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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 1257-1262 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The characteristics of a compact space and wavelength-resolving spectrometer-detector arrangement are described which is used to measure spectral line shapes simultaneously along several viewing chords. The system is based upon a freely programmable slow-scan charge-coupled device (CCD) camera gated by an image intensifier tube. Visible and near-UV light emitted near the plasma boundary is collected from up to 12 viewing chords and transmitted to the spectrograph by quartz fibers. Spectra can be recorded with a temporal resolution of 20 ms by means of multiple pixel binning during CCD readout. Integration of the spectral line profiles yield particle fluxes of various low-Z species for ohmically heated helium discharges. The calibration, sensitivity, and signal-to-noise ratio of the system are reconstructed considering each individual element, allowing an easy prediction of the performance of similar applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3054-3059 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Even in the absence of both magnetic order and superconductivity, Ce-based Kondo lattice systems show distinct anomalies in the low-temperature specific heat and thermopower. These features can be understood, in the frame of a microscopic treatment of the asymmetric Anderson model, by taking into account the periodicity of the Ce sites. A substantial variation in the observed phenomena between CeAl3 and normal (n) state CeCu2Si2 on the one hand as well as CeRu2Si2 and CeCu6 on the other highlight the importance of realistic band structure calculations for the quasiparticles ("heavy fermions'') in these different compounds. The temperature dependence of the upper critical magnetic field Bc2(T) for the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCu2Si2 (Tc(approximately-equal-to)0.6 K) shows a flat maximum at ∼0.2 Tc, which is ascribed to coherence-derived structure in the n-state quasiparticle density of states. A dc Josephson effect with a critical pair current of ordinary size is observed for the first time on a weak link between CeCu2Si2 and Al. This proves that CeCu2Si2 is a superconductor with dominant spin-singlet pairing. No Josephson effect can be found, however, between heavy-fermion superconducting UPt3 and Al, Nb, or UPt3 as counterelectrodes, in accord with a possible anisotropic (L≥1, S=0 or 1) pairing in UPt3. For this material, the thermal conductivity in the superconducting state approaches an asymptotic κS=αT2 law as T→0, with α=32 mW/cm K3, and the thermopower above TC shows a temperature dependence similar to that of the "spin fluctuation'' system UAl2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 961-972 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 27 (1998), S. 466-476 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Key words Spine • Anterior lumbar interbody fusion • Microsurgery • Lumbar instability ; Schlüsselwörter Spondylodese • Mikrochirurgie • Lendenwirbelsäule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahren kommen in der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie zunehmend mikrochirurgische Operationstechniken zur Anwendung. Sie bieten den Vorteil einer geringen iatrogenen Traumatisierung des Zugangsweges zu den hinteren oder vorderen Abschnitten der Wirbelsäule. Beschrieben werden 2 neue, mikrochirurgische Zugänge zur vorderen Lendenwirbelsäule (LWS) zur Durchführung ventraler interkorporeller Spondylodesen als Teil eines dorsoventralen Behandlungskonzepts bei unterschiedlichen Segmentinstabilitäten (z. B. Spondylolisthesis, degenerative Instabilität, Postdiskektomiesyndrom, Frakturen). Die Bewegungssegmente L 2–L 5 werden dabei über einen retroperitonealen Zugang erreicht. Die laterale Bauchwandmuskulatur wird in stumpfer Wechselschnitttechnik durchquert, die ventrolaterale Zirkumferenz des zu fusionierenden Bewegungsegments mit einem in den angrenzenden Wirbelkörpern selbsthaltend verankerten Rahmenspreizer dargestellt. Zum lumbosakralen Übergang wird eine Technik beschrieben, welche eine interkorporelle Fusion von L 5/S 1 über eine transperitoneale Minilaparatomie in der Mittellinie ermöglicht. Die Erfahrungen mit 83, zwischen 1995 und 1996 operierten Patienten zeigen eine geringe peri- und operative Morbidität, bei vergleichbaren klinischen und radiologischen Ergebnissen. Komplikationspektrum und -häufigkeit differieren, ebenso wie die funktionellen und ökonomischen Ergebnisse nicht von den sog. Standardzugängen.
