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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 27 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The popularity of tattoos is burgeoning with 20–30 million tattooed individuals in the Western World. Requests for removal can be expected to rise concurrently with increased applications. Laser removal of tattoos is potentially a more cosmetically acceptable method of removing tattoos than surgical excision or dermabrasion. Nevertheless, complications and side-effects can result from laser treatment and include scarring, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, partial removal, infection, bleeding and tattoo ink darkening. The latter has been reported for flesh-toned and red tattoos. Such a complication has never been reported for the laser treatment of a yellow tattoo in the dermatological literature. We describe a case of tattoo ink darkening of a yellow tattoo after treatment with the 532 nm quality-switched Neodymium : Ytrrium-Aluminium Garnet laser to highlight clinicopathological features. The mechanism by which some tattoos darken after laser treatment is not clearly understood. We review darkening of tattoos after laser treatment to raise awareness of this important complication. This paper will help to facilitate discussions with the patient and in obtaining informed consent prior to commencing treatment. Tattoo ink darkening of a yellow tattoo adds to the growing list of complications resulting from attempts at tattoo removal.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 2083-2085 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The carrier recombination rate in GaAs-AlGaAs single quantum well layers is investigated using a small-signal technique for carrier densities from 1017 to 1019/cm3. For carrier densities up to mid 1018/cm3, the inverse of the differential carrier lifetime, 1/τd, increases linearly with the carrier density. The differential rate, however, saturates at higher carrier densities and remains nearly constant for carrier densities higher than 1019/cm3. The deviation from the bulk recombination behavior is due to a portion of the injected carriers populating the semicontinuum states where the rate for the radiative transition is much smaller. The experimental data indicate that the runaway increase of threshold current with decreasing cavity length commonly observed in the short-cavity lasers is mainly due to the loss of carrier confinement at high carrier densities rather than due to fast carrier-depleting processes, such as Auger recombination.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 23 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Synopsis We have previously screened 150 medicinal plants for the inhibition of elastase and found significant inhibitory effects of the extracts of Areca catechu L. on the ageing and inflammation of skin tissues. To isolate and identify the compounds having biological activity, they were further purified by each fraction of solvents, silica gel column chromatography, preparative TLC and reversed-phase HPLC. The peak in HPLC, which coincided with the inhibitory activity against elastase, was identified as a phenolic substance by using various colorimetric methods, UV and IR. IC50 values of this phenolic substance were 26.9 μg mL−1 for porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and 60.8 μg mL−1 for human neutrophil elastase (HNE). This phenolic substance showed more potent activity than that of reference compounds, oleanolic acid (76.5 μg mL−1 for PPE, 219.2 μg mL−1 for HNE) and ursolic acid (31.0 μg mL−1 for PPE, 118.6 μg mL−1 for HNE). According to the Lineweaver–Burk plots, the inhibition against both PPE and HNE by this phenolic substance was competitive inhibition with the substrate. The phenolic substance from A. catechu effectively inhibited hyaluronidase activity (IC50 : 210 μg mL−1 ).These results suggest that the phenolic substance purified from A. catechu has an anti-ageing effect by protecting connective tissue proteins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dordrecht, The Netherlands : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 21 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The inhibitory effects of 150 medicinal plants on elastase activity were investigated. Among the 150 plants, six plant extracts (final concentration 1 mg/ml in methanol) exhibited more than 65% of inhibition of elastase activity. The inhibitory effects of six active plants, including Areca catechu (IC50, 42.4 μg/ml), Cinnamonum cassia (IC50, 208.7 μg/ml), Myristica