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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by Fusarium napiforme in a home environment (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We report a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in a 17-year-old male student caused by Fusarium napiforme found in his home environment. Methods: The patient was diagnosed according to history, chest radiograph, spirometry, high-resolution chest CT, and transbronchial lung biopsy. To identify the causative agent, cultured aeromolds were collected by the open-plate method. From the main fungi cultured, fungal antigens were prepared, and immunoblot analysis with the patient's serum and each fungal antigen was performed. Results: Five fungal species were isolated from the patient's home. Immunoblotting analysis with the patient's serum demonstrated more than 10 IgG-binding fractions to F. napiforme extract only, while little binding was noted with the other fungal antigens. Conclusions: We should be aware that HP may be caused by F. napiforme in the home environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00650.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Policies and criteria on accreditation of testing laboratories in Korea (1996)
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 1 (1996), S. b223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Accredication criteria ; Korean Laboratory Accreditation Scheme ; Accreditation policies ; Surveillance ; Reassessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Policies and criteria for the accreditation of testing laboratories in Korea are reviewed according to the laws and regulations within the organizational framework. According to the Weights and Measures Act, the administrator of Korean Industrial Advancement Administration (KIAA) may accredit qualified testing laboratories in Korea. Criteria, procedures, and surveillance of accredited laboratories are specified in the Enforcement Regulation of the Weights and Measures Act drawn up by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy. Further detailed accreditation criteria and processes are prescribed in the Operation Guideline for the Accreditation of Testing Laboratories prepared by the KIAA. The Korean Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (KOLAS) of the KIAA is the authorized representative institution for the accreditation of testing laboratories in compliance with the ISO Guides 25/58 and the Operation Guideline for the Accreditation of Testing Laboratories. Finally, the current status of accredited laboratories in Korea is briefly described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010404
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adult Hirschsprung's disease (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 10 (1995), S. 156-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 11 patients adultes porteurs d'une maladie de Hirschsprung ont été traités à l'Hôpital Universitaire National de Séoul (8 cas) et à l'Hôpital Universitaire de Chosun (3 cas) entre 1985 et 1992. Des 11 patients 7 étaient des sujets mâles. L'âge des patients variait de 11 à 30 ans et tous se présentaient avec une constipation chronique et des sujets mâles. L'âge des patients variait de 11 à 30 ans et tous se présentaient avec une constipation chronique et des impactions fécales récidivantes nécessitant des lavaments périodiques et la prise de laxatifs. L'opération de Duhamel en un temps ou en plusiers temps opératoires a été réalisée chez tous les patients. Le niveau du segment aganglionnaire était limité au rectosigmoïde chez 9 patients (82%). 3 complications postopératoires majeures sont à déplorer. 2 patients ont développé une fistule anale au niveau de la zone anastomotique et un patient a développé un iléus postopératoire. Ces complications toutefois se sont résolues par un traitement conservateur. Les résultats à long terme étaient excellents à l'exception d'un patient qui a développé une impuissance. La fréquence moyenne des exonérations était habituellement de une à deux exonérations quotidiennes sans recours à un traitement complémentaire autre. Nos résultats indiquent que l'opération de Duhamel est une intervention très satisfaisante dans le traitement dela maladie de Hirschsprung de l'adulte.
