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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lymphatic system ; Ultrasound ; Multiple sclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary After indian ink or ferritin are introduced into the cerebral hemispheres or subdural space these substances can be found in the deep cervical lymph nodes. The transport of these substances can be enhanced and accelerated by the treatment of deep cervical lymph nodes by ultrasound. Treatment of the paravertebral region with ultrasound after the introduction of ferritin or indian ink subdurally is followed by the appearance of these substances in the suprarenal gland, the testis, epididymis and the prostate gland where they are conveyed by the lymphatic pathways. Thirty minutes after the injection of ferritin into an afferent lymphatic channel of a deep cervical lymphatic node pretreated with ultrasound, ferritin can be found in the pia and arachnoid membranes of the cerebral hemispheres. Ultrasound treatment of the cervical lymph nodes not only seems to enhance the drainage of this substance from the brain but if the dose of ultrasound is high the direction of the lymphatic flow may be reversed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 38 (1977), S. 73-76 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Spinocerebellar atrophy ; Central neurofibromatosis ; Cerebellar calcification ; Intracerebral neuroma ; Hallervorden-Spatz' syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A woman of 27 years without any family history developed a progressive spinocerebellar disorder and died 28 years later. The mean neuropathological findings were cerebello-olivary atrophy (late atrophy), degeneration of the dentate nuclei and brachia conjunctiva, degeneration of the pyramidal and spinocerebellar tracts and of the pars reticulata of substantia nigra. Findings according to Hallervorden-Spatz' disease were confined to the globus pallidus. Extensive calcification occurred in the cerebellar cortex and the dentate nuclei. Foci of atypical glia, glial ectopias, subependymal glial modules and focal neuromas were found in the brain. It is suggested that this unique case represents a combination of spinocerebellar degeneration and central neurofibromatosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 40 (1977), S. 277-278 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Spinal cord malformation ; Enterogenous intraspinal cyst ; Neurenteretic cyst ; Syringomyelia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A woman of 22 years developed heavy pain in the neck and arms with weakness and paresthesia. She died two days after a myelography which was normal. At autopsy an enterogenous extra- and intra-medullary cyst of the cervical cord (C 3, C 4) was found. In addition the cervical cord apart from the cyst and the uppermost thoracic cord presented central clefts which were filled with mucilage. These findings are named mucomyelia and have not been reported previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 26 (1973), S. 357-360 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis ; Schilder's Disease ; Adrenocortical Atrophy ; Addison's Disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A singular case of Schilder's diffuse cerebral sclerosis associated with adrenocortical atrophy (Addison's disease) and hyperplasie of the thymus is reported in a women aged 43 years. This appears to be the first observation of diffuse sclerosis with adrenal insufficiency in a female.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 209 (1975), S. 181-187 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Polyneuropathy ; Bacillary dysentery ; Renaut bodies ; Parkinsonism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein 50jähriger Mann erkrankt akut unter den Zeichen einer Polyneuropathie, gefolgt von Parkinsonismus und einem halluzinatorischen Psychosyndrom. Tod nach 6 Wochen in Schockzustand. Wenngleich nie Durchfälle bestanden, weist die Serologie auf eine Ruhrerkrankung hin. Die neuropathologische Untersuchung ergibt kein organisches Substrat für die Parkinsonsymptomatik. An peripheren Nerven sogenannte mucoide Degeneration, segmentale Entmarkungen mit mobilem Fettabbau und entzündliche Infiltrate in Peri- und Endoneurium. Weiter finden sich sehr zahlreiche Renautsche Körperchen, die als Organisationsprodukte der mucoiden Massen aufgefaßt werden. Da die ungewöhnliche Kombination von extrapyramidalen und polyneuritischen Symptomen bei der Ruhr bekannt ist, ist die Diagnose bacilläre Ruhr im Zusammenhang mit dem positiven Shigellentiter äußerst wahrscheinlich.
