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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modified Micro-Dumas Procedure for Determining Nitrogen (1956)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 28 (1956), S. 1193-1194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60115a040
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gravimetric/FT-IR apparatus for the study of vapor sorption on clay films (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 1091-1092 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An apparatus was built to collect simultaneous gravimetric and Fourier transform infrared sorption/desorption data on self-supporting clay films in a controlled-environment cell. This apparatus enables the masses of several sorbed species to be continuously monitored in situ. Its primary purpose is to characterize physisorption and chemisorption of arenes on clays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144468
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and Characterization of Multiple Tachykinin Immunoreactivities in Bovine Retina: Evidence for the Presence of a Putative Oxidative Inactivation System for Substance P (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 53 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Tachykinin immunoreactivity has been quantified and characterized in extracts of bovine retinae by combining radioimmunoassay, gel permeation chromatography, and reverse-phase HPLC. Using an antiserum specific for the C-terminal hexapeptide amide of substance P, levels of 3.43 ± 0.33 ng g−1 and 12.45 ± 0.76 ng g−1 (mean ± SD, n = 5) were measured in extracts prepared by acidified ethanol and boiling 0.5 M acetic acid, respectively. Levels of neurokinin A immunoreactivity, assayed using an antiserum cross-reacting with neurokinin A (100%), neurokinin B (50%), neuropeptide K (85%), and substance P (〈0.1%) were 12.46 ± 0.47 ng g−1 and 7.20 ± 0.37 ng g−1 in the same extracts. Gel permeation chromatography identified a single substance P immunoreactant eluting with substance P standard, whereas two neurokinin A immunoreactants were resolved eluting with neuropeptide K and neurokinin A standards. Reverse-phase HPLC analysis resolved immunoreactivity eluting with substance P, neurokinin A, neuropeptide K, and neurokinin B and their respective methionine sulphoxides. The amount of immunoreactive material co-eluting with the respective sulphoxides was higher in acidified ethanol extracts, and sub stance P was most susceptible to oxidative modification. Subsequent incubation of synthetic substance P with dispersed bovine retinal cells resulted in rapid conversion to three metabolites identified and isolated by reverse-phase HPLC. Each had an amino acid composition identical to that of substance P, and the major product had the same retention time as substance P sulphoxide. Deamidation was ruled out on the basis of the unequivocal demonstration of both glutamine residues and a methionine amide residue on each metabolite. These data demonstrate the presence of the mammalian tachykinins substance P, neurokinin A, neurokinin B, and neuropeptide K in the bovine retina. The susceptibility of substance P to methionine oxidation has been confirmed by incubation with dispersed retinal cells, and this putative inactivation system may be of physiological relevance within the retina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb08551.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Issues of Assessment of Pain and Discomfort in Neonates (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 24 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pain assessment in neonates often presents problems. The problem of inadequate or inaccurate assessment is complicated by issues related to the nature, consistency, and variability of the infant's physiologic and behavioral responses; the reliability, validity, specificity, sensitivity, and practicality of existing neonatal pain measures or measurement approaches; ethical questions about pain research in infants; and uncertainty about the responsibilities of health care professionals in managing pain in clinical settings. Despite these many issues, neonates need to be comfortable and as free of pain as possible to grow and develop normally. Valid and reliable assessment of pain is the major prerequisite for attaining this goal. Issues embodied in neonatal pain responses, measurement, ethical, and clinical considerations are explored. Suggestions for resolving some of these problems are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1995.tb02570.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multidimensional Pain Assessment in Premature Neonates: A Pilot Study (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 22 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: To describe the physiologic and behavioral responses of premature neonates to a painful stimulus.Design: Descriptive.Setting: Secondary-level neonatal unit in a large metropolitan university teaching hospital.Participants: Forty neonates between 32 and 34 weeks' postconceptual age and less than 5 days' postnatal age.Main Outcome Measures: Physiologic (heart rate, oxygen saturation, and intracranial pressure) and behavioral (facial expression and cry) outcomes observed during a routine heel stick.Results: Physiologic responses were significant, but were not specific to pain. Behavioral responses were more promising and indicated that premature neonates were capable of responding in a manner similar to full-term neonates.Conclusions: Premature neonates are capable of expressing their pain in a manner similar to healthy, full-term neonates. Factors that alter this response were not clearly delineated. Further research is needed to determine more precise patterns of response in this age group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1993.tb01838.