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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical Evaluation of Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen-Alpha1 - Antichymotrypsin Complex Values in Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: A Cooperative Study (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 5 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background We studied the clinical significance of serum prostate-specific antigen bound to α1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) values determined with a newly developed enzyme immunoassay. Methods Serum PSA-ACT values were determined in a total of 652 sera. Clinical utility for the diagnosis of prostate cancer was compared to that of Tandem-R PSA and y-seminoprotein (μgm- Sm). The new enzyme immunoassay is based on the use of the Stanford reference as an international standard for PSA assays. Results Serum PSA-ACT values ranged from less than 0.10 to 1.4ng/mL in healthy males (n = 100) while values in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 1 55) averaged 3.4 ± 3.8ng/mL (mean ± SD). In patients with prostate cancer, serum PSA-ACT values increased significantly with progression of the clinical stage and there were statistically significant differences between benign prostatic hyperplasia and each stage of prostate cancer except for stage A. Using BPH levels as controls (4.8ng/mL for PSA-ACT, 7.2ng/mL for PSA, 3.8ng/mL for y-Sm, and 2.4ng/mL for thecomplexed/free PSA ratio of PSA-ACT/μtgM-Sm), specificity was 80%. The sensitivity of prostate cancer detection was 79% for PSA-ACT, 77% for PSA, 57% for γ-Sm, and 46% for the ratio between PSA-ACT/γ-Sm. Conclusion Although the determination of serum PSA-ACT showed essentially the same utility as that of PSA for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, PSA-ACT may allow prediction of the clinical stage. The PSA-ACT assay may therefore replace PSA in the detection of prostate cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1998.tb00234.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urodynamic Changes after Endoscopic Correction of Vesicoureteral Reflux (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 5 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Massive bilateral vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in a 7-year-old girl with spinal scoliosis was successfully treated by endoscopic correction. She was admitted due to a febrile urinary tract infection and urinary incontinence. A cystometrogram demonstrated normal detrusor function during storage. The endoscopic subureteric injection of polytetrafluoroethylene (TeflonTM) was performed, resulting in the disappearance of the VUR. A postoperative cystometrogram demonstrated overactive detrusor function during storage, necessitating anticholinergic medication. She has been free of febrile urinary tract infections and incontinence for 2 years postoperatively, although self-catheterization is necessary. In a case of neurogenic vesical dysfunction with massive reflux, endoscopic subureteric injection is not only a therapeutic tool, but also a useful diagnostic option for detecting occult detrusor overactivity during storage prior to open surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1998.tb00252.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic Correction of Vesicoureteral Reflux by Subureteric Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene) Injection: Review of 6-Year Experience (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 4 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:Endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was first proposed in 1981 and the first series of patients treated by subureteric polytetrafluoroethylene paste injection (STING) was reported in 1984. Although many successful studies, primarily European, have been undertaken since then, this technique has recently been rejected in the United States. In this paper, we report our 6-year experience and discuss indications for this technique. Patients and Methods:Since February 1990, we have used the STING technique to endoscopically correct VUR. In this analysis, 38 ureters in 24 patients (mean age, 47.3 years; range, 7 to 79 years), with at least 1 year of follow-up were included. Results:The first injection resulted in disappearance of VUR in 34 ureters (89.5%). A second injection was done for 2 failed and 3 recurrent ureters during follow-up, resulting in disappearance of VUR in the 3 recurrent ureters. The final success rates were 1 00% for both primary VUR and secondary VUR due to neurogenic bladder, but only 55.6% (5/9) for secondary VUR following transurethral resection of bladder tumors. No postoperative early or delayed complications were noted in any case. Conclusion: The procedure is simple and effective for the treatment of all grades of VUR. However, the procedure should be performed after careful consideration of the indications, since theoretically the risk of distant migration of the paste cannot be ignored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1997.tb00305.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospective Randomized Comparative Study of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Urethrocystoscopy and Urethrocystography (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 5 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: There has been a great deal of discussion regarding the necessity of the prophylactic use of antibiotics in transurethral procedures. In order to clarify this complicated issue, a randomized prospective study was performed for patients undergoing urethrocystoscopy or urethrocystography. Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent urethrocystoscopy or urethrocystography and did not have pyuria and bacteriuria were included and divided randomly into 2 groups, either receiving a prophylactic antibiotic or no antibiotic. For antibiotic prophylaxis, 200 mg of sparfloxacin or fleroxacin were administered within a 1-hour period before the urethrocystoscopic or urethrocystographic examination, respectively. Analyses were performed on patients who were seen within 1 month after the examination, using the appearance of pyuria, bacteriuria, or a febrile infection as the endpoint. Results: Of47 patients undergoing urethrocystoscopy, 45 were eligible for analysis, and of these, sparfloxacin was administered to 21 patients. Thirty-three of 37 patients undergoing urethrocystography were eligible for analysis with fleroxacin administered to 16 patients. There were no significant differences in the background factors between the 2 groups undergoing either transurethral examination. None of the patients in either group developed pyuria, bacteriuria or a febrile infection after the examination. Conclusions: Prophylactic administration of antibiotics is not necessarily essential in urethrocystoscopy or urethrocystography in patients with sterile urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1998.tb00384.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary nuclear matrix protein 22 as a new marker for the screening of urothelial cancer in patients with microscopic hematuria (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 6 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Purpose: The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical usefulness of nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) as a new urinary marker for the screening of urothelial cancer in patients with microscopic hematuria, especially in comparison with that of voided urine cytology.Methods: Patients with microscopic hematuria detected at a health examination, who were advised by a consulted urologist to have a cystoscopical examination, were asked to enter this study. Urine samples were collected before cystoscopy and divided into two portions for a NMP22 test and voided urine cytology.Results: Of the 309 patients with microscopic hematuria, 22 cases (7.1%) of urothelial cancer and one case of prostate cancer were detected. For the other cases, 128 (41.4%) were of benign diseases and 158 (51.1%) were designated as having no evidence of disease (NED). The median NMP22 values for urothelial cancer, other diseases and NED were 35.5, 6.7 and 6.0 U/mL, respectively, with 95% confidence intervals of 19.9–228.2, 5.1–9.3 and 5.4–7.2, respectively. The sensitivity of the NMP22 test for urothelial cancer was 90.9% (20/22), whereas the sensitivity of voided urine cytology was only 54.5% (12/22).Conclusions: The present study indicates that urinary NMP22 is a useful tool for the screening of urothelial cancer in patients with microscopic hematuria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.1999.06437.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OVER-EXPRESSION OF METALLOTHIONEIN AND DRUG-RESISTANCE IN BLADDER CANCER (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 1 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Metallothionein (MT) in tumor cells has been implicated as one of the factors involved in mechanisms of resistance to anti-cancer drugs, including cis-diaminedichroloplatinum (CDDP) and adriamycin (ADM). The relationship between the expression of MT and chemotherapy with anti-cancer drugs was studied in CDDP- and ADM-resistant human bladder cancer cell lines and tissue samples from clinical cases. In drug-resistant cell lines (T-24/ADM, CI-7/CDDP) established in our laboratory, MT expression was studied by immunohistochemistry using the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method and radioimmunoassay (RIA), using anti-MT antibody. In addition, other potentfal mechanisms of drug resistance, such as P-glycoprotein expression were examined and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) determined in these cell lines. The results of these investigations demonstrate that the expression of MT in resistant cell lines increased 2.1- and 2.5-fold when compared with parent cell lines (CI-7, T-24). GSH, GSSG and GST levels were unchanged and P-glycoprotein was not over-expressed. A total of 120 tissue samples from 35 clinical cases of bladder cancer, before and after chemotherapy, were stained for MT which was detected in 10 of the 35 cases before chemotherapy. The incidence of MT expression was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in cases with lower pathological tumor grades. By analyzing the MT staining after chemotherapy in the cases whose MT staining was negative before chemotherapy, it was found that cases receiving continuous administration (intravesical chemotherapy or peroral chemotherapy) showed a higher incidence (9/13) of positive staining for MT, than patients receiving intermittent administration (intravenous chemotherapy) (1/8), (p less than 0.05). These results demonstrate that: 1) a correlation exists between MT expression and tumor differentiation and 2) repetitive and continuous administration of anti-cancer drugs results in increased MT expression in bladder cancer cells. MT expression may therefore be one of the mechanisms by which urothelial tumors acquire resistance to anti-cancer drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1994.tb00022.