    Notes: Summary A man, aged 50, fell ill with polyneuropathy followed by parkinsonism and organic psychosis and died in a shock 6 weeks later. Serologic examination suggested bacillary dysentery, but the patient had no diarrhoea. The neuropathological examination did not reveal any organic substrat of parkinsonism. Peripheral nervs showed mucoid degeneration, segmental demyelination and lymphocytic infiltration of peri- and endoneurium. Many Renaut bodies were found wich seemed to arise from mucoid masses organized by cells of the endoneurium. Polyneuropathy and parkinsonism are well known neurological complications of bacillary dysentery and favour this diagnosis in accord with the serological findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 214 (1977), S. 295-299 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Dissecting aneurysm ; Juvenile stroke ; Vascular disorder ; Guillain-Barré-Syndrome ; Abdominal hemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the 8th month of her second pregnancy a young woman fell ill with polyradiculitis. She suddenly died because of a massive abdominal hemorrhage, the cause of which remained obscure. Autopsy revealed typical morphological findings of polyradiculoneuritis and a dissecting aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery and the recurrent artery of Heubner. The importance of elastic tissue degeneration in intracranial dissecting aneurysms is stressed and similar reports in the literature are referred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 211 (1975), S. 77-93 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Intracranial sarcomas ; Sarcomatosis of meninges ; Neoplastic meningitis ; Leptomeninges ; CSF cytology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An Hand von 6 Autopsiefällen wird die primäre Sarkomatose der Leptomeningen als eigener nosologischer Begriff herausgestellt. 5 männlichen Patienten stand nur 1 weiblicher gegenüber. Die Krankheitsdauer betrug in den meisten Fällen nur wenige Wochen. 2 Kleinkinder zeigten Symptome und Befunde wie bei einem umschriebenen Hirntumor, 2 ältere Erwachsene ein polyradikuloneuritisches Syndrom; 2 junge Erwachsene boten spinale Kompressionszeichen bzw. ein klinisches Mischbild. In fast allen Fällen blieben die Symptome lange Zeit fokal auf einen Teil des Nervensystems beschränkt. Der Liquor war in allen Fällen pathologisch; es fanden sich Eiweißerhöhung, Zuckererniedrigung und Pleocytosen verschiedenen Ausmaßes. Das Liquorsediment wurde in 3 Fällen cytologisch untersucht; bei allen ermöglichte der Nachweis maligner Tumorzellen die klinische Diagnose eines malignen meningealen Tumors. Die elektronenoptische Untersuchung der Liquorzellen eines Falles unterstrich den undifferenzierten Charakter der Tumorzellen. Autoptisch fanden sich keine Neoplasien außerhalb des ZNS. Eine diffuse Meningealinfiltration war schon makroskopisch bei allen Fällen zu erkennen. Histologisch wurden 3 Tumortypen unterschieden: polymorphzelliger Typ, undifferenzierte Form und Fibrosarkomatose. Das klinische Bild wird in Hinsicht auf Abgrenzung von anderen neoplastischen oder entzündlichen, insbesondere tuberkulösen Meningealinfiltrationen analysiert. Als wichtigster Schritt zur klinischen Diagnose wird die Prüfung der Liquorcytologie betrachtet. Die neuropathologischen Befunde unserer Fälle werden mit denen maligner Lymphome des ZNS, diffuser Medulloblastom-Aussaat, Melanoblastose und Gliomatose der Meningen verglichen. Auf die Herkunft der beschriebenen Tumoren wird kurz eingegangen. Die mißverständliche Bezeichnung „meningeale Meningiomatose“ für diese Geschwülste sollte fallengelassen werden.