fragrans (IC50, 284.1 μg/ml), Curcuma longa (IC50, 398.4 μg/ml), Alpinia katsumadai (IC50, 465.7 μg/ml) and Dryopteris cassirrhizoma (IC50, 714.4 μg/ml) on the activity of human leukocyte elastase, hyaluronidase and lipid peroxidation were examined. In the lipid peroxidation assay, using the TBA method, three of the six plants, including Curcuma longa (IC50, 45.5 μg/ml), Areca catechu (IC50, 51.0 μg/ml) and Alpinia katsumadai (IC50, 116.3 μg/ml) exhibited more than 70% inhibition at the concentration of 1 μg/ml, but only one plant, Areca catechu (IC50, 563 μg/ml) showed high inhibitory effect on hyaluronidase activity. The results suggest that medicinal plants showing several biological activities may be potent inhibitors of the anti-ageing process in skin. This property might be useful for application in cosmetics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This paper presents an intelligent system to assist small investors to determine stock trend signals for investment in stock business. A pilot system is built providing three main categories of technical and analysis theories, namely momentum, moving average, and support/resistance line. It has extensive graphic interface design to facilitate the usage of the system. For novice investors, the system is associated with tutoring features and it supports analysis study of the rationale behind some system recommendations. Skilful investors can explore the various theories for the prediction by means of adjusting the weightings, combinations and even some independent variables allocated by the intelligent system. General users can therefore formulate their investment strategies upon system recommendations under different investment criteria accordingly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1372-1374 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The growth, fabrication, and characterization of ultraviolet metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) GaN photodetectors grown on LiGaO2 by molecular-beam epitaxy are reported herein. GaN/LiGaO2 material with dislocation densities of approximately 108 cm−2 and x-ray diffraction (00.4) full width at half maximum of 75 arcsec results in MSMs showing high responsivity, 0.105 A/W, at a reverse bias voltage of 20 V at 308 nm, and low dark currents of 7.88 pA at a 60 V reverse bias. Given the etch selectivity of the GaN/LiGaO2 system and the excellent performance of these devices, GaN device integration onto alternative substrates appears promising. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background Many studies have reported an increase in the prevalence of asthma and related atopic disorders. The lack of standardized methodologies and ‘objective’ measurements make reliable comparison and monitoring of trends of asthma very difficult.Methods In this study, a total of 3321 schoolchildren aged 13–14 years were recruited for study using the Phase III Protocol of the International Study of Asthma and Allergic discase in Childhood (ISAAC). The results were compared with those obtained in the Phase I ISAAC study (1994–95), which used the identical and validated core questionnaires.Results The prevalence rates of physicians' diagnosis of asthma were similar in the two surveys (11.2% and 10.2%), but the prevalence rates of wheeze (written questionnaire) in the past year have decreased from 12.4% in 1994–95 to 8.7% in 2002 (P〈0.001). For the video questionnaire, all asthmatic symptoms in the preceding 12 months were significantly lower in 2002 when compared with those in 1994–95. Among the subjects with diagnosed asthma, the prevalence rates of wheeze in the past 12 months (written questionnaire) has decreased from 39.1% to 27.6% (P〈0.001). The prevalence rates of having wheezing attack at least once per month (video questionnaire) has decreased from 10.5% to 5.6% (P=0.013).Conclusion Using the same standardized and validated ISAAC questionnaire, the prevalence rates of asthma symptoms in Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren have decreased since 1994. The exact reasons for such trend remain to be explored.