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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a multicenter trial we retrospectively evaluated the clinical and sonographic data of 49 neonatal ovarian cysts, 44 of which were detected prenatally and 5 on the first day after delivery. Of the 44 prenatally detected cysts 39 were purely cystic, 5 echogenic or had a mixed pattern. In 20 patients the cystic appearance changed during delivery from purely cystic to a mixed pattern being independent on the size of the cyst. 26 of the 44 cysts were treated surgically. Salpingotorsion was found in 8 and was independent on the size of the cyst. In 15 a salpingo-oophorectomy or oophorectomy was performed, in 11 the ovary was saved. 23 patients were followed sonographically: 15 cysts showed complete resolution within 14 months without correlation to the sonographic pattern. The volume of these cysts varied between 5 and 71 ml. Neonatal ovarian cysts disappear spontaneously frequently and rarely cause severe symptoms. The authors recommend follow-up by ultrasound as the primary modality. Surgical intervention is recommended only if the cyst is space-occupying and percutaneous puncture can not be performed or in the case of emergency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract As part of a multicenter surfactant rescue study, the chest X-rays of 239 preterm and term infants were analyzed. To study the influence of surfactant administration on radiographic appearance, 130 patients with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of typical respiratory distress syndrome were selected, in whom adequate chest x-rays before and within 48 h after treatment were available. Median gestational age was 30 weeks (range 25–38 weeks), median birth weight was 1335 g (range 625–3450). The time of surfactant application ranged between 90 min and 24 h after birth (median 6 h). The most common finding after surfactant administration was uniform (n=47) or disproportionate (n=46) improvement of pulmonary aeration, which showed a significant correlation to posttreatment reduction of oxygen requirement (p〈0.001). Asymmetric clearance was more often localized on the right side and usually disappeared within two to five days. Only in 13 patients no change of ventilation was found. Development of interstitial emphysema (n=24, including three patients with pneumothorax) after surfactant treatment was an unfavourable prognostic sign. 54% of these patients (13 of 24) died within the first month of life, compared to 8% (7 of 93) in the group of patients with initial improvement of ventilation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 20 (1990), S. 331-333 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Over the period of one year, the hips of 92 preterm neonates were examined by ultrasound. Using the Graf classification only 7% showed an angle alpha between 50 and 60 degrees, which is characteristic of type IIa hips. In all other cases the angle alpha was above 60 degrees (type I). Sonographically there were no pathological cases (type IIg or worse). A reason for the relatively low number of type IIa hips could be that the short osseous acetabular rim and the broad cartilagenous Y-joint in this age group result in a “false” increase of the angle alpha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The hydrodynamic influence of different rectal tube sizes, contrast media, and heights of the fluid column on hydrostatic reduction of intussusception was analyzed in vitro. Enemas were performed in dead rabbits to compare the filling speed of bowel with a liquid and a gaseous contrast medium. For hydrostatic reduction, tubing and rectal tube with a large caliber and a low viscosity contrast medium achieved a higher filling speed of colon and are expected to provide a higher force of reduction on the intussusceptum. A rectal tube with a large caliber can be more useful than an increase of the column height. Filling bowel with carbon dioxide was approximately 7 times faster than with meglumine sodium diatrizoate. Theoretical considerations allow the hypothesis that a gaseous medium provides a faster and steadier reduction than a liquid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Chest ; Digital storage phosphor radiography ; Intensive care ; Neonates ; Radiation dose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to evaluate the influence of radiation exposure on image quality in digital storage phosphor radiography, 200 digital storage phosphor chest radiographs, obtained on a neonatal Intensive Care Unit, and the same number