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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A low-temperature total electron yield detector for x-ray absorption fine structure spectra (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 3667-3669 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A design of a total electron yield detector to collect x-ray absorption fine structure spectra between 80 K and room temperature is described. In addition, a three-stage goniometer setup has been incorporated into the detector to facilitate manipulation of the sample. The results of simple linearity checks to investigate the detector's electrical performance are presented. Finally, the detector's thermal stability is discussed. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144489
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Deconvolution of 3d transition metal L-edge EXAFS and magnetic EXAFS signals : The 9th National conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3365-3365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Due to the closely overlapping L-edge EXAFS regions for the ferromagnetic 3d metals, their analyses have not generally been attempted. Similarly, although analysis of L-edge magnetic EXAFS (MEXAFS) is desirable because of the enhanced amplitude of the signal compared to K-edge MEXAFS, such experiments on the ferromagnetic 3d metals have also not been attempted. In order to address this problem, we describe the use of an iterative Van Cittert deconvolution approach to isolate the LIII-edge from the LII-edge EXAFS and MEXAFS signals for Fe, Co and Ni thin films. The deconvoluted LIII-edge EXAFS data are in agreement with theoretically generated LIII-edge data, thus demonstrating the validity of this approach. Results from the deconvolution of the MEXAFS data also qualitatively agree with previously published MEXAFS data on the same elements at the K-edge. The results for the Fe EXAFS and MEXAFS data will be presented here. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147359
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Direct observation of Cr magnetic order in CoCrTa and CoCrPt thin films (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 1002-1004 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Magnetic circular dichroism measurements of room temperature, sputter deposited Co86Cr12Ta2 and Co86Cr12Pt2 films were performed to investigate the local magnetic ordering of the Co and Cr atoms. The results demonstrate that the Cr has a net magnetic moment and that a small fraction of the Cr is magnetically oriented opposite to the Co moment. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364193
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structure and magnetism in fcc magnetic transition metals on (001) diamond (abstract) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5622-5622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We have prepared single crystal face centered cubic (fcc) magnetic transition metal films (Co,Ni,Fe) on (001) diamonds, the thickness of the films varying between a few tenths of a nanometer to over 100 nm. The crystalline quality and fourfold symmetry of these layers was monitored in situ during the film growth with RHEED and a chemical analysis was performed using Auger spectroscopy. In addition, the structure of the samples was investigated ex situ using X-ray diffraction and EXAFS, demonstrating the single crystal, fcc (001) structure throughout each entire film. The magnetic characterization was performed with Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) hysteresis loops. The saturation magnetization of the Co films is only slightly lower than the literature values. The coercive fields are very small (∼25 Oe) and the magnetization reversal very sharp. The FMR yielded a fourfold anisotropy comparable to literature values. The observation of the first standing spinwaves underlines the good quality. The Ni films are tetragonally distorted due to the 1.2% mismatch. The FMR data indicate a significant perpendicular anisotropy slightly smaller than 4πM, the fourfold in-plane anisotropy being comparable to the bulk value. The saturation magnetization is reduced by 30% compared to bulk values, probably due to nickel-carbide which was observed in the XRD data from some samples. Neither the in-plane 〈110〉 nor the in-plane 〈100〉 axis show an easy axis behavior and both require fields in excess of 6000 Oe to saturate, the coercive fields being about 200 Oe. The RHEED patterns of the Fe films show single crystal growth with a lattice constant comparable to diamond, indicating an fcc structure. A similar structural and magnetic characterization of these films will also be presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361849
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structural investigation of the initial interface region formed by thin zirconium films on silicon (111) (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 4630-4635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A structural study of the initial interface region formed by zirconium on silicon (111) was undertaken. Thin films (100 A(ring)) of zirconium were deposited in ultrahigh-vacuum conditions onto atomically, clean silicon (111) wafers and annealed in situ at 25 °C intervals between 300 and 425 °C, over which range Auger spectroscopy indicated silicon diffusion to the surface. Structural characterization of the evolving interface was performed primarily via extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements. Results indicate that a major structural rearrangement takes place between 350 and 375 °C. EXAFS fitting analysis reveals this transition to be from a disordered-intermixed phase to a more ordered state having interatomic distances closely resembling those of ZrSi, but lower coordination numbers. Ordering continues with progressively higher annealing temperatures until the interface region assumes the ZrSi structure at ∼425 °C. The results are discussed in terms of the free energy and strain of the interface film.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357299
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure studies of heat-treated fcc-Fe50Cu50 powders processed via high-energy ball milling : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM)-intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6322-6324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The local structure and chemistry of a ferromagnetic fcc-Fe50Cu50 solid solution obtained through high-energy ball milling were measured before and after heat-treatment-induced decomposition using extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure measurements. The decomposition is first evident with the phase separation of α-Fe after a heat treatment at 523 K. Analysis of the residual fcc component revealed that the Fe atoms were predominantly surrounded by other Fe atoms, suggesting that the Fe has coalesced within the fcc structure. The Fe atoms within the fcc phase likely exist in low-spin clusters which provide an explanation for the reduced values of low-temperature magnetization previously measured in annealed samples [P. Crespo et al., Phys. Rev. B 48, 7134 (1993)].