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Pili are one of the adhesins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that mediate adherence to epithelial cell-surface receptors. The pili of P. aeruginosa strains PAK and PAO were examined and found to bind gangliotetraosyl ceramide (asialo-GM1) and, to a lesser extend, ll3N-acetylneuraminosylgangliotetraosyl ceramide (GM1) in solid-phase binding assays. Asialo-GM1, but not GM1, inhibited both PAK and PAK pili binding to immobilized asialo-GM1 on the microtitre plate. PAO pili competitively inhibited PAK pili binding to asialo-GM1, suggesting the presence of a structurally similar receptor-binding domain in both pilus types. The interaction between asialo-GM1 and pili occurs at the pilus tip as asialo-GM1 coated colloidal gold only decorates the tip of purified pili. Three sets of evidence suggest that the C-terminal disulphide-bonded region of the Pseudomonas pilin is exposed at the tip of the pilus: (i) immunocytochemical studies indicate that P. aeruginosa pili have a basal-tip structural differentiation where the monoclonal antibody (mAb) PK3B recognizes an antigenic epitope displayed only on the basal ends of pili (produced by shearing) while the mAb PK99H, whose antigenic epitope resides in residues 134–140 (Wong et al., 1992), binds only to the tip of PAK pili; (ii) synthetic peptides, PAK(128–144)ox-OH and PAO(128–144)ox-OH, which correspond to the C-terminal disulphide-bonded region of Pseudomonas pilin are able to bind to asialo-GM1 and inhibit the binding of pili to the glycolipid; (iii) PK99H was shown to block PAK pilus binding to asialo-GM1 Monoclonal antibody PK3B had no effect on PAK pili binding to asialo-GM1 Thus, the adherence of the Pseudomonas pilus to glycosphingolipid receptors is a tip-associated phenomenon Involving a tip-exposed C-terminal region of the pilin structural subunit.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The adherence of non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains is believed to be mediated by the pilus, which consists of a single protein subunit of 15000 Oaltons called pilin. Ten antipeptide antisera were raised to map the surface regions of pilin from P. aeruginosa strain K (PAK). Only one of the antipeptide antisera to the eight predicted surface regions failed to react with PAK pili in direct ELISA. Five out of eight synthetic peptides representing the eight predicted surface regions reacted with anti-PAK pilus anti-serum, indicating their surface exposure. Combining the antipeptide and antipilus antisera results, all eight predicted surface regions were demonstrated to be surface-exposed. The PAK 128-144-OH peptide produced the best binding antiserum to PAK pili. Only antipeptide Fab fragments directed against the disulphide bridged C-terminal region of PAK piiin blocked the adherence of pili to human buccal epithelial cells, which suggests that this region contains the receptor-binding domain of the PAK pilus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs pili to mediate adherence to epithelial cell surfaces. The pilus adhesin of P. aeruginosa strains PAK and PAO has been shown to bind to the glycolipid asialo-GM1 (Lee et al., 1994 —accompanying article). PAK and PAO pili were examined for their abilities to bind to the synthetic βGalNAc(1–4)βGal (a minimal structural carbohydrate receptor sequence of asialo-GM1 and asialo-GM2 proposed by Krivan et al., 1988a) using solid-phase binding assays. Both pill specifically bound to βGalNAc(1–4)βGal. The binding of βGal-NAc(1–4)βGal-Biotin to the Immobilized PAK and PAO pili was inhibited by corresponding free pili. The receptor binding domain of the PAK pilus resides in the C-terminal disulphide-looped region (residues 128–144) of the pilin structural subunit (Irvin et al., 1989). Biotinylated synthetic peptides corresponding the C-terminal residues 128–144 of P. aeruginosa PAK and PAO pilin molecules were shown to bind to the βGalNAc(1–4)βGal-(bovine serum albumin (BSA)). The binding of biotinylated peptides to βGalNAc-(1–4)βGal-BSA was inhibited by PAK pili, Ac-KCTSDQDEOFIPKGCSK-OH (AcPAK(128–144)ox-OH) and Ac-ACKSTQDPMFTPKGCDN-OH (AcPAO(128–144)ox-OH) peptides. (In these peptides Ac denotes Nα -acetylation of the N-terminus, -OH means a peptide with a free a-carboxyl group at the C-terminus and the‘ox’denotes the oxidation of the sulphhydryl groups of Cys–129 and Cys–142.) Both acetylated peptides were also able to inhibit the binding of βGalNAc(1–4)βGal-biotin to the corresponding BSA-Peptide(128–144)ox-OH conjugates. The βGlcNAc(1–3)βGal(1–4)βGlc-biotin conjugate was unable to specifically bind to either Immobilized PAK and PAO pili or the respective C-termlnal peptides. The data above demonstrated that the P. aeruginosa pili recognize asialo-GM1 receptor analogue and that βGalNAc(1–4)βGal disaccharlde is sufficient for binding. Furthermore, the binding to βGalNAc(1–4)βGal was mediated by residues 128–144 of the pilin subunit.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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