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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    201. Die dynamische Kompressionsplatte (DCP): Technische und biologische Untersuchungen (1974)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 337 (1974), S. 852-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Fractures ; Treatment of Compression Plate ; Frakturbehandlung ; Kompressionsplatte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die dynamische Kompressionsplatte stellt eine Weiterentwicklung der bewährten AO-Rundlochplatte dar. Die experimentelle Abklärung zeigt, daß rich mit der DCP günstige Kompressionswerte mit geringer Streuung realisieren lassen. Die initial erreichte Kompression nimmt in vivo als Ausdruck erhaltener Stabilität nur langsam ab. Im Tierexperiment konnte selbst unter erschwerten Bedingungen regelmäßig eine primary Knochenheilung beobachtet werden.
    Notes: Summary The dynamic compression plate represents a further development of the conventional ASIF compression plate with round screw holes which has stood the test of time. Experimental investigation of its technical characteristics has proved that adequate compression is achieved with little variation. The compression initially obtained decreases very gradually in vivo, which means that the rigidity of fixation is maintained. In the animal, primary fracture healing was regularly observed even under difficult experimental conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01278833
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alizarinkompléxon — Fluorochrom zur Markierung von Knochen- und Dentinanbau (1972)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 28 (1972), S. 180-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alizarin complexone is a red fluorochrome bonding to calcifying tissues. Its doses needed for labelling have less toxicity than those of Alizarin red S or Hematoporphyrin. Alizarin complexone is suitable for use alone, or in combination with Tetracycline, Calcein, Calcein blue and Xylenol orange for polychrome sequential labelling of bone or dentin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01935743
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Galcein blue as a fluorescent label in bone (1970)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 519-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Calceinblau ergibt, in Knochen eingebaut, unter UV-Bestrahlung eine klar erkennbare blaue Fluoreszenz. Calceinblau eignet sich vor allem für Mehrfarbmarkierung des Knochens in Kombination mit Tetracyclin und Calcein oder DCAF. Solche Mehrfarbmarkierungen erleichtern das Studium des Knochenumbaus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01898484
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaming versus non-reaming in medullary nailing: Interference with cortical circulation of the canine tibia (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 109 (1990), S. 314-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Medullary nails have only been used with reluctance in the treatment of open fractures since reaming interferes with the cortical circulation. The technique of interlocking offers the interesting possibility of inserting a relatively stiff nail which does not necessarily require reaming. The effects of reaming prior to nail insertion upon the cortical circulation was investigated in the canine tibia. Intravital staining with procion red was used to trace areas of disturbed circulation. Nail insertion without reaming provided clear advantages for the bone's blood supply, while reaming disturbed perfusion in two-thirds of the cortical area and regionally extended through the entire thickness of the cortex. The disturbance without reaming was limited to the inner layer of the cortex and involved only one-third of the cortical cross-section.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00636168
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of monocyte chemotaxis in devascularized rabbit bone (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 109 (1990), S. 97-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Temporary impairment of blood supply has been suggested to cause bone remodeling. The degradation of cells and matrix and the attraction of resorbing cells were examined in this study. Bone specimens of rabbits were stored in vitro for 2–20 days. At the end of this aging process the probes were tested for their chemotactic activity toward autologous leukocytes in a diffusion chamber. Both supernatant from the aged bone specimens and ground bone particles exhibited significant chemotactic activity that was specifically attracting monocytes. It is suggested that soluble bone matrix proteins or degeneration products liberated during ischemic damage to cortical bone initiate the resorptive process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00439387