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358254
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of Ta and Pt in segregation within Co-Cr-Ta and Co-Cr-Pt thin film magnetic recording media : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5345-5347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Polarization dependent extended x-ray absorption fine structure (PD-EXAFS) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) measurements of CoCrTa and CoCrPt films, sputter deposited at varying substrate temperatures, were performed to investigate the average local structure and chemistry about the Ta, Pt, and Co atoms and the average magnetic moment of the Co and Cr atoms within these films. Results from the MCD measurements indicate the average net magnetic moment of the Cr atoms is opposite in direction and five percent in amplitude relative to the Co moments. Inspection of the Fourier transforms of the XAFS data from these samples shows an increase in structural disorder around the Ta and Pt atoms with increasing substrate deposition temperature. A further comparison between the Ta and Pt edge EXAFS results show that the temperature-dependent increase in structural disorder is greater around the Ta atoms in the CoCrTa system than it is around the Pt atoms in the CoCrPt system. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361372
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Giant magnetic effects in the L-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure of 3d transition metals : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6493-6495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A systematic extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) study at the L edges of ferromagnetic Fe, Co, and Ni thin films has been conducted using circular polarized soft x rays. A very large helicity dependence has been observed in the L-edge EXAFS spectra. Surprisingly, in contradiction with prior works, these magnetic EXAFS results indicate a nonlinear dependence of this effect on the magnetic polarization of the scattering atom. The data further indicate that the dominant scattering paths responsible for the effect are different from those responsible for EXAFS. A discussion of the results in relation to the present understanding of the underlying mechanism and its ramifications to the existing theoretical frameworks is also presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361980
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polarization-dependent extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements of metastable fcc Co on (100) diamond (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 3389-3391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Polarization-dependent extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements have been made on a single-crystal 1000 A(ring) thick Co film deposited on (100) diamond. By comparing the EXAFS signals corresponding to the in-plane and out-of-plane structure relative to the film plane, we clearly illustrate that the film exists in the face centered cubic (fcc) phase. An analysis of the first shell Fourier transform peaks for the in-plane and out-of-plane structure surrounding the Co atoms indicates that the majority of the fcc Co crystal lattice is not distorted, demonstrating that the majority of film is relaxed and not pseudomorphic. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116513
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preferential site distribution of dilute Pt and Ta in CoCr-based films: An extended x-ray absorption fine structure study (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 2912-2917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements of Co78Cr22, Co86Cr12Ta2, and Co86Cr12Pt2 films were made to investigate the local structure and chemistry around Ta and Pt atoms to determine their site distributions in these alloys. Comparisons between the measured data and data collected from experimental standards and calculated using theoretical EXAFS simulation codes indicate that the Ta atoms are preferentially distributed to the Cr-enriched regions of the CoCr media, and the Pt atoms have an effect on the local environment of the Co atoms. Both Ta and Pt introduce a large amount of local structural disorder to the local environments in which they reside. The presence of Ta atoms in the Cr-enriched regions further reduces the magnetization of these regions, which enhances the magnetic isolation of the Co regions from each other. This helps improve the noise characteristics of the films. The portion of the Pt atoms residing in the Co-enriched regions increases the magnetic anisotropy of the films, thereby increasing their coercivity. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366124
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