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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral vaccination of rats with live avirulent Salmonella derivatives expressing adhesive fimbrial antigens of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 47 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The avirulent Salmonella typhimurium F885 was transformed with a plasmid carrying the cloned S fimbriae genes of a uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The resulting transformant (F885-1) produced efficiently E. coli S fimbriae and was used for live oral vaccination of rats. For comparison rats were immunized subcutaneously with isolated S fimbriae. Both routes of vaccination resulted in a significant IgG antibody response to S fimbriae. In addition live oral vaccination induced a serum IgA response against S fimbriae. After transurethral infection of rats with a S fimbriae producing E. coli a 10-fold reduction of bacterial counts in the kidney was observed in rats orally vaccinated with F885-1 as compared to unvaccinated controls. This study suggests that the avirulent Salmonella F885 may be used as a fimbrial antigen carrier for oral vaccination against renal infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb02387.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fosfomycin protects against tubulotoxicity induced byCis-diaminedichloroplatin and cyclosporin A in the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 525-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Fosfomycin ; Tubulotoxicity ; Nephroprotection ; Cyclosporin A ; Cis-Diaminedichloroplatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The nephroprotective effect of fosfomycin against tubulotoxicity induced bycis-diaminedichloroplatin (DDP) and cyclosporin A (Cs) was studied in the rat. The parameter of nephrotoxicity was urinary tubular cell excretion. The experiments revealed that fosfomycin, given either concomitantly or in advance was able to reduce the nephrotoxic effect of DDP and Cs significantly. We conclude from these studies that fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum nephroprotective agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721040
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age-dependent nephrotoxicity and the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in rats (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 133 (1980), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Gentamicin ; Nephrotoxicity ; Pharmaco-kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacokinetics and nephrotoxicity of gentamicin were studied in female Wistar rats of different ages. I.m. administration of 5 mg of gentamicin/kg revealed that young rats (90 g) had lower peak serum levels and a prolonged elimination half-life, when compared with adult animals. After repeated injections, renal gentamicin concentrations were continuously lower in young rats during the entire experiment until the 20th day after the last dose. Nephrotoxicity, as measured by urinary excretion rates of tubular cells and malic dehydrogenase, was most pronounced in the old rats (260 g) and distinctly less in the 210 g animals. The young rats reacted with a slight but not significant increase in cellular and enzyme excretion. Since one cause of nephrotoxicity can be assumed to be intrarenal accumulation of gentamicin, it may be concluded that a deficient ability to concentrate aminoglycosides in the kidneys resulted in decreased nephrotoxic potential of gentamicin in the young rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444750
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mikrobiologische Befunde nach Amniozentese (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 242 (1987), S. 804-805 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01783363
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Animal studies on the reduction of aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity by D-glucaro-1,5-lactam (1983)
    Springer
    Infection 11 (1983), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde der Einfluß von D-Glukaro-1,5-Laktam auf die Aminoglykosid-induzierte Nephrotoxizität tierexperimentell an der Ratte untersucht. Parameter der Nephrotoxizität waren die Ausscheidung von Tubuluszellen und Malat-Dehydrogenase im Harn. Wenn D-Glukaro-1,5-Laktam in geeigneter Dosis entweder intramuskulär oder peroral gegeben wurde, reduzierte sich die Exkretion von Zellen und Enzymen während der Verabreichung von Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Dibekacin, Netilmicin und Ribostamycin signifikant. D-Glukaro-1,5-Laktam verminderte nicht die therapeutische Effektivität von Ribostamycin in der experimentellen Chemotherapie der akuten Pyelonephritis der Ratte. Der Schutzeffekt von D-Glukaro-1,5-Laktam könnte der Hemmung der Beta-Glukuronidase, einem Enzym, das sich in renalen Lysosomen befindet und von Aminoglykosiden aktiviert wird, zugeschrieben werden.