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The epidermal nerve fibre network: characterization of nerve fibres in human skin by confocal microscopy and assessment of racial variations (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: As a first line of defence, the skin is equipped with a complex and interactive nerve fibre system to detect irritants and maintain homeostasis. The dermal component of this fibre network has been well characterized and fibres are known to extend throughout the viable epidermis as free nerve endings. To date, this epidermal component remains poorly characterized. We have visualized human volar forearm epidermal nerve fibres by laser-scanning confocal microscopy using the pan-neuronal marker, protein gene-product 9.5 and specific antibodies to substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide and nerve growth factor. In addition to the varicose free nerve endings, there is a 3-D fibre network in normal human epidermis, with frequent branching of fibres. Branching can be seen to converge on a central trunk apparently extending to the dermis. Thin unmyelinated fibres can be seen in all layers of the viable epidermis. Substance P staining is rarely observed and is much less intense than the protein gene-product 9.5 staining. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and nerve growth factor were not detected in volar forearm epidermis by this method.Pretreatment of the skin in vivo with the neuropharmacological agent, capsaicin, resulted in loss of epidermal fibre staining indicating that these are sensory fibres of the primary C-afferent type. Epidermal innervation in racial and ethnic skin types was also assessed. No apparent difference in innervation was observed between European caucasian and Japanese/Chinese skin at the architectural or biochemical level, i.e. the presence, properties and biochemical content of fibres was similar in all cases tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.18001893.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical characterization of Al/Si ohmic contacts to heavily boron doped polycrystalline diamond films (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 2535-2541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mesa etched transmission line model (TLM) test structures with different contact lengths have been fabricated on heavily boron doped polycrystalline diamond films. The behavior of the contact and contact end resistance measurements can be fully explained using the TLM. No influence of the grain size on the contact resistivity has been observed. High surface boron doping concentrations led to low contact resistivities, in agreement with numerical calculations. Annealing of Al/Si–diamond contacts at 450 °C in N2 leads to lower contact resistivities due the formation of SiC at the metal–diamond interface. The temperature dependence of the specific contact resistivity can be described well with a tunneling model before annealing. After annealing no useful fit is possible, indicative of the fact that the SiC interface layer acts as defect layer. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361119
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE DISTRIBUTION OF NEUROPHYSINS AND POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES IN THE PORCINE NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 31 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Specific, homologous porcine neurophysin I and II radioimmunoassays were established together with specific oxytocin and vasopressin radioimmunoassays. The levels of each of these proteins and peptides were measured in acid extracts of individual paraventricular nuclei, supraoptic nuclei, neurohypophyseal stalks and posterior pituitary lobes of 12 pigs in order to quantitate the neurophysin-hormone relationships in the porcine neurohypophyseal system. Neurophysin III was found to be immunologically identical to neurophysin I. Neurophysin measurements by radioimmunoassay were quantitatively validated by scanning densitometry of polyacrylamide gels stained with 0.5% amido schwarz.In the hypothalamic nuclei vasopressin was in 3–4 M excess of oxytocin but in the neurohypophyseal stalk and posterior pituitary lobe the hormones were equimolar suggesting that the rate of formation of vasopressin differs from that of oxytocin. Neurophysin I immunoreactivity was present in a 3:1 molar ratio with neurophysin II throughout the porcine neurohypophyseal system. In posterior pituitary lobes total neurophysins were equimolar to total hormone concentrations. The specific activity (pmol/mg extracted protein) of oxytocin increased 1800 times, vasopressin 560 times and neurophysins about 360 times from the paraventricular nucleus to the posterior pituitary lobe. In the hypothalamic nuclei relationships between immunoreactive neurophysin I and vasopressin, and between neurophysin II and oxytocin were highly significant. In the posterior pituitary lobe each immunoreactive neurophysin level correlated with both hormone levels. Quantification of densitometric scans of stained polyacrylamide gels from neurophypophyseal extracts and immunoreactivity patterns of neurophysins in eluates of sliced, duplicate gels indicated that neurophysin III decreased distally within the neurohypophyseal tract while neurophysin I increased. The results demonstrated that vasopressin was associated with porcine neurophysin I. However, oxytocin may be associated with both immunoreactive neurophysin I and neurophysin II in the porcine neurohypophyseal system if a 1:1 molar ratio of neurophysin to hormone is to be maintained. Neurophysin III contributed to the stoichiometry of this relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb00120.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge transport in heavily B-doped polycrystalline diamond films (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 595-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Temperature-dependent conductivity and Hall measurements have been carried out on heavily in situ B-doped polycrystalline diamond films in a temperature range from ∼100 to 750 K. The slope of the conductivity is clearly non-Arrhenius leading to a pronounced tail at low temperatures. Carrier transport at low temperatures is dominated by variable range hopping. The activation energy decreases with increasing doping concentration and the most heavily doped diamond films show metallic behavior above room temperature. Hole carrier concentrations up to 1.8×1021 cm−3 were measured in agreement with secondary-ion-mass spectroscopy investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111088
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemisorption of p-dimethoxybenzene on copper-montmorillonite (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 7 (1991), S. 289-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00050a015
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