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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of plasma sheet dynamics during pseudobreakups and expansive aurorae (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 1127-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Global auroral images and plasma sheet ion distributions and magnetic field data are examined for two intervals when the Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) onboard the Polar spacecraft was imaging the entire northern auroral oval and, at the same time, the Wind spacecraft was passing through the near-Earth plasma sheet. On 26 July 1997, UVI recorded a series of brief, localized auroral brightenings known as pseudobreakups. On 27 March 1996, UVI observed several global expansions of auroral activity. Large variations in the magnetic field were observed by the Wind magnetometer, large velocity moments were derived from Wind ion measurements, and ions were accelerated to mega-electron-volt energies during both types of activity. The plasma sheet dynamics appear very similar during these two different types of auroral activities. Closer inspection of the ion distribution functions and energy spectra indicate that the plasma sheet dynamics need to be characterized kinetically. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1355679
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin of interplanetary sectors from radio observations (1970)
    Springer
    Solar physics 15 (1970), S. 48-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interplanetary sectors have been correlated to observations of solar coronal active centers and condensations in the metric wavelengths. We have found that (1) a sector boundary is always located to the west of a coronal condensation, and (2) the effect of active centers is to displace systematically the boundary toward the east, thus enlarging the sector. A physical interpretation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00149471
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetopause boundary structure deduced from the high-time resolution particle experiment on the Equator-S spacecraft (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1574-1581 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Magnetospheric physics (magnetopause ; cusp ; and boundary layers ; magnetospheric configuration and dynamics ; solar wind ; magnetosphere interactions)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An electrostatic analyser (ESA) onboard the Equator-S spacecraft operating in coordination with a potential control device (PCD) has obtained the first accurate electron energy spectrum with energies &7 eV-100 eV in the vicinity of the magnetopause. On 8 January, 1998, a solar wind pressure increase pushed the magnetopause inward, leaving the Equator-S spacecraft in the magnetosheath. On the return into the magnetosphere approximately 80 min later, the magnetopause was observed by the ESA and the solid state telescopes (the SSTs detected electrons and ions with energies &20–300 keV). The high time resolution (3 s) data from ESA and SST show the boundary region contains of multiple plasma sources that appear to evolve in space and time. We show that electrons with energies &7 eV–100 eV permeate the outer regions of the magnetosphere, from the magnetopause to &6Re. Pitch-angle distributions of &20–300 keV electrons show the electrons travel in both directions along the magnetic field with a peak at 90° indicating a trapped configuration. The IMF during this interval was dominated by Bx and By components with a small Bz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1574-3
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spacecraft potential control aboard Equator-S as a test for Cluster-II (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1582-1591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Space plasma physics (active perturbation experiments ; spacecraft sheaths ; wakes ; charging ; instruments and techniques)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The payload of Equator-S was complemented by the potential control device (PCD) to stabilise the electric potential of the spacecraft with respect to the ambient plasma. Low potentials are essential for accurate measurements of the thermal plasma. The design of PCD is inherited from instruments for Geotail and Cluster and utilises liquid metal ion sources generating a beam of indium ions at several keV. The set-up of the instrument and its interaction with the plasma instruments on board is presented. When the instrument was switched on during commissioning, unexpectedly high ignition and operating voltages of some ion emitters were observed. An extensive investigation was initiated and the results, which lead to an improved design for Cluster-II, are summarised. The cause of the abnormal behaviour could be linked to surface contamination of some emitters, which will be monitored and cured by on-board procedures in future. The mission operations on Equator-S were not at all affected, because of the high redundancy built into the instrument so that a sufficient number of perfectly operating emitters were available and were turned on routinely throughout the mission. Observations of the effect of spacecraft potential control on the plasma remained limited to just one event on January 8, 1998, which is analysed in detail. It is concluded that the ion beam lead to the predicted improvement of the particle measurements even outside the low density regions of the magnetosphere where the effect of spacecraft potential control would have been much more pronounced, and that the similar instruments for the four Cluster-II spacecraft to be launched in 2000 will be very important to ensure accurate plasma data from this mission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1582-3
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Testing electric field models using ring current ion energy spectra from the Equator-S ion composition (ESIC) instrument (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1611-1621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles trapped ; plasma convection ; storms and substorms)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract During the main and early recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm on February 18, 1998, the Equator-S ion composition instrument (ESIC) observed spectral features which typically represent the differences in loss along the drift path in the energy range (5–15 keV/e) where the drift changes from being E × B dominated to being gradient and curvature drift dominated. We compare the expected energy spectra modeled using a Volland-Stern electric field and a Weimer electric field, assuming charge exchange along the drift path, with the observed energy spectra for H+ and O+. We find that using the Weimer electric field gives much better agreement with the spectral features, and with the observed losses. Neither model, however, accurately predicts the energies of the observed minima.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1611-2
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual spacecraft observations of energetic particles in the vicinity of the magnetopause, bow shock, and the interplanetary medium (1978)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 22 (1978), S. 765-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This article presents some of the new and important particle features that have been detected in the energy range ∼ 1 keV to ≳290 keV by the ISEE-1 and -2 spacecraft near the magnetopause, bow shock, and the interplanetary space. Only examples of data from the first few orbits, when the spacecraft were on the front side, are shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212622
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A three-dimensional plasma and energetic particle investigation for the wind spacecraft (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 71 (1995), S. 125-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This instrument is designed to make measurements of the full three-dimensional distribution of suprathermal electrons and ions from solar wind plasma to low energy cosmic rays, with high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, good energy and angular resolution, and high time resolution. The primary scientific goals are to explore the suprathermal particle population between the solar wind and low energy cosmic rays, to study particle accleration and transport and wave-particle interactions, and to monitor particle input to and output from the Earth's magnetosphere. Three arrays, each consisting of a pair of double-ended semi-conductor telescopes each with two or three closely sandwiched passivated ion implanted silicon detectors, measure electrons and ions above ∼20 keV. One side of each telescope is covered with a thin foil which absorbs ions below 400 keV, while on the other side the incoming 〈400 keV electrons are swept away by a magnet so electrons and ions are cleanly separated. Higher energy electrons (up to ∼1 MeV) and ions (up to 11 MeV) are identified by the two double-ended telescopes which have a third detector. The telescopes provide energy resolution of ΔE/E≈0.3 and angular resolution of 22.5°×36°, and full 4π steradian coverage in one spin (3 s). Top-hat symmetrical spherical section electrostatic analyzers with microchannel plate detectors are used to measure ions and electrons from ∼3 eV to 30 keV. All these analyzers have either 180° or 360° fields of view in a plane, ΔE/E≈0.2, and angular resolution varying from 5.6° (near the ecliptic) to 22.5°. Full 4π steradian coverage can be obtained in one-half or one spin. A large and a small geometric factor analyzer measure ions over the wide flux range from quiet-time suprathermal levels to intense solar wind fluxes. Similarly two analyzers are used to cover the wide range of electron fluxes. Moments of the electron and ion distributions are computed on board. In addition, a Fast Particle Correlator combines electron data from the high sensitivity electron analyzer with plasma wave data from the WAVE experiment (Bougeretet al., in this volume) to study wave-particle interactions on fast time scales. The large geometric factor electron analyzer has electrostatic deflectors to steer the field of view and follow the magnetic field to enhance the correlation measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00751328
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