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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cutaneous responses to substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide in chronic urticaria: the effect of cetirizine and dimethindene (1999)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Neuropeptides appear to participate in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cutaneous responses to substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in delayed pressure urticaria patients (DPUpt) and chronic idiopathic urticaria patients (CIUpt) compared to healthy adults (HA), and also to evaluate the effect of H1-antagonists on these responses. Methods: Wheal (W) and flare (F) reactions to intradermally (ID) injected SP, CGRP, histamine (H), and diluent controls were evaluated in nine CIUpt, nine DPUpt, and nine HA at 3, 7, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min after injection. Maximal W and F, area under curve (AUC), and time of W and F disappearance were calculated at baseline and 4 h after a single dose of 20 mg cetirizine (Ce), 4 mg dimethindene (Di), or placebo (P), in a double-blind, placebo-controlled (DBPC), crossover, randomized study. Results: CIUpt exhibited enhanced and longer lasting W reactions to SP and CGRP (AUC: P〈0.05) than HA; SP- and CGRP-induced F (at maximal concentration) were larger and longer lasting in CIUpt than in HA (P〈0.003 and P=0.004, respectively). In the DPU group, SP-induced W and F responses were intermediate in magnitude compared to CIUpt and HA. In HA, SP-induced flares were significantly suppressed only by Ce (P〈0.020), while both Ce and Di affected SP-induced W and F in the two patient groups (P〈0.05). CGRP-induced flare inhibition by the two H1-antagonists was also greater in the urticaria patient groups than in HA. Conclusions: CIUpt and, to a lesser extent, DPUpt showed enhanced SP- and CGRP-induced W and F reactions. CGRP elicited an immediate W and F response, followed by prolonged erythema. H1-antagonists partially affected W and F reactions to SP and only the F response induced by CGRP; this effect was more pronounced in the urticaria patient groups than in HA. Overall, W and F cutaneous responses to SP were suppressed to a greater extent by Ce than Di.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00726.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollen-related allergy in Europe (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The increasing mobility of Europeans for business and leisure has led to a need for reliable information about exposure to seasonal airborne allergens during travel abroad. Over the last 10 years or so, aeropalynologic and allergologic studies have progressed to meet this need, and extensive international networks now provide regular pollen and hay-fever forecasts. Europe is a geographically complex continent with a widely diverse climate and a wide spectrum of vegetation. Consequently, pollen calendars differ from one area to another; however, on the whole, pollination starts in spring and ends in autumn. Grass pollen is by far the most frequent cause of pollinosis in Europe. In northern Europe, pollen from species of the family Betulaceae is a major cause of the disorder. In contrast, the mild winters and dry summers of Mediterranean areas favor the production of pollen types that are rarely found in central and northern areas of the continent (e.g., the genera Parietaria, Olea, and Cupressus). Clinical and aerobiologic studies show that the pollen map of Europe is changing also as a result of cultural factors (e.g., importation of plants for urban parklands) and greater international travel (e.g., the expansion of the ragweed genus Ambrosia in France, northern Italy, Austria, and Hungary). Studies on allergen-carrying paucimicronic or submicronic airborne particles, which penetrate deep into the lung, are having a relevant impact on our understanding of pollinosis and its distribution throughout Europe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03932.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the prevalence of skin prick test positivity to Alternaria and Cladosporium in patients with suspected respiratory allergy (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: D'Amato G, Chatzigeorgiou G, Corsico R, Gioulekas D, Jäger L, Jäger S, Kontou-Fili K, Kouridakis S, Liccardi G, Meriggi A, Palma-Carlos A, Palma-Carlos ML, Pagan Aleman A, Parmiani S, Puccinelli R Russo M, Spieksma FThM, Torricelli R, Wüthrich B. Evaluation of the prevalence of skin prick test positivity to Alternaria and Cladosporium in patients with suspected respiratory allergy. A European multicenter study promoted by the Subcommittee on Aerobiology and Environmental Aspects of Inhalant Allergens of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology.This trial was undertaken to study, in several geographically spread European countries, the prevalence of skin prick test (SPT) positivity to Alternaria (A) and Cladosporium (C) in subjects with nasal and/or bronchial symptoms of suspected allergic cause. Each patient completed an anamnestic questionnaire and underwent SPT with a panel of common inhalant allergens and also A and C supplied by three different laboratories, to allow for manufacturer bias. Specific scrum IgE determination was carried out only in subjects with SPT positivity to A and/or C with an immunoassay system. In nine European allergology centers, a total of 877 subjects was enrolled in the trial; 83 of them showed SPT positivity to A and/or C; only nine patients showed monosensitization to A, and none to C The highest percentage of positive subjects was found in Spain (20%); the lowest in Portugal (3%). In the other seven centers, the variation was 7–10%. The age range of mold-positive subjects was 5–60 years. Rhinitis was by far the most common symptom, whether associated or not with asthma and/or conjunctivitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb01227.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical advantages of dual activity in urticaria (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Urticaria is a common disorder that adversely affects quality of life; work-related and recreational activities are restricted, while rest, sleep, and emotions are seriously disturbed in a significant proportion of patients. The pathogenic mechanisms vary, but cutaneous mast-cell activation with release of histamine and other vasoactive or proinflammatory mediators is thought to be the final common pathway for lesion induction in most cases. A subsequent, but incompletely understood, late-phase allergic reaction seems to prolong the inflammatory process, particularly in certain chronic forms of the disorder. Although histamine is considered an important mediator of urticaria, additional substances, including the cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTs), are putative mediators of the immediate urticarial responses and the inflammatory events that follow in some types of urticaria. A second-generation antihistamine, mizolastine, which exhibits dual activity with selective H1-receptor antagonism and, as shown in animal studies, anti-5-lipoxygenase activity, represents an advance in the treatment of urticaria. It has rapid, potent and sustained action. At the recommended 10-mg dose, mizolastine suppresses the histamine-induced wheal reaction as early as 1 h after oral administration. Compared to placebo, mizolastine significantly reduces overall patient discomfort and pruritus in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. Double-blind, placebo-controlled studies have also shown mizolastine to be at least as effective as other second-generation antihistamines. Furthermore, with long-term use of mizolastine over 1 year, a reduction in pruritus and the number of urticarial episodes was maintained with no evidence of tachyphylaxis or tolerance. Mizolastine has also been shown to be an effective treatment for cold-induced urticaria, causing significant delay in the whealing response to the ice-cube test and also reducing the wheal diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00804.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical urticaria: classification and diagnostic guidelines (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Kontou-Fili K, Borici-Mazi R, Kapp A, Matjevic LJ, Mitchel FB. Physical urticaria: classification and diagnostic guidelines. An EAACI position paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02593.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The clinical safety of H1-receptor antagonists: An EAACI position paper (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb02109.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhaled and nasal corticosteroids: safety aspects* (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00370.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of histamine-induced skin reactions by loratadine and cetirizine diHCl (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 617-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cetirizine ; loratadine ; histamine skin reactivity ; side-effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The skin reactivity to histamine was measured in 10 healthy and 10 atopic subjects after the ingestion of single doses of loratadine 10 mg, cetirizine diHCl 10 mg and placebo, in a double-blind cross-over randomized study. The anti-H1 effect of cetirizine diHCl proved to be significantly more rapid, more pronounced and longer lasting than that of loratadine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637746
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