    Notes: Summary 6 autopsy cases of primary leptomeningeal sarcomatosis are presented as a distinct nosological entity with a variable clinical picture and morphology in 5 males and 1 female. The clinical course from onset of symptoms till death ran for only a few weeks in most cases. 2 infants showed brain tumor symptoms and signs, 2 patients of advanced age presented a polyradiculoneuritic syndrome and 2 young adults had spinal cord compression symptoms and a mixed clinical form. In almost all cases, clinical symptoms and signs were for most of the course confined to one part of the neuraxis. The CSF was distinctly abnormal in all cases, showing elevated protein, depressed glucose and pleocytosis of variable extent. CSF sediment was investigated in 3 cases in all of which malignant tumor cells were found so a diagnosis of malignant meningeal tumor was made during life. Electron microscopy of CSF cells in 1 case confirmed the primitive character of the tumor cells. Complete autopsies revealed absence of any neoplasm outside of the CNS. Gross meningeal involvement was visible in all cases. Histologically, 3 tumor types were distinguished: polymorphic cell sarcoma, an undifferentiated form, and fibrosarcomatosis. Clinical data are analyzed in order to distinguish the condition from other neoplasms or infectious, especially tuberculous meningeal infiltrations. CSF cytology studies are considered the most useful step in clinical diagnosis. Neuropathological features are reviewed with stress on differentiation from malignant lymphomas of the CNS, diffusely spreading medulloblastoma, meningeal melanoblastosis and gliomatosis. The origin of meningeal sarcomatosis cells is briefly discussed. The use of the term “meningeal meningiomatosis” for this condition is deprecated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 229 (1983), S. 125-127 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis ; Transient global amnesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein 43jähriger Mann erkrankte an einer schweren globalen Gedächtnisstörung, vereinzelten Uncinatus-Anfällen und einem ersten, generalisierten Krampfanfall, 10 Tage nach einem fieberhaften Infekt. Liquorpleozytose und virologisch-serologische Befunde zeigten das Vorliegen einer akuten Epstein-Barr-Virusencephalitis. Alle Symptome verschwanden innerhalb von zwei Wochen. Lediglich gelegentliche, generalisierte Anfälle blieben bestehen. Dieser Fall scheint die erste Beobachtung einer Epstein-Barr-Virus-infektion zu sein, bei der eine transiente, globale Amnesie im Vordergrund steht.
    Notes: Summary A 43-year-old man developed severe global amnesia with uncinate fits and a single generalised convulsion 10 days after a febrile infection. CSF pleocytosis and serological findings indicated an acute Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis. All of the symptoms cleared within 2 weeks except for occasional generalised seizures. This seems to be the first observation of Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis presenting predominantly as transient global amnesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 214 (1971), S. 207-227 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Subacute Spongiform Encephalopathy ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome ; Conjugal Form ; Status Spongiosus ; Astroglia ; Nuclear Inclusions ; Slow Virus Disease ; Subakute spongiöse Encephalopathie ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrom ; Konjugale Form ; Status spongiosus ; Astroglia ; Kerneinschlüsse ; Slow Virus-Erkrankung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Klinisch-morphologischer Bericht über 9 Fälle von subakuter spongiöser Encephalopathie (Jakob-Creutzfeldt-Syndrom) im Alter von 27–71 Jahren mit einer Krankheitsdauer von 5 Wochen bis 3 Jahre bzw. einmal sogar 8 Jahre. Der klinische Verlauf zeigte 3 Stadien: neurasthenisch-ängstliches Prodromalstadium, dementes Vollbild mit cerebellar-extrapyramidalen und corticopyramidalen Symptomen und Ausgang in einem Decerebrationssyndrom. Nur 1 Fall zeigte Myoklonien, 3 weitere andere Dyskinesien.„Typische“ EEG-Veränderungen fanden sich nur in einem von 7 untersuchten Fällen. Die neuropathologische Symptomtrias — Spongiöse Umwandlung des Neuropils, Astrogliahyperplasie und Nervenzell-Schädigung — betraf vorwiegend die Großhirnrinde, Striatum und Thalamus; 3 mal bestand schwere Kleinhirnschädigung. Korrelationen zwischen Klinik, EEG und neuropathologischem Befund waren nicht faßbar. Nach der vorzugsweisen Verteilung der Rindenläsionen ließen sich 2 Hauptausbreitungsmuster — diffus und fokal — abgrenzen, die im Einzelfall eine auffallende Konstanz zeigten. Das wird als Ausdruck einer individuell variablen Reaktion des ZNS-Gewehes auf das als Slow-Virus vermutete ätiologische Agens gedeutet. Die bisher unbekannte Beobachtung eines konjugalen Auftretens der „ataktischen“ Form der JCE mit fast gleichzeitigem Erkrankungsbeginn und schwerer Kleinhirnatrophie vom Körnerzelltyp spricht für die infektiöse Genese der Erkrankung. Die Bedeutung der in 3 Fällen beobachteten Kerneinschlüsse in Astrogliazellen ist ungeklärt.