    Notes: Abstract Eleven patients with adult Hirschsprung's disease were treated at Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH, 8 cases) and Chosun University Hospital (CUH, 3 cases) between 1985 and 1992. Of the 11 patients, seven were male. The age of the patients ranged from 11 to 30 years, and all presented with chronic constipation and recurrent faecal impactions that required periodic enemas and laxatives. The Duhamel's operation, as a single or staged procedure, was performed in all patients. Levels of aganglionosis in 9 patients were confined to the rectosigmoid colon (82%). There were three major post-operative complications. Two patients developed fistula-in-ano at the anastomotic site, and one patient developed ileus. However, these complications resolved with conservative management. The longterm results were excellent except for one patient who developed impotence. The mean frequency of bowel movements was usually once or twice a day without the aid of other treatments. Our results indicate that Duhamel's operation is a highly acceptable procedure in the management of adult Hirschsprung's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298539
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experience of 1446 rectal cancer patients in Korea and analysis of prognostic factors (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 14 (1999), S. 101-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Key words Rectal cancer ; Prognosis ; Univariate analysis ; Multivariate analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to investigate the changing pattern of rectal cancers in Korea and to identify prognostic factors, we investigated the case histories of 1446 rectal cancer patients who had received surgical treatment. During the study period there were trends toward a decrease in the ratio of rectal cancer to colon cancer, earlier detection (more Dukes' stages A and B and fewer C), a decrease in the number of abdominoperineal resections, and an increase in the number of sphincter-preserving operations. Univariate analysis of prognostic factors showed that gender, obstruction symptoms, preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, tumor size, depth of bowel wall invasion, lymph node metastases (presence and number), tumor differentiation, operative method, and date of operation were significant, but age, symptom duration, and tumor location were not. The use of sphincter-saving operations did not adversely affect the clinical outcome. Multivariate analysis showed lymph node metastasis factor to be the most significant factor (P〈0.001); the depth of bowel wall invasion, differentiation, CEA level, and date of operation were also significant (0.001〈P〈0.05). This study shows that although anatomical extent of disease (depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis) is the most reliable prognostic predictor in rectal cancer, other factors such as preoperative CEA level and tumor differentiation also provide important information on the outcome and use of an anal-preserving operation does not adversely affect the patient survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050193
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A single point mutation in HIV-1 V3 loop alters the immunogenic properties of rgp120 (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 145 (2000), S. 2087-2103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The results of the study presented in this report show that clones of env derived from genetically divergent HIV-1 field isolates fall into two major subsets based on the predicted secondary structure of the V3 region in gp120. One subset exemplified by the clones A-UG06c, B-RT3.12 and C-UG045 is predicted to assume a β-turn conformation in the V3 loop and comprises the GPG residues. The other subset exemplified by the clones D-UG23c and D-UG042 (G ) are deficient in the expression of the β-turn in the loop. Since secondary conformations are highly likely to confer antigenic properties in a protein backbone at least for B cells, we have used nucleic acid immunization to test the effect of the β-turn deficiency on the immunogenic potential of rgp120 encoded in these field isolates. As hypothesized, inoculation of BALB/c mice with the env plasmid encoding the β-turn expressing rgp120 molecules resulted in the development of a vigorous antibody response to the homologous V3 loop peptides. In contrast, immunization with an rgp120 clone deficient in the β-turn in the V3 loop showed no evidence of antibody development to the V3 loop. Instead, the latter clones triggered T cell proliferative responses and markedly increased the level of IL-2 and IFN-γ production by T cells. Significantly, reconstitution of the β-turn conformation by site-directed mutagenesis of a single V3 loop residue yielded rgp120 molecules which restored antibody production while diminishing the cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses to the V3 residue. These observations demonstrate the marked impact of a single amino acid substitution on the immunogenic properties of V3 region in gp120 encoded by divergent HIV-1 field isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050070041
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing the aerodynamic effects of tail elongations in the house martin (Delichon urbica): implications for the initial selection pressures in hirundines (2000)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 48 (2000), S. 364-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Flight performance ; Hirundines ; Natural selection ; Sexual selection ; Tail streamers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Of the three species of hirundine that breed sympatrically across the U.K., one, the barn swallow, has outer tail feathers elongated into streamers, whereas the other two species, the house martin and the sand martin, do not. The tail streamer of the barn swallow is regarded as a classic example of a sexually selected trait. Recent evidence, however, has suggested that streamers may have evolved largely through natural selection for enhanced flight performance and increased maneuverability. We tested the hypotheses that small streamers (1) increase performance in turning flight, but (2) decrease performance in flight variables related to velocity. We manipulated