    Notes: Summary We studied the effect of D-glucaro-1,5-lactam on aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Parameters of nephrotoxicity were urinary excretion of tubule cells and malate dehydrogenase. When given in appropriate doses, either i. m. or via an oral tube, D-glucaro-1,5-lactam significantly reduced the excretion of cells and enzymes during the administration of gentamicin, tobramycin, dibekacin, netilmicin and ribostamycin. It did inot impair the therapeutic efficacy of ribostamycin in the experimental treatment of acute pyelonephritis in rats. The protective effect of D-glucaro-1,5-lactam could be ascribed to its inhibition of β-glucuronidase, an enzyme which is located in renal lysosomes and which is activated by aminoglycosides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01641295
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ceftazidime, ceftizoxime, cefotaxime and HR 221 in experimental chronic Escherichia coli pyelonephritis in rats (1983)
    Springer
    Infection 11 (1983), S. S54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die therapeutische Effektivität und Pharmakokinetik der Cephalosporine Ceftazidim, Ceftizoxim, Cefotaxim und HR 221 wurde tierexperimentell untersucht. Tiermodell war die experimentelle östrogengebahnte und nicht-gebahnte chronischeE. coli-Pyelonephritis der Ratte. Die Tiere wurden für eine Woche 2× täglich mit 5 mg Cephalosporin/kg behandelt. Alle Cephalosporine führten zu einem signifikanten Abfall der renalen Keimzahlen trotz der niedrigen Dosierung. In beiden Tiermodellen war Ceftazidim signifikant wirksamer als HR 221, obwohl die Serumspiegel von HR 221 höher waren und länger andauerten als die von Ceftazidim. Unterschiede in der Pharmakokinetik (metabolische Stabilität, Proteinbindung) könnten der Grund für die unterschiedliche therapeutische Effektivität sein, da die antimikrobielleIn-vitro-Aktivität aller Cephalosporine gegenüber dem Testkeim sehr ähnlich war.
    Notes: Summary The therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetics of the cephalosporins ceftazidime, ceftizoxime, cefotaxime and HR 221 were studied in animal experiments. The animal model used was experimental estrogen-induced or non-induced chronicEscherichia coli pyelonephritis in rats. The animals were treated with 5 mg cephalosporin/kg twice daily for one week. Each of the cephalosporins tested led to a significant decrease in renal bacterial counts, in spite of the low doses given. Ceftazidime was significantly more active than HR 221 in both experimental models, although the serum levels of HR 221 were higher and were maintained for a longer period of time than those of ceftazidime. Differences in pharmacokinetic properties (influenced by metabolic stability and protein binding) could be the reason for the differences in therapeutic activity, since thein vitro antimicrobial activity of each of the cephalosporins tested was very similar against the test strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01641108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of a receiver operating characteristic in the evaluation of two commercial enzyme immunoassays for detection ofHelicobacter pylori infection (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 13 (1994), S. 812-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two novel commercial IgG enzyme immunoassay (EIA) systems based on acid-glycine-extracted (Pyloriset IgG EIA, Orion Diagnostica) or fast protein liquid chromatography-purified (Cobas Core Anti-H. pylori EIA, Roche Diagnostic Systems)Helicobacter antigens were evaluated in a prospective study involving 127 patients. All patients underwent upper endoscopy with biopsy, and biopsies were examined for the presence ofHelicobacter pylori by a rapid urease test, microscopy and culture. Of the 71 patients found to be infected withHelicobacter pylori, 69 (97.2 %) and 65 (91.5 %) tested positive with the Cobas Core and Pyloriset test, respectively. A detailed receiver operating characteristic analysis of the two tests showed that the Cobas Core assay was more sensitive and specific at every possible cut-off level; gave a better resolution of individual results, indicating a greater fine-sensitivity; and had no grey zone compared to a large grey zone encompassing 13.4 % of the serum samples tested with the Pyloriset EIA. The Cobas Core assay appears to be a valuable tool for epidemiological purposes as well as for pre-endoscopic screening of dyspeptic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02111341
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibodies against isolated flagella ofLegionella pneumophila (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 14 (1995), S. 764-767 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Flagella ofLegionella pneumophila serogroup 1, strain Philadelphia (ATCC 33152), were isolated and used as antigen to detect antibodies by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in sera of patients with significant titers againstLegionella as determined by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Healthy blood donors served as a control group. Whereas the sera of blood donors were negative in both assays, sera of patients showed two patterns of reactivity. Sera with elevated titers againstLegionella pneumophilasero-group 1 orLegionella gormanii in IFA usually demonstrated high titers in EIA. However, high IFA titers againstLegionella bozemanii were associated with low titers in EIA. The data show that flagella protein ofLegionella pneumophila serogroup 1 strain Philadelphia is of limited value for the detection of antibodies againstLegionella other thanLegionella pneumophila serogroup 1, although in vitro studies revealed genus-specific epitopes. This might be due to unpredictable variabilities in the expression of flagella in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01690990
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beta-lactamase types and beta-lactam resistance ofEscherichia coli strains with chromosomally mediated ampicillin resistance (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 9 (1990), S. 44-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of isoelectric focusing six β-lactamase types could be distinguished in ampicillin-resistant and ampicillin-sensitive strains ofEscherichia coli. More than 90% of the ampicillin-resistant strains produced the same β-lactamase type. The serotypes found in a group of ampicillin-resistant urinary tract infection strains did not represent the distribution usually found in urinary tract isolates. Chromosomal ampicillin resistance was always associated with high cephalothin MIC values and increased resistance to other β-lactam antibiotics of the cephalosporin group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01969534
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (1988)
    Springer
    Infection 16 (1988), S. 232-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01650759
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