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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correction. Preparative Thin-Layer Chromatography and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry of Crude Oil Carboxylic Acids. (1969)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 41 (1969), S. 1422-1422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60280a047
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computerized pattern recognition applied to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry identification of pentafluoropropionyl dipeptide methyl esters (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 51 (1979), S. 1732-1738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50047a034
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of grain boundaries in silicon solar cells (1986)
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 69 (1986), S. 445-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Eine Bikristall-Teststruktur, die aus SILSO-Solarzellenmaterial herauspräpariert worden ist, wurde unter elektrischer Anregung untersucht. Messungen des Gleichstrom-Leitwertes am Spannungs-Nullpunkt bei niedriger Temperatur (200 K) zeigen, daß die Höhe der Potentialbarriere der Korngrenze mit wachsender elektrischer Anregung unter ihren Gleichgewichtswert absinkt. Genaue numerische Bestimmung der Barrierenhöhe führt jedoch auf Probleme, die mit der Planargeometrie der Teststruktur zusammenhängen. Im Hinblick auf ihre leichte Verwendbarkeit bei den folgenden Auswertungen werden untere und obere Grenzen für die räumliche Tiefe der elektrischen Anregung innerhalb der Teststruktur angenommen. Diese Grenzen definieren einen Bereich, für den man gesicherte Werte der Höhe der Potentialbarriereψ gb bestimmen kann. Der Gleichgewichtswert der Barrierenhöheψ gb beträgt 0,24 V, der sich auf 0,1V und weniger im Falle von Ladungsträger-Injektion über die Korngrenze hinweg erniedrigt.
    Notes: Contents A bicrystal test structure prepared from SILSO solar cell material was investigated under electrical excitation. Measurements of the DC zero bias conductance at a low temperature (200 K) gives evidence that the barrier height of the grain boundary decreases from an equilibrium value with growing excitation. Correct numerical determination of the barrier height, however, involves problems arising from the planar geometry of the test structure. In view of a simple applicability minimum and maximum values for the depth of excitation within the test structure are assumed. That defined a range within which reliable data of barrier heightψ gb at the grain boundary have been determined. The equilibrium value of barrier heightψ gb results in a value of 0.24 V, which is lowered to 0.1 V and less by carrier injection across the grain boundary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01573890
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of grain boudaries in silicon solar cells (1987)
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 70 (1987), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Ausgangspunkt für die Bestimmung der Zustandsdichte und der Energieverteilung von Korngrenzen-Zuständen sind die Ergebnisse für die Höhe der Potentialbarriere an den Korngrenzen von Solarzellenmaterial. Die Barrierenhöhe ist dabei aus Messungen des Gleichstrom-Leitwertes am Spannungs-Nullpunkt von Bikristall-Teststrukturen gewonnen worden. Bei dieser Bestimmung der Energieverteilung der Zustandsdichte von Korngrenzen-Zuständen handelt es sich um eine spektroskopische Methode, die den Gesamtverlauf in diskontinuierlichen Stufen beschreibt. Dabei ergibt sich, daß die Zustandsdichte in der Mitte der Verbotenen Zone unter die Nachweisgrenze sinkt und in Richtung der Leitungsbandkante bis auf Werte von 1012 cm−2 eV−1 ansteigt. Die hier erhaltene Energieverteilung von Korngrenzen-Zuständen wurde durch Modellrechnungen für vorgegebene Zustandsverteilungen bestätigt. Für das Verhältnis der Einfangquerschnitte findet man 1≦C p C n ≦10. Anhand zusätzlicher Modellrechnungen kann gezeigt werden, daß die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungsmethode numerisch abgesichert und eindeutig sind.