of conventional screen-film radiographs (speed 250) were assessed for the visibility of anatomical structures and catheters. The same exposure parameters were used in both groups. Normal variations of radiation exposure under free exposure conditions were estimated in all digital images using a formula calculating radiation dose in the screen-plane from image sensitivity, latitude and average grey value of the right lung. There was already a significant (P 〈 0.001) decline in image quality in the digital images with a 30–50% reduction in radiation exposure, which was most severe for structures such as trachea, retrocardiac space, lung texture and low-contrast catheters. Compared with optimally exposed conventional images, only those digital images with a slightly higher than normal dose had an equivalent image quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter MRT ; Kiefergelenk ; Diskusverlagerung ; Morphometrie ; Key words MRI ; Temporomandibular joint ; Anterior disk displacement ; Metric analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In order to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in correlation with different degrees of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint, we evaluated 117 joints of 59 symptomatic patients and 31 volunteers. Data analysis included morphologic and morphometric characteristics. Sixteen joints (19 %) were considered normal, 40 demonstrated anterior displacement with reduction (47 %) and 27 anterior displacement without reduction (32 %). In three of the volunteers anterior displacement with reduction was noted. Advancing anterior position of the disk was associated with reduced ability to open the mouth, progressive deformity and shortening of the disk, thinning of the bilaminar zone, regressive and proliferative bony changes of the condyle, reduced translatory movement of the disk and condyle, thinning of joint space, cranial and dorsal displacement of the condyle and flattening of the slope of the tuberculum. In addition to alterations in condylar and disk morphology, MRI can demonstrate various additional measurable changes that correlate well with the degree of anterior disk displacement.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Um den Einfluß der Diskusverlagerung im Kiefergelenk auf die Gelenkbinnenstrukturen zu untersuchen, wurden insgesamt 117 Gelenke von 59 symptomatischen Patienten und 31 asymptomatischen Probanden in der MRT untersucht und die Gelenkbinnenstrukturen sowohl morphologisch wie morphometrisch beurteilt. Im Patientengut lag 16mal eine normale Diskusposition (NDP) (19 %), 40mal eine Vorverlagerung mit Reposition (VMR) (47 %) und 27mal eine Vorverlagerung ohne Reposition (VOR) (32 %) vor. Unter den Normalpersonen zeigten 3 eine VMR. Mit zunehmender Diskusvorverlagerung zeigte sich eine kleiner werdende maximale Mundöffnung, ein zunehmend deformierter und verkürzter Diskus, eine Ausdünnung der bilaminären Zone, eine Abnahme des Durchmessers und zunehmende Entrundung des Processus condylaris, eine verminderte translatorische Diskus- und Kondylusbeweglichkeit, eine Verschmälerung der Gelenkspaltweite, eine Verlagerung des Processus condylaris in geschlossener Mundposition nach kranial und dorsal und eine Abflachung des Kondylenbahnwinkels. Neben der Morphologie des Diskus und Kondylus bzw. deren Morphologie lassen sich damit eine ganze Reihe weiterer magnetresonanztomographisch quantifizierbarer Befunde im Rahmen von Verlagerungen des Diskus im Temporomandibulargelenk darstellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 54 (1993), S. 108-118 
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary During post-treatment examination the effect of splint therapy on 14 temporo-mandibular joints (TMJ) with anterior disk displacement were examined using clinical and instrumental findings and magnet resonance imaging (MRI) to judge the therapeutical sucess of the treatment from an orthodontical perspective. A stable reposition of the TMJ disk was achieved in four joints, which showed no relapse over a two-year period of observation. The success of the therapy was dependent on the extent of the tissue damage to the TMJ and also on patient compliance. The MRI yielded therapeutically valuable information, which is not revealed in the clinical-instrumental analysis, on the tissue structure of the disk and the ligaments. In certain cases the use of MRI is necessary to confirm the clinical diagnosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer Nachuntersuchung an 14 Kiefergelenken mit anteriorem Diskusprolaps sollte der Therapieerfolg