    Notes: Summary The following is a clinico-pathological report of 9 cases of subacute spongiform encephalopathy or Jakob-Creutzfeldt syndrome aged 27 to 71 years with a duration of illness from 5 weeks to 8 years. The clinical course showed 3 stages: a neurasthenic-anxious prodromal stage; full stage with dementia, cerebellar, extrapyramidal, and cortico-pyramidal symptoms; and final decerebrate state. Myoclonus was observed in one case; other dyskineasias were present in 3 more patients. “Typical” EEG findings were present only in one out of 7 examined cases. The neuropathological changes, characterized by spongy transformation of the neuropil, astroglial hyperplasia and neuronal damage, affected the cerebral cortex, striatum and thalamus. Severe cerebellar lesions were present in 3 cases. Correlations between clinical course, EEG findings and neuropathological findings could not be established. According to the predominant topographic distribution of the cortical lesions two patterns—diffuse and focal—could be separated which were observed with considerable consistency in one and the same case. These findings are believed to indicate a variable type of reaction of the CNS tissue in the individual case towards the aetiological agent, which is suggested as a slow virus. The hitherto unrecognized observation of a conjugal appearance of the “ataxic” type of JCS associated with a selective cell loss in the granular layer of the cerebellum is in favour of an infectious aetiology of the disorder. The significance of nuclear inclusions observed in the astroglia of 3 cases is obscure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 219 (1974), S. 179-186 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Ophthalmo-Encephalomyelitis ; Perivasculitis retinalis ; Neurobrucellosis ; Intracerebral Calcification ; Ophthalmoencephalomyelitis ; Perivasculitis retinalis ; Neurobrucellose ; Intracerebrale Verkalkungen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein kleinwüchsiger, mikrocephaler Mann, von Beruf Melker, erkrankt mit 27 Jahren an spinaler Symptomatik. In den nächsten Jahren entwickelt sich unter intermittierenden Fieberschüben eine Periphlebitis retinalis. Unter langsamer Zunahme der cerebrospinalen Symptomatik erblindet der Patient und verstirbt mit 48 Jahren. Die Untersuchung des Gehirns ergibt plasmatische Nekrosen, Narben, Entmarkungen und Verkalkungen im gesamten, abnorm kleinen ZNS, die als Folgen eines entzündlichen Gefäßprozesses aufgefaßt werden. Ätiologisch wird eine ausgebrannte Neurobrucellose vermutet. Das Zusammentreffen mit hereditärer, recessiv-geschlechtsgebundener Mikrocephalie wird als zufällig erachtet. Es handelt sich um die ersten neuropathologischen Befunde bei Periphlebitis retinalis.
    Notes: Summary A microcephalic man employed as a milker for many years acquired a spinal disease at the age of 27. In the following years he developed perivasculitis retinalis accompanied by intermittent fever. Cerebrospinal symptoms progressed slowly, the patient finally became blind, and died at the age of 48. Neuropathological examination revealed extensive plasmatic necroses, scars, demyelination, and calcification in the abnormally small CNS. These findings suggest an inflammatory vascular process possibly followed neurobrucellosis. That these are combined with recessive sex-linked hereditary microcephalia is considered accidental. This is the first presentation of neuropathologic findings in a case of perivasculitis retinalis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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