the lengths of house martin outer tail feathers and measured changes in their free-flight performance, using stereo-video to reconstruct the birds" three-dimensional flight paths. Five flight variables were found to best describe individual variation in flight performance. Of these five, the three variables determining maneuverability predicted that flight performance would be optimized by a 6- to 10-mm increase in the length of the outer tail feathers. In contrast, for mean velocity and mean acceleration, extension of the outer tail feathers appears to have a detrimental effect on flight performance. We suggest that the initial selection pressure for streamers in ancestral short-tailed "barn swallows" was via natural selection for increased maneuverability. In addition, we propose that the benefits of increased maneuverability have differed between hirundines in the past, such that the cost of increasing the length of the outer tail feather has, to date, outweighed the benefits of doing so in streamerless hirundines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650000250
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An optimal cam profile design considering dynamic characteristics of a cam-valve system (1989)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 29 (1989), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In this work, an optimal cam profile design method for an OHV-type cam-valve train is studied considering the dynamic characteristics of the valve system. When designing a cam profile for an internal combustion engine, it is desirable to make the valve lift area be as large as possible and the valve peak acceleration and seating velocity be as low as those can be within the cam-event angle. But, as we know, those features conflict with one another. An optimal design must strike a compromise between the two. Another important factor in valve train design is avoiding abnormal valve motions such as jump and bounce. It is known that jump and bounce are closely related to valve train dynamic characteristics. In this paper, a two-step optimization technique to design an optimal cam profile is proposed. In the first step, an attempt was made to maximize valve lift area without causing abnormal valve motions while satisfying all the given constraints such as cam-event angle, maximum valve acceleration, and cam displacements at both ends of the cam-event angle. Then, in the second step, minor modifications of the cam developed in the first step were made in order to reduce the cam acceleration while maintaining the maximized valve lift area and satisfying constrains obtained in the first step. In order to prove the effectiveness of the optimization method, the valve motion driven by the optimized cam was not only simulated with a four degree of freedom model but was also tested experimentally. It was found that the measured valve motions agree quite well with the simulation results. Comparing the valve motions of the optimized cam with those of the original cam, it was found that the optimized cam can increase the valve-lift area by 8.6 percent while reducing the peak cam acceleration by 28.7 percent. Also, it was noted that the optimized cam increases the cam-valve train operating speed at which jump and bounce occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02323851
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dehydroepiandrosterone and melatonin prevent Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin-induced TNF production in macrophages (2000)
    Springer
    Cell biology and toxicology 16 (2000), S. 165-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: anthrax lethal toxin ; cytokine ; dehydroepiandrosterone ; melatonin ; tumor necrosis factor α
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lethal toxin of Bacillus anthracis, which is composed of two separate proteinaceous exotoxins, namely protective antigen and lethal factor, is central to the pathogenesis of anthrax. Low levels of this toxin are known to induce release of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). In the present study we investigated the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), melatonin (MLT), or DHEA + MLT on production of lethal toxin-induced TNF-α in mouse peritoneal macrophages. We found that treatment with DHEA significantly inhibited the TNF-α production caused by anthrax lethal toxin. Exposure of MLT to anthrax lethal toxin-treated macrophages also decreased the release of TNF-α to the extracellular medium as compared to the control. However, combined use of DHEA and MLT also inhibited TNF-α release, but not more than single therapies. These results suggest that DHEA and MLT may have a therapeutic role in reducing the increased cytokine production induced by anthrax lethal toxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007606921569
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular calcium antagonist protects cultured peritoneal macrophages against anthrax lethal toxin-induced cytotoxicity (2000)
    Springer
    Cell biology and toxicology 16 (2000), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: anthrax lethal toxin ; cytotoxicity ; intracellular calcium antagonist ; macrophage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lethal toxin ofBacillus anthracis is central to the pathogenesis of anthrax. Using primary cultures of mouse peritoneal macrophages, we have demonstrated that intracellular calcium release inhibitors protect against anthrax lethal toxin-induced cytotoxicity. The cytolytic effect of anthrax lethal toxin was markedly reduced by dantrolene, an inhibitor of calcium release from intracellular calcium stores. Pretreatment of macrophages with cyclosporin A, which has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of calcium release from mitochondria, also protected cells against cytotoxicity. These results indicate that calcium release from intracellular store may be an essential step for the propagation of anthrax lethal toxin-induced cell damage in macrophages. Thus our findings suggest that dantrolene, cyclosporin A, and possibly other drugs affecting intracellular calcium pools might be effectively preventing the toxicity from anthrax lethal toxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007646227674
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