von Aufbißschienen anhand klinischer und instrumenteller Befunde und Magnetresonanztomographie beurteilt werden. Dabei wird auf die Bedeutung einer Aufbißschienenbehandlung aus kieferorthopädischer Sicht eingegangen. Bei vier Kiefergelenken konnte eine stabile Repositionierung eines anterior verlagerten Diskus erreicht werden. Diese Fälle zeigten in einem Beobachtungszeitraum von zwei Jahren kein Rezidiv. Der Therapieerfolg hing im wesentlichen von dem Ausmaß der Gewebeschädigung des Kiefergelenkes und der Compliance des Patienten ab. Eine magnetresonanztomographische Darstellung kann zusätzliche, therapeutisch wertvolle Informationen über die Gewebestruktur des Diskus-Band-Apparates geben, die eine klinische und instrumentelle Befundung nicht beinhaltet. In bestimmten Fällen ist sie zur Sicherung der klinischen Diagnose erforderlich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 56 (1995), S. 318-326 
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In our study of 107 patients, for whom data derived from clinical functional analysis, axiography and, in part, magnet resonance imaging, were present, we were abte to show that in routine orthodontic diagnosis the use of panotamie X-ray in the normal course of a general examination of the mandibular joint can also provide important indications of the presence of cranio-mandibular disorders. The panoramic X-ray revealed that in patients withAngle class II and front deep and open bite there were significantly more changes in the form of the condyles. A definite morphologie finding of a retracted fovea pterygoidea was found frequently in patients with anterior disk replacement with or withour reduction. Lastly, the panoramic X-ray showed that a change in form of the condyles, with in some cases a serlous arthrosis, occurs significantly most frequent in patients with anterior displacement without reduction.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In unserer Studie konnte anhand von 107 Patienten, bei denen klinisch/axiographische und zum Teil magnetresonanztomographsche Funktionsbefunde vorlagen, gezeigt werden, daß die Panoramaschichtaufnahme innerhalb der kieferorthopädischen Routmediagnostik im Sinne einer orientierenden Übersichr der Kiefergelenke wichtige Hinweise auf das Vorliegen von Funktionsstörungen geben kann. Patienten mit dentaler Klasse-II-Bißlage und den Frontzahnanomalien Tiefbiß und offener Biß wiesen in der Panoramaschichtaufnahme signifikant häufiger Formveränderungen, der Kondylen auf. Der spezifische morphologische Kiefergelenkbefund einer Einziehung der Fovea pterygoidea trat vermehrt in Fällen mit anteriorer Diskusverlagerung mit oder ohne Reposition auf Formveranderte Kiefergelenkköpte mit teilweise gravierenden Kiefergelenkarthrosen waren signifikant am häuflgsten bei Patienten mit anteriorer Diskusverlagerung ohne Reposifion aufzufinden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Magnet resonance imaging was used to diagnose 24 temporomandibular joints of 18 patients as having anterior disk displacement without reduction. By comparing clinical functional analysis, axiography, and magnet resonance imaging it was demonstrated that a valid diagnosis could be made on the basis of magnet resonance imaging alone. Former joint clicking and limitation and a dental Angle Class II were diagnostic indications of a disk displacement without reduction. Because of often only slight clinical symptoms or their absence, there is always a danger that disk displacement without reduction will go undiagnosed. In relation to orthodontic therapy, such patients are at risk, because pain can arise during treatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 18 Patienten wurde in 24 Kiefergelenken eine anteriore Diskusverlagerung ohne Reposition diagnostiziert. Die Gegenüberstellung von klinischem Funktionsstatus, elektronischer Axiographie und Magnetresonanztomographie ergab, daß eine sichere Diagnosestellung bei allen Patienten nur durch magnetresonanztomographische Darstellung möglich war. Als Hinweise auf eine Diskusverlagerung ohne Reposition stellten sich Knackgeräusche und Mundöffnungsbehinderungen in der Anamnese und eine dentale Klasse-II-Bißlage heraus. Aufgrund der häufig geringen klinischen Symptomatik oder Symptomlosigkeit besteht die Gefahr, eine Diskusverlagerung ohne Reposition nicht zu erkennen. Solche Patienten sind als Risikopatienten anzusehen, die im Rahmen einer kieferorthopädischen Behandlung eine Beschwerdesymptomatik entwickeln können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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