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of animal species and age on plate-induced vascular damage in cortical bone (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 111 (1992), S. 78-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plates used for fracture fixation produce vascular injury to the underlying cortical bone. During the recovery of the blood supply, temporary osteoporosis is observed as a result of Haversian remodeling of the necrotic bone. This process temporarily reduces the strength of the bone. We tackled the postulate that quantitative differences exist between animal species, and in different bones within the same species, due to variations in the relative importance of the endosteal and periosteal blood supplies. Using implants scaled to the size of the bone, we found comparable cortical vascular damage in the sheep and in the dog, and in the tibia and femur of each animal. We observed a significant reduction in cortical vascular damage using plates that had a smaller contact area with the underlying bone. No significant difference in cortical vascular damage was noted in animals of different ages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443472
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interface reactions between biodegradable implants and avascular bone grafts or vascular host site in the porcine skull (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 181-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Poly-L-lactide (PLLA) threaded pins and polydioxanon (PDS) woven bands were used to stabilize bone fragments in the reconstruction of the calvaria of 27 minipigs. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the rate of degradation of resorbable implants is low enough to maintain fixation until the bone has united and, at the same time, high enough to ensure that the implant material loses its strength and no longer interferes with bone growth and remodelling. The experiment lasted between 1 and 24 weeks. Staining in vivo and radiographs were performed throughout the experiment. The treated calvaria were cut into thin sections and examined microradiographically and histologically. The results confirmed that the form of the skull could be sufficiently maintained in the animal experiment over the given periods to warrant the use of such fixations in craniofacial surgery. The use of degradable material could eliminate the possible need for a second operation to remove implants and would reduce interference with the growth process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120297
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for quantitative histomorphometric evaluation of soft tissue reactions to implants (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1994), S. 557-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The spatial distribution and concentration of distinct cellular elements, and the width of the reaction zone are of particular interest in the evaluation of the compatibility of implant materials. There is a dilemma in the use of interactive histomorphometric evaluation system, At low magnifications cell differentiation is difficult and at high magnification (x400) correct cell differentiation is possible but the evaluated area adjacent to the implant border is small and therefore not necessarily representative. The solution could be the evaluation of random samples at precise localization under high magnification. A light microscope with a software-controlled motorized stage is connected to a personal computer. The software allows definition of one or more polygonal areas at low magnification. A random generator determines the coordinates of the microscopic fields to be analysed and the motorized stage moves automatically to these coordinates. The number of microscopic fields which it is necessary to evaluate in each sample is calculated by the statistical methods described by Stein which take the heterogeneity of the histological structures into account. A software package ranks the various cells at selectable class intervals off the material-tissue interface (distance histogram). Data are stored in ASCII format, which allows importation into any evaluation software. The use of statistical methods seems to be justified for quantitative biocompatibility testing when the tissue encapsulating the implant is heterogeneous and larger than the suitable optical field of the microscope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00124889
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parodontale und alveoläre Reaktionen bei kippender Zahnbelastung — eine tierexperimentelle Untersuchung (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 46 (1985), S. 149-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Lower premolars of beagle-dogs were loaded with static and dynamic tipping forces. The force magnitude was 10 to 30 N, the duration of loading reached from single impulses to continuous static and dynamic loads 6 to 7 hours. By measuring the displacement of two points on the crown the axis of rotation was calculated for single load impulses. By intravital disulfin-blue injection, blood circulation and perfusion was demonstrated. Changes in shape of the periodontium and disturbances of circulation and perfusion were measured and observed in histologic sections. Conclusions about early periodontal and alveolar reactions could be drawn. As far as possible the therapeutic significances are discussed.