    Notes: Contents Proceeding from the results for the barrier height of a grain boundary in solar cell material evaluated from the measurement of the zero bias conductance at a bicrystal test structure the density of grain boundary states and their distribution in energy have been determined. The method is a spectroscopic one and yields a steplike energy distribution. In accordance with theoretical calculations simulating typical energy distributions of the states we find, that the density of states in the middle of the gap is negligible and increases towards the conduction band edge to values of about 1012 cm−2 V−1. The capture cross section ratio is found to range from 1≦C p C n ≦10. The method is proved to yield definite and unambiguous results by means of additional model calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01572102
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of dextromethorphan metabolizer phenotype in healthy volunteers (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 315-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dextromethorphan ; pharmacogenetics ; debrisoquin ; metabolizer phenotype ; Caucasians
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The dextromethorphan metabolizer phenotype in 450 healthy volunteers (299 men, 151 women) was determined after oral administration of a 15 mg dose. In 8 h-postdose urine samples the ratio of dextrorphan (DOP) to dextromethorphan (DMP) was measured by HPLC. Urinary excretion of DMP and DOP within 8 h after the dose varied greatly between individuals, ranging from 0–11% and 0.04–100% of dose, respectively. In 143 test subjects the fraction of the dose of DMP in urine was below the detection limit. In the remaining 307 volunteers the metabolic ratio (MR) of DOP to DMP varied from 0.07 to 2906. In 404 test subjects the MR was 〉10 and they were classified as extensive metabolizers (90% of the entire group). Of the entire group 5% had MRs of 1–10 and 〈1, respectively. Depending on the limit for classification of poor metabolizers, their frequency was 5–10% in the Caucasian population studied. The present data are in agreement with previous findings that the oxidative metabolic polymorphisms of debrisoquin and DMP co-segregate; the frequency of the PM phenotype of dextromethorphan in Caucasian populations varies between 5 and 10%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558166
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of canrenone after oral administration of spironolactone and intravenous injection of canrenoate-K in healthy man (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 449-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: canrenone ; pharmacokinetics ; plasma level ; bioavailability ; urinary excretion ; spironolactone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five healthy male volunteers received canrenoate-K 200 mg (Sincomen® pro injectione) by intravenous injection and one week later spironolactone 200 mg (Sincomen®-100) orally. Plasma levels and urinary excretion of unchanged canrenone were determined up to 24 h by a specific HPLC method. Following intravenous administration, the maximum plasma level of 2066±876 ng/ml was found after 29±15 min and thereafter the concentration declined with a half-life of 3.7±1.2 h. Total clearance was 4.2±1.7 ml/min·kg. After oral ingestion, the maximum concentration of 177±33 ng/ml was observed at 4.4±0.9 h. The absolute bioavailability of canrenone was 25±9%. Within 24 h, respectively 0.4 and 0.6 mg, canrenone were excreted by the kidney after intravenous and oral administration. The half-life of elimination was 4.9±1.8 h (i.v.) and 3.9±1.2 h (p.o.).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of the new aldosterone antagonist, spirorenone, in healthy volunteers after single and repeated daily doses (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: spirorenone ; pharmacokinetics ; aldosterone antagonist ; active metabolite ; absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentrations of spirorenone in two groups of male volunteers have been determined after single and 14 daily doses of spirorenone 10 and 40 mg. Independent of the dose and pretreatment, spirorenone was absorbed with a half-life of 20–30 min, achieving maximum concentrations of about 100 ng/ml (10 mg) and 260 ng/ml (40 mg) after 1–2 h. Disposition of the parent drug was biphasic with half-lives of 50–60 min (distribution) and 5–6 h (elimination). Neither significant accumulation nor enzyme induction were observed after prolonged treatment. In one test subject given spirorenone 40 mg, the concentration of an active metabolite, 1,2-dihydrospirorenone, was measured. This compound accumulated considerably after multiple dosing and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve increased from 16 to 52% relative to that of spirorenone itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00543796
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of acetylator phenotype in Caucasians with caffeine (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 525-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: caffeine ; acetylation polymorphism ; age dependency ; Caucasians
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acetylator status in 595 healthy Caucasian volunteers was determined with caffeine. The test group consisted of 372 males and 223 females, 18 to 78 years of age. 312 volunteers were smokers. Caffeine was taken orally as Coffein Comprette (200 mg caffeine × H2O) and urine was collected for 8 h. The metabolic ratio (MR) of 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-1-methyluracil (AFMU) to 1-methyl-xanthine (MX) was determined by HPLC. In total 61.7% of the group had a MR〈0.48 and were classified as slow acetylators. MR varied from 0.01 to 0.47 in the slow acetylators and from 0.48 to 4.7 in the fast acetylator group. Clear dependence of acetylator type upon age, sex or smoking behaviour was not observed. The present study has confirmed the caffeine test as a feasible tool to determine acetylation capacity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558136
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modified DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from E.coli infected with bacteriophage T"4
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 30 (1968), S. 240-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(68)90441-5
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical model for chemical differentiation at high pressure phase transitions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physica B+C 139-140 (1986), S. 825-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4363
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-4363(86)90711-4
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