    Notes: Summary Due to the decreased trauma in anterior as well as posterior surgical approaches to the spine, microsurgical techniques have been used more frequently in recent years. This article describes two new microsurgical techniques to approach the anterior lumbar spine for interbody fusion as part of a posterior-anterior stabilization concept in various diseases like spondylolisthesis, degenerative instability; failed back surgery syndrome, fractures etc. The lumbar segments L 2–5 are approached through a blunt muscle-splitting retroperitoneal technique. The antero-lateral circumference of the motion segment is exposed with a frame-type retractor which is anchored in the adjacent vertebral bodies with anchoring screws. The lumbosacral junction is exposed via a mini-laparotomy using a special soft tissue spreader. Interbody fusion is described with autogeneous bone grafts. Preliminary experience with 83 patients treated between 1995 and 1996 show that peri- and postoperative morbidity is low. Clinical as well as radiological results are comparable to the standard techniques. Spectrum as well as rate of complications so far do not differ from those described in the literature for non-microsurgical approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 112 (1991), S. 65-70 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Chemonucleolysis ; lumbar disc surgery ; disc herniation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A group of 100 patients submitted to microsurgical treatment for herniated lumbar disc following unsuccessful chemonucleolysis with chymopapain were retrospectively compared to a statistically comparable group of patients primarily submitted to microsurgery. This comparison demonstrated that previous unsuccessful chemonucleolysis has no influence on either the short-term or the long-term results of subsequent microsurgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 110-113 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Hemispherical spondylosclerosis ; Biomechanical cause ; Reflection phenomenon ; Mirror-image type ; Two-thirds type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clinical and radiological examination of 167 hemispherical spondylosclerosis (HSS) patients (56 male, 111 female) revealed a total of 186 cases of HSS with multiple incidences occurring in 18 patients. Radiologically these HSS cases were characterized by erosion and new bone formation at the inferior and upper end plate of the vertebra below, periosteal bone apposition or ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament, spondylophytes, and signs of degenerative alteration of the vertebra and disc. In addition, the size and location (anterior, middle, posterior third) of each HSS in the lateral view was investigated. The cases were also investigated for reflection phenomenon between supra- and infradiscal sclerosis and for kyphotic angulation of the two adjacent vertebrae. The results showed that in 105 cases (56.5%) the HSS filled out the entire vertebral area; 97 cases (52.2%) showed a mirror-image type HSS; while in 8 cases (4.3%), the infradiscal sclerosis was polymorphic. In 81 cases (43.5%), the sclerosis was limited to the anterior two-thirds; this is termed “two-thirds” type. All 81 of these cases of HSS showed a kyphotic angulation of at least 4°. Of these, 61 (32.8% of the total) showed reflection phenomenon while 20 (10.7% of the total) had polymorphic infradiscal sclerosis. Overall, 158 cases of HSS (85%) exhibited the reflection phenomenon between supra- and infradiscal sclerosis. whereas 28 cases (15%) revealed polymorphic sclerosis of the subadjacent vertebra. Kyphotic angulation was completely absent when HSS was visible in the entire vertebra. A dorsal gap of the disc space was seen in 36 cases (19.4%). A biomechanical classification of HSS is presented in order to help differentiate between centric and eccentric segmental load transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 4 (1995), S. 357-359 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Exogenous lumbar spondylodiscitis ; Vertebral body fracture ; Stab wound ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Exogenous spondylodiscitis is a rare event and is usually iatrogenic. Non-iatrogenic exogenous spondylodiscitis has been described in the literature following transabdominal gunshot wounds associated with injury to the intestines and spine. Several cases of traumatic meningitis and one of a traumatic meningocele following an injury of the spinal sac have been reported. No report of exogenous spondylodiscitis complicating a stabwound has been published. This is a report of exogenous spondylodiscitis following a paravertebral stabwound with a knife in association with a superior wedge fracture of L2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 9 (2000), S. 80-84 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Key words Epidural abscess ; Pelvic trauma ; Complication ; Urinary tract infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 17-year-old patient with pre-existing grade II spondylolisthesis of L5/S1 sustained a partial disruption of the left sacroiliac joint with haematoma of the iliac muscle after a fall. The haematoma probably led to occlusion of the left ureter, resulting in a urinary tract infection. After initial conservative treatment the patient developed fever and radicular pain of the left leg. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a left-sided epidural abscess at L5/S1, which had probably spread from the infected iliac haematoma along the injured sacroiliac joint. Prompt surgical drainage and antibiotic coverage with cefuroxime and flucloxacillin led to rapid clinical improvement. Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the pathogen. At follow-up 6 months postoperatively all symptoms had resolved, while MRI still revealed residual osseous oedema of the sacroiliac joint. The haematoma of the iliac muscle resolved without surgical intervention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 2 (1993), S. 223-229 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Récidive de hernie discale ; Discectomie ; Disque lombaire ; Morphologie discale ; Recurrent disc herniation ; Discectomy ; Lumbar disc ; Disc morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A retrospective study was carried out on a total of 491 patients (294 male, 197 female) who underwent surgery between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 1986. They were treated by minimal intervention lumbar discectomy without the use of a microscope. The patient groups consisted of 241 patients who needed a second operation (MOP, multiple operations) and another 250 patients who needed only one surgical procedure (SOP, single operation) and the whole treatment period was between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 1990. The SOP patients served as control group. The MOP and SOP groups were compared in the search for clinical and/or morphological parameters which might distinguish the two groups at the time of first operation. Results: In terms of history, age, sex distribution, pre-operative treatment and severity of neurological symptoms there was no statistical difference between the two groups at the time of the first operation. Radiological examinations were more extensive but less conclusive in the MOP group. In the SOP patients, subligamentous and epidural disc fragments occurred in 67.2% of patients. In the MOP patients disc protrusions or small subligamentous extrusions were predominant (50.1%) at the time of the first operation. Osteochondritic changes occurred less frequently in the MOP (39.1% vs 53.6%). There were significantly more two-level approaches in the MOP patients (31.5% vs 14.4%); also, the surgical technique in the MOP group was less invasive, often being ‘explorative’ in character. Post-operative morbidity was higher, improvement of neurological symptoms was slower and the overall result was worse in MOP patients after the first operation. Interpretation of radiological findings, disc morphology and surgical technique are usually considered factors influencing the outcome of disc surgery. At the second operation (MOP 2) there were epidural scars in 48.4% of patients and the incidence of disc fragments containing parts of the end-plate increased from 10.1% to 61.9%. The prognosis was worse in patients with mild pre-operative disc degeneration.
