0.8°C. Scrotal wariming produced desynchronization of cortical EEG which was monitored during unit recordings. The change in EEG occurred at about the same scrotal temperature at which the switching responses of the diencephalic neurons were elicited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587543
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Projection of scrotal thermal afferents to the preoptic and hypothalamic neurons in rats (1979)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 380 (1979), S. 59-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Preoptic area ; Hypothalamus ; Thermoregulation ; Temperature-sensitive neuron ; Scrotal thermal afferents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Effects of thermal stimulation (18–41.5°C) of the scrotum were observed on neurons in the preoptic area and hypothalamus (POHY) in anesthetized rats. Changes in firing rate of POHY neurons occurred, with three exceptions, within the scrotal temperature range of 30–41°C. There was no dynamic response and little or no sign of rapid adaptation. Out of 46 warm-sensitive neurons, 34 increased and 9 decreased in firing rate with a rise in scrotal temperature. Out of 26 cold-sensitive neurons, 19 were excited and 4 were suppressed by scrotal cooling. The 3 exceptions were excited by scrotal warming above 36°C, and were also excited by cooling below 30°C. Out of 54 thermally-insensitive neurons, 16 were excited by scrotal warming, 7 by cooling and 2 by warming and cooling. The scrotal temperature change needed to produce full change in POHY neuronal activity varied from less than 1°C to 7°C, and was usually less than 4°C. Thermal stimulation of either half of the scrotum had identical influence on the same POHY neuron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582613
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic response of preoptic and hypothalamic neurons to scrotal thermal stimulation in rats (1983)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 396 (1983), S. 23-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Preoptic area ; Hypothalamus ; Temperature-sensitive neuron ; Scrotal temperature ; Dynamic response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Activities of preoptic and anterior hypothalamic (POAH) neurons were recorded in anesthetized rats in response to serotal thermal stimulation. Thirteen out of 54 neurons responsive to changes of scrotal temperature (T ser) showed dynamic responses. Four of these neurons increased and 3 neurons decreased their firing rates responding dynamically to warming but not to cooling. Six other neurons were inhibited by scrotal cooling only. These dynamic responses were produced even by temperature changes as slow as 2 C/min and only when the scrotum was warmed or cooled in theT ser range above 35° C. These dynamic responses are suggested to be a result of signal processing in supraspinal structures including POAH itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00584693
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of central warm-sensitive neurons and the tail vasomotor response in rats during brain and scrotal thermal stimulation (1984)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 400 (1984), S. 222-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Warm-sensitive neuron ; Preoptic and hypothalamic area ; Scrotum ; Tail vasodilation ; Thermoregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of preoptic and hypothalamic thermal stimulation on tail skin temperature were observed at different scrotal temperatures. The threshold hypothalamic temperature for tail vasodilation at a scrotal temperature of 40°C was significantly lower than that at a scrotal temperature of either 25°C or 33°C. The effects of scrotal thermal stimulation on tail skin vasodilated by higher hypothalamic temperatures were observed. Cooling the scrotum from 42 to 30°C invariably caused a rapid fall in tail temperature, whereas scrotal cooling from 30 to 25°C did not cause any significant change. Cooling of either the left or right half of the scrotum caused a similar fall in tail temperature. The temperature characteristics of the preoptic hypothalamic thermo-sensitive neurons were determined at scrotal temperatures of 32, 36 and 26°C. The firing rate of warm-sensitive neurons at a given hypothalamic temperature was highest at a scrotal temperature of 36°C, while that of cold-sensitive neurons was lowest at that temperature. The scrotal temperature range over which the number of neurons activated by scrotal warming increased rapidly was between 36 and 39°C when hypothalamic temperature was held at 36–37°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00581551
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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