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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of endogenous nerve growth factor in human diabetic neuropathy (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 2 (1996), S. 703-707 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Nerve growth factor (NCF) is trophic to sensory and sympathetic fibers1–3. In animal models, NGF is depleted in diabetic nerves4 and NGF deprivation produces hypoalgesia5. Exogenous NGF can reverse some of the pathological changes in diabetic nerves1,6 and NGF excess leads to hyperalgesia5. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0696-703
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disparity between glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and insulin responses in obese man (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 386-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide ; insulin ; obesity ; glucose administration ; fat administration ; hypoglycaemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Studies were carried out in 32 obese patients and 30 normal-weight control subjects to ascertain the response of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and insulin to (1) oral and intravenous glucose (10 obese and 10 control subjects), (2) oral fat and intravenous glucose (eight obese and six control subjects) and (3) mixed test meal (14 obese and 14 control subjects). Basal mean insulin was higher in the obese (99 pmol/l) than in the control group (40 pmol/l), but fasting blood glucose and GIP were not significantly different from normal. The total integrated response of insulin in obese subjects after oral glucose was 54.1 versus 33.3 nmol·l-1·h-1 in control subjects; glucose and GIP responses were similar in both groups. After intravenous glucose the integrated insulin response was 8.8 in the obese versus 5.0 nmol·l-1·h-1 in control subjects; GIP was unaffected by intravenous glucose and glucose levels were similar. Following oral fat and intravenous glucose, insulin secretion was again abnormal in the obese, 24.5 versus 7.3 nmol·l-1·h-1 in controls, but GIP responses were normal. However, the control subjects became hypoglycaemic after this test: blood glucose 2.8 mmol/l at 150 min compared with 4.6 mmol/l in the obese group. The insulin response to a mixed meal was also abnormal in obesity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282515
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that single nucleotide polymorphism in the uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) gene influences fat distribution in women of European and Asian origin (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 1558-1564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Uncoupling protein-3 ; Europeans ; South Indians ; family association ; fat distribution ; body mass index ; Type II diabetes.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Uncoupling proteins are mitochondrial transmembrane carriers implicated in the regulation of energy balance. Dysfunction of UCP3 (the predominant uncoupling protein in skeletal muscle) might therefore be expected to reduce thermogenic capacity, alter energy homeostasis and influence predisposition to obesity and Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. A variant in the putative promoter region of UCP3 (–55 c→t) has recently been identified, and an association with obesity reported in French subjects. Our aim was to study the pathophysiological role of this variant in diabetes-related and obesity-related traits using two distinct ethnic populations. Methods. The –55 c→t variant was genotyped in 85 South Indian and 150 European parent-offspring trios ascertained through Type II diabetic probands and in 455 South Indian subjects initially recruited to an urban survey into the prevalence of diabetes. Results. In South Indian and European parent-offspring trios there was no preferential transmission of either allele at the –55 c→t polymorphism to diabetic offspring (South Indians, p = 0.60; Europeans, p = 0.15). When family members were analysed for intermediate traits, the t-allele was associated with increased waist-to-hip ratio but only in females (South Indian mothers p = 0.036, daughters p = 0.032: European mothers p = 0.037, daughters p = 0.14). These findings were replicated in South Indian females from the population-based survey (p = 0.039). Conclusion/interpretation. The consistent association between the t-allele at this locus and increased waist-to-hip ratio in women from three separate data sets indicates that variation at this polymorphism (or another locus with which it is in linkage disequilibrium) influences fat distribution but that this effect is restricted to females. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 1558–1564]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051569
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An uncoupling protein 2 gene variant is associated with a raised body mass index but not Type II diabetes (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 688-692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Uncoupling protein genes ; obesity ; leptin ; polymorphism.