    Notes: Résumé Une étude rétrospective a été entreprise sur un effectif de 491 patients (294 hommes, 197 femmes) traités entre le 1er janvier 1980 et le 31 décembre 1986. Ils ont été traités par une intervention de discectomie lombaire minimale sans avoir recours au microscope. Les groupes de patients étaient représentés par 241 sujets ayant nécessité une seconde opération (MOP = multiple opérations) et 250 autres n'ayant nécessité qu'une seule intervention (SOP = single opération); l'ensemble des gestes thérapeutiques se sont situés entre le 1er janvier 1980 et le 31 décembre 1990. Les patients SOP ont servi de groupe témoin. Les MOP et les SOP ont été comparés afin de déterminer les paramètres cliniques et morphologiques qui auraient pu individualiser les deux groupes au moment de la première opération. Résultats: il n'y avait pas de différence statistique entre les deux groupes au moment de la première intervention si l'on considère l'histoire de la maladie, l'âge, le sexe, le traitement préopératoire et la gravité des signes neurologiques. Les investigations radiologiques ont été plus complètes mais moins décisives chez les patients multiopérés. Chez les patients SOP, des fragments discaux sous-ligamentaires ou épiduraux ont été rencontrés dans 67,2%. Chez les patients opérés une seule fois, les protrusions discales ou les petites extrusions sous-ligamentaires étaient prédominantes (50,1%) au moment de la première opération. Les modifications ostéochondrales ont été moins fréquemment rencontrées chez les patients multiopérés (39,1 contre 53,6%). L'abord simultané de deux niveaux a été significativement plus fréquent chez les patients multiopérés (31,5 contre 14,4%); aussi la technique chirurgicale a été moins invasive dans le groupe des patients multiopérés mais a souvent eu un caractère “explorateur”. Chez les patients multiopérés, la morbidité postopératoire a été plus élevée, l'amélioration des signes neurologiques plus lente et le résultat global plus mauvais après la première opération. L'interprétation des signes radiologiques, la morphologie discale et la technique chirurgicale sont habituellement considérés comme des facteurs influents dans le résultat de la chirurgie discale. Lors de la deuxième opération (MOP 2), des adhérences épidurales ont été retrouvées dans 48,4% des cas et la fréquence des fragments discaux comportant des parties de plateau vertébral s'est accrue de 10,1% à 61,9%. Le pronostic a été plus mauvais chez les patients présentant une faible dégénérescence discale préopératoire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 9 (2000), S. S035 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Key words Microsurgery ; Lumbar spine ; Mini ALIF ; Anterior lumbar interbody fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The terms ‘minimally invasive’ or ‘less invasive surgery’ have been used recently to describe surgical approaches or operations that are performed with less trauma to anatomical structures on the way to or surrounding the surgical ‘target area’. These types of surgical procedures are usually performed with the help of ‘high-tech’ instruments such as surgical endoscopes or surgical microscopes, modern video techniques and automated instruments. Within the last 10 years, such techniques have been developed in the field of spinal surgery. The application of minimally or less invasive procedures has concentrated predominantly on anterior approaches to the thoracic and lumbar spine. This article describes two anterior approach techniques for performing anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) through a minimally invasive retroperitoneal or transperitoneal approach. The technical principles are microsurgical modifications of traditional anterior approaches to the lumbar spine. Through small (4-cm) skin incisions, the target area can be exposed. Preliminary results suggest decreased peri - and postoperative morbidity, less blood loss, earlier rehabilitation and acceptable complication rates. The technique is currently used by the author for all patients requiring anterior lumbar interbody fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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