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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 64 (1992), S. 179-184 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Blood benzene concentration ; Reference value ; Smoking ; Occupation ; Residence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Blood benzene was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in 431 “normal” subjects, subdivided into 155 rural subjects and 276 urban subjects. Blood benzene (mean value 262 ng/l) was significantly lower in rural (200 ng/l) than in urban (296 ng/l) workers, as well as differing significantly between 293 non-smokers and 138 smokers (205 ng/l and 381 ng/l, respectively). Among non-smokers, values were significantly higher (307 ng/l) in 76 chemical workers. In the total study population, in 95% of cases blood benzene was less than 718 ng/l, the 95th percentile being 514 ng/l in non-smokers vs 901 ng/l in smokers and 576 ng/l in rural vs 822 ng/l in urban subjects. Within each population subgroup, the difference between non-smokers and smokers was statistically significant, except among office workers (non-smokers 234 ng/l, smokers 304 ng/l). Blood benzene (y) was directly proportional to the number of cigarettes smoked (x) (y = 201 + 12x; r = 0.44; n = 431), and inversely proportional to the interval between the last cigarette and the time at which the blood sample was taken (z) (log y = 6.167 − 0.0015 z; r = −0.461; n = 135). The blood half-life of benzene was about 8h. The multiple correlation between blood benzene (Cb), number of cigarettes per day (x) and time since the last cigarette (z) is: Cb = 417 + 7.2x − 0.41z (n = 135; R = 0.20; P 〈 0.00001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwischen der Hepatitis C Virus-Infektion (HCV) und gemischter Kryoglobulinämie wurden bemerkenswerte Beziehungen festgestellt. Bei 15 Patienten mit gemischter Kryoglobulinämie wurde daher die Wirkung von alpha- Interferon (α-IFN) auf die HCV-Virämie und die klinischen und serologischen Parameter der Kryoglobulinämie geprüft (zehn Frauen, fünf Männer, mittleres Alter (±SD) 53±7 Jahre). α-IFN wurde während eines Monats täglich in einer Dosis von 2×106 IU und dann fünf Monate lang jeden zweiten Tag verabreicht. Die Kortikosteroiddosen blieben dabei in 14/15 Fällen unverändert. Nach der α-IFN-Therapie war eine signifikante Besserung der Purpura (p〈0,001), der Serumtransaminasen (p〈0,001) und des Kryokrit (p〈0,01) festzustellen. Bei 13/15 Patienten wurde mittels Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) eine HCV-Virämie nachgewiesen. Bei 8/15 fanden sich anti-GOR-Antikörper, die als Zeichen der HCV-assoziierten Autoimmunreaktion zu werten sind. Die HCV-RNA-Spiegel waren nach Behandlung mit α-IFN in fünf Fällen deutlich zurückgegangen und in einem Fall verschwunden. Zu einer änderung der anti-HCV Antikörper (Chiron ELISA und RIBA II) kam es während der sechsmonatigen Behandlung mit α-IFN jedoch nicht. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die Annahme einer ätiopathogenetischen Beziehung zwischen HCV-Infektion und gemischter Kryoglobulinämie. Möglicherweise stellt α-IFN eine gezielte Therapie bei dieser Krankheit dar.
    Notes: Summary Since a striking association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and mixed cryoglobulinemia has been demonstrated, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of alpha-interferon (α-IFN) on HCV viraemia and clinico-serological manifestations of 15 patients (ten female and five male, mean [±SD] age 53±7 years). In 14/15 patients pre-study steroid dosage remained unchanged during treatment. α-IFN was administered at a dose of 2×106 IU daily for a month, then every other day for five months. On the whole, a statistically significant improvement of purpura (p〈0.001), serum transaminases (p〈0.001), and cryocrit (p〈0.01) was observed after α-IFN treatment. HCV viraemia was detected by polymerase chain reaction technique in 13/15 patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and anti-GOR antibodies, expression of HCV-related autoimmunity, were present in 8/15. After α-IFN treatment, HCV RNA levels showed a clear-cut reduction in five persons and disappeared in another, while anti-HCV antibodies (Chiron ELISA and RIBA II) did not change after the six-month period of therapy. These data further support the possible etiopathogenetic role of HCV in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and suggest that α-IFN may be regarded as the elective treatment in this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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