    Abstract: Résumé Les prémolaires inférieures des chiens-beagles ont été chargées avec des forces dynamiques et statiques, provoquant un déplacement par bascule. L'amplitude des forces montait de 10 à 30 N. Trois types de forces furent appliquées: 1. une simple impulsion; 2. force variable d'une fréquence de 0,1 à 0,6 Hz pendant 6 à 7 heures; 3. force continue pendant 6 à 7 heures. Pour l'impulsion simple, nous avons déterminé l'axe de rotation en enregistrant le mouvement de la couronne en deux points situés à des niveaux différents. Pour les autres types de force nous avons observé histologiquement des changements parodontaux et des troubles circulatoires (injection i.v. de disulphine-bleue). Ainsi, on pouvait constater des réactions précoces provoquées par l'application de forces. Nous essayons d'interpréter ces réactions dans un but thérapeutique.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unterkieferprämolaren von Beagle-Hunden wurden mit kontrollierten dynamischen und statischen kippenden Kräften belastet. Die Kraftgröße betrug 10 bis 30 N, die Belastungszeit reichte von impulsförmigen Einzelbelastungen bis zu statischen und dynamischen Dauerbelastungen von 6 bis 7 Stunden. Durch Ableitung der Kronenauslenkung an zwei Punkten wurde die Rotationsachse für impulsförmige Einzelbelastungen berechnet. Mit Hilfe der intravitalen Disulfinblau-Injektion wurden die Zirkulations- und Perfusionsverhältnisse dargestellt. Veränderungen der Parodontalspaltbreite und Zirkulations-bzw. Perfusionsstörungen wurden an histologischen Schnitten gemessen und beobachtet. Es können damit über frühe belastungsbedingte parodontale und alveoläre Reaktionen Aussagen gemacht werden. Soweit möglich, wird auf therapeutische Konsequenzen eingegangen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02167529
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß statischer magnetischer Felder auf die Aktivität von Osteoblasten: eine In-vitro-Untersuchung (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 53 (1992), S. 218-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the influence of static magnetic fields can be demonstrated in an osteoblast cell culture. For this in-vitro study we used osteoblasts originating from the embryonal calyariae of rats. The total material (n=41) was divided in four group: a) cell cultures submitted to the fields of attracting magnets (n=11), b) cell cultures in the fields of repelling magnets (n=10), c) cell cultures under the influence of demagnetized magnets (sham group, n=11), d) control cultures (n=9). The cell cultures were subjected for 21 days to magnetie fields (intensity 178 ml) using Neodynium magnets. Osteoblast activity was histo chemically determined by staining the alkaline phosphatase produced. The quantitative evaluation was performed by measuring the optical density of the cell cultures and the results were statistically analysed. The results of these in-vitro study are 1. The optical density of the cell cultires was nearly the same in samples with or without the influence of magnetic fields. 2. No divergent reaction could be found between the application of homogeneous and heterogeneous magnetie fields. 3. The different orientation of homogeneous magnetic fields in vertical or horizontal direction did not effect the osteobfast cell culture. 4. The cellular distribution in the osteoblast cultures does not follow the orientation of the magnetic field lines. 5. The form of the osteoblasts was nearly the same among all four groups. According to our results a potential influence of static magnetic fields with an intensity of 178 mT on osteoblast activity could not be determined in the cell culture by evaluating the alkaline phosphatase production.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Beeinflussung von Osteoblasten durch statische Magnetfelder wurde in vitro überprüft. Dazu wurden embryonale Osteoblasten von Rattenkalvarien in vitro dem Einfluß von Neodynium-Magneten (Intensität 178 mT) ausgesetzt. Als Marker für die Osteoblastenaktiyität diente die alkalische Phosphatase, die histochemisch nachgewiesen und semiquantitativ bestimmt wurde. Neben Kontrollgruppen mit entimagnetisierten Magneten (n=11) und ohne Magneten (n=9) wurden Magnetkonfigurationen mit anziehenden (n=11) und mit abstoßenden Magneten (n=10) verwendet. Es zeigte sich, daß die Form der Osteoblasten nicht von statischen Magneffeldern beeinflußt wird, ebenso orientieren sie sich nicht an den Feldlinien. Heterogene und homogene statische Magnetfelder haben ebenso wie eine unterschiedliche vertikale und horizontale Orientierung homogener Felder keine Wirkung auf die produzierte alkalische Phosphatase. Nach den Ergebnissen dieser In vitro-Studie war kein signitikanter Effekt statischer magnetischer Felder mit der Intensität von 178 mT auf Osteoblastenkulturen zu beobachten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327638
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