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Linkage between markers close to the uncoupling protein 2 and 3 genes (11q13) and resting metabolic rate and a pre-diabetic phenotype have been found. The syntenic region in mouse has been found to be linked to quantitative traits associated with obesity and diabetes. UCP2 and UCP3 could therefore have an important role in body weight regulation and susceptibility to diabetes. We investigated a recently identified variant of the UCP2 gene in exon 8 as a marker for glucose and weight homeostasis. Methods. Length variation of the UCP2 exon 8 variant was studied by the polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis. Sequence variants of the UCP3 gene were sought by semi-automated DNA sequencing. Results. In 453 South Indian subjects, we found an association in women between the UCP2 exon variant and body mass index (p = 0.018). These findings were replicated in a separate group of South Indian subjects (n = 143, p 〈 0.001) irrespective of sex. Although no association was found between the UCP2 exon 8 variant and overt obesity in British subjects, the UCP2 genotype of obese women (n = 83) correlated with fasting serum leptin concentration (p = 0.006) in the presence of extreme obesity. These observations could not be explained by tight linkage disequilibrium with a coding region variant in the region of the UCP3 gene of biological significance. Lastly, no association was found between UCP2 and Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes using either a family based design (85 families) or case control study (normal glucose tolerance n = 335, impaired glucose tolerance n = 42, Type II diabetes n = 76). Conclusion/interpretation. We have described a UCP2 gene exon 8 variant that may affect susceptibility to weight gain by influencing regulation of leptin. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 688–693]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051216
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain-stem auditory evoked responses in diagnosis of central pontine myelinolysis (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 233 (1986), S. 23-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Central pontine myelinolysis ; Adrenocortical insufficiency ; Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) developed in association with acute adrenocortical insufficiency during correction of severe hyponatraemia in a 58-year-old woman. Repeated CT scanning and NMR imaging were normal from the onset of the illness. Electroencephalography and brainstem auditory evoked responses showed abnormalities consistent with a brain-stem lesion, which resolved as the patient made a gradual but incomplete recovery. Our observations illustrate the value of electrophysiological monitoring in CPM and support the proposed association between this condition and the rapid correction of an electrolyte imbalance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313986
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic contribution of polymorphism of the GLUT1 and GLUT4 genes to the susceptibility to type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in different populations (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 193-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Glucose transporter glycoproteins ; Non-insulin-dependent diabetes ; Genetic polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Polymorphic variation of genes encoding the glucose transporters glycoproteins (GLUT) may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. In this study we evaluated the allele and genotype frequencies of GLUT1 and GLUT4 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), revealed by digestion withXbaI for GLUT1 andKpnI for GLUT4, in Caucasian, Chinese, Japanese, Asian Indian and American black populations. No differences of theKpnI GLUT4 RFLP were found between control and diabetic subjects in any ethnic group or when all data are combined. In contrast, positive results were found for theXbaI RFLP: (1) most ethnic groups showed an association of allele 1 with type 2 diabetes, and this association was maintained when all groups were analysed together; (2) after stratifying for sex and obesity, this association was significant only for overweight/obese women. This joint analysis suggests that GLUT1 polymorphism may contribute to susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in some populations, and especially in overweight/obese women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048542
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic contribution of polymorphism of the GLUT1 and GLUT4 genes to the susceptibility to type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in different populations (1996)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 33 (1996), S. 193-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Glucose transporter glycoproteins ; Non-insulin-dependent diabetes ; Genetic polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Polymorphic variation of genes encoding the glucose transporters glycoproteins (GLUT) may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. In this study we evaluated the allele and genotype frequencies of GLUT1 and GLUT4 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), revealed by digestion with XbaI for GLUT1 and KpnI for GLUT4, in Caucasian, Chinese, Japanese, Asian Indian and American black populations. No differences of the KpnI GLUT 4 RFLP were found between control and diabetic subjects in any ethnic group or when all data are combined. In contrast, positive results were found for the XbaI RFLP: (1) most ethnic groups showed an association of allele 1 with type 2 diabetes, and this association was maintained when all groups were analysed together; (2) after stratifying for sex and obesity, this association was significant only for overweight/obese women. This joint analysis suggests that GLUT1 polymorphism may contribute to susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in some populations, and especially in overweight/obese women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048542
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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