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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Concentrations of chlorophyll a/freshweight (Chl a FW) and photosynthetic pigments/chlorophyll a were studied during one growing season in the current year's (CYN) and last year's needles (LYN) from Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) grown under natural or close-to-natural climate. Climate regimes differed in photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), temperature (T) and UV-B radiation. Pigments were not affected by UV-B but most of the differences between climate regimes, and also seasonal variations within climate regimes, could be related to PAR and T. Generally, two types of response to climate were observed: firstly, pigments reacted primarily to PAR without marked sensitivity to T and exhibited slow response times (〉 30 d), and, secondly, pigments were affected by the combined action of PAR and T and responded faster than 20 d. The Chl a FW and chlorophyll b/chloprophyll a ratio exhibited slow-type response in CYN and fast-type response in LYN. Higher amplitudes in CYN than in LYN were observed for the latter two parameters, which are known to be associated with levels of pigment–protein complexes. It is suggested that slow response in CYN ensures that the high investments in proteins in these needles occur only in response to longer-lasting climate episodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 35 (1957), S. 195-196 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 35 (1957), S. 1188-1189 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schlaganfall ; Rehabilitation ; Anschlußheilbehandlung ; Key words Stroke ; Postacute rehabilitation ; Deficit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A standardized postacute inpatient rehabilitation program (Anschlußheilbehandlung) after stroke is well established in Germany. Yet the needs of patients being admitted to an Anschlußheilbehandlung (AHB) are not completely known. Therefore sociodemographic data, handicap, impairment and neuropsychologic deficits in 200 stroke patients were evaluated before admission to an AHB with different scores (Barthel, modified Rankin Score, NIHSS, HAWIE-R, Wilde, etc.). About half of the patients were still working prestroke. Most patients suffered from several vascular risk factors, which were insufficiently treated, and about a third of the patients had cerebrovascular disease prior to this stroke. At admission to the rehabilitation program the group of patients with severe neurological deficits was small. In average the disability was rather moderate (Rankin=2,6). Mainly gait and finger dexterity were handicapped. Functional impairment was outweighed by neuropsychological deficits.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Anschlußheilbehandlung (AHB) ist ein fester Bestandteil der postakuten Rehabilitation nach einem Schlaganfall. Zwar gibt es genaue Vorgaben zur AHB von Seiten der Kassen- und Rentenversicherungsträger, unklar ist jedoch, welche Patienten in eine AHB eingewiesen werden, welche Störungen sie noch aufweisen und welche Anforderungen sie an eine AHB stellen. Prospektiv wurden 200 Patienten untersucht, die nach einem Schlaganfall an einer AHB teilnahmen. Neben relevanten soziodemographischen und medizinischen Daten wurden verschiedene neurologische (Barthel, modifizierter Rankin Score, NIHSS u.a.) und neuropsychologische (Teile des HAWIE-R, BAT, Wilde u.a.) Meßinstrumente verwendet. Über die Hälfte der Patienten, die in eine AHB nach einem Schlaganfall eingewiesen wurden, stand noch im aktiven Erwerbsleben. Viele Patienten litten unter unzureichend behandelten Risikofaktoren und hatten bereits vaskuläre Vorerkrankungen bevor sie den aktuellen Schlaganfall erlitten. Die neurologischen Störungen waren eher moderat, wohingegen durchschnittlich ganz erhebliche neuropsychologische Leistungseinbußen bestanden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 49 (1965), S. 376-397 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary For coreless induction furnaces with conductive crucibles formulae are evaluatet for the electrical quantities, for the allotment of the power to the coil, crucible and pool and for the pressure in the pool. The calculations are examplified and compared with practice.
    Notes: Übersicht Für kernlose Induktionsöfen mit elektrisch leitendem Tiegel wird ein Berechnungsverfahren für die elektrischen Größen, für die Aufteilung der Ofenleistung auf Spule, Tiegel und Schmelzgut und für die Größe des Baddruckes abgeleitet. Das Verfahren wird anhand von Beispielen erläutert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 52 (1968), S. 176-195 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents A numerical method to calculate with digital computers twodimensional or rotationssymmetric magnet fields in devices with iron, air, currents and permanentmagnets is described.
    Notes: Übersicht Es wird ein numerisches Verfahren zur Berechnung zweidimensionaler, bzw. rotationssymmetrischer Magnetfelder in Anordnungen mit Eisenteilgebieten, Lufträumen, stromdurchflossenen Wicklungen und Permanentmagneten mittels digitaler Rechenmaschinen beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 51 (1966), S. 58-74 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents For the eddy-current losses and the complex impedance of rectangular hallow tubes, which are used in electrical machines and coils for induction heating, equations will be evaluated. Calculations are examplified and compared with practice.
    Notes: Übersicht Ein Berechnungsverfahren für die Wirbelstromverluste und für den komplexen Widerstand von rechteckförmigen Hohlleitern in Nuten elektrischer Maschinen und in Spulenanordnungen wird angegeben und an verschiedenen Beispielen erläutert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 53 (1969), S. 69-83 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents A numerical method to calculate with digital computers by means of difference equations the inductance and the effective resistance of conductors in slots of electrical machines is described.
    Notes: Übersicht Es wird ein numerisches Verfahren zur Berechnung der Nutstreuung und der Wirbelströmung in Nutenleitern elektrischer Maschinen mittels einer programmierbaren, digitalen Rechenmaschine beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Herzchirurgie – multiples Organversagen (MOF) – akutes Atemnotsyndrom des Erwachsenen (ARDS) – Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) – Xanthinderivate ; Key words Cardiac surgery – multiple organ failure (MOF) – adult respiratory distress syndrom (ARDS) – systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) – xanthine derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The potential therapeutic effect of intravenous 3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)xanthine (Pentoxifylline) in patients at risk for developing multiple organ failure following major cardio-thoracic surgery was assessed. Forty petients having APACHE II score values ≥19 at the first postoperative day after major cardio-thoracic surgery were randomized into two groups to receive either placebo (Control; n=25) or intravenous pentoxifylline (1.5 mg/kg/h) treatment (Pentoxifylline; n=15) as an adjunct to standard supportive therapy. The control group patients as compared to pentoxifylline treated patients required a longer period of time of ventilator support (8.3±3.1 days vs. 3.1±0.9 days; p〈0.05), experienced a higher incidence of renal failure (days on dialysis/hemofiltration: 6.8±3.3 vs 1.2±0.8; p〈0.05) and a longer ICU stay (11.4±3.1 vs. 5.2±1.1 days; p〈0.05). Overall mortality was not different between treatment groups. The results of this first clinical pilot study suggest that supplemental intravenous pentoxifylline treatment may decrease the incidence of acute lung injury and renal failure in patients after cardiac surgery.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer ersten klinischen Pilotstudie wurde die Wirksamkeit einer kontinuierlichen intravenösen Infusion des Xanthinderivates Pentoxifyllin zur Reduktion der Inzidenz des akuten Lungenversagens bei Hochrisiko-Patienten nach großen herzchirurgischen Eingriffen untersucht. Unter 816 konsekutiv operierten Patienten wurden 40 Patienten mit einem hohen Risiko für die Entwicklung eines