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical Studies on Advantages and Safety of Visual Laser Ablation for Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 3 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Since 1992, we have been performing VLAP using a right–angle laser delivery system (Urolase) for BPH patients with significant underlying nonurological diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and maligant diseases. Sufficient clinical results have been obtained without major complications during short–term and long–term observation.In this study, we discuss the clinical advantages and safety of VLAP, compared with TURP, through analysis of the clinical procedure for VLAP for patients treated with anticoagulant agents such as waríarin.In our study of 40 patients, 8 patients were treated with anticoagulants for cardiovascular disease. During the procedure and after the operation, no significant complications were encountered except for transient postoperative bleeding.The 8 patients who received simultaneous anticoagulant therapy also underwent TURP to draw a comparison. The time taken for the procedure and the volume of the blood loss were significantly reduced by VLAP.The hemostatic nature of YAG laser energy seems to result in a technical improvement over conventional I URP for patients undergoing anticoagulant therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1996.tb00087.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of hadamard matrices of order 28 (1986)
    Springer
    Graphs and combinatorics 2 (1986), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5914
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We construct non-equivalent 476 Hadamard matrices with Hall sets of order 28 containing 13 matrices in [7] and [8]. In this paper only 20 matrices are listed. Other four examples are in [5].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01788099
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intravesical chemotherapy (1987)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 20 (1987), S. S60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of 85 cases treated by intravesical administration of adriamycin (ADM) at Okayama University and other cooperating institutions were examined. Instillation of 50 mg adriamycin dissolved in 30 ml physiological saline was performed in two courses of 3 consecutive days, with a 4-day interval between the courses. The response rate was 70.6%. Following instillation therapy transurethral resection (TUR) was carried out in 69 cases (80%), segmental cystectomy in 7, and total cystectomy in 3. The follow-up period averaged 42 months, during which the recurrence rate was 57%; recurrence occurred within 18 months in 80% of these cases. Since the recurrence per patient-month x 100 was 3.348, the precise effect of intravestical chemotherapy in the prevention of recurrence was unclear. There were 9 cases of advanced disease (11% of the total, 18% of cases with recurrence). One patient with CIS (flat invasive tumor) seemingly achieved CR, but died 43 months after treatment due to metastatic disease. While this method is not always indicated in cases of CIS (flat invasive tumor), in cases in which it is indicated a drug causing only limited stimulation of the bladder mucosa should be used and long-term follow-up is essential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262488
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prophylactic intravesical instillation therapy with adriamycin and mitomycin C in patients with superficial bladder cancer (1987)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 20 (1987), S. S72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intravesical instillation of adriamycin (ADM) or mitomycin C (MMC) was carried out for the purpose of preventing the recurrence of superficial bladder cancers (Ta and T1) after transurethral resection or transurethral coagulation. First, eligible patients were divided into two groups (solitary and multiple) and then they were randomized into the following three groups: (1) ADM group, intravesical instillation with 50 mg ADM dissolved in 100 ml physiological saline; (2) MMC group, intravesical instillation with 30 mg MMC dissolved in 100 ml physiological saline; (3) control, transurethral resection or transurethral coagulation alone. The drugs were given six times by instillation within 2 weeks after TUR or TUC; after 2 weeks the drugs were administered for 2 consecutive days every 4 weeks for 2 years. Of the 134 patients admitted to the study, 103 were evaluable and 31 were eliminated as non-evaluable patients. The cumulative nonrecurrence rates were 73.6% for ADM, 63.4% for MMC, and 22.5% for controls after a follow-up of 24 months. The cumulative non recurrence rates of the ADM and MMC groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. The incidence of side effects was low and the grade of these side effects mild. This instillation therapy with ADM and MMC was considered useful for preventing the recurrence of superficial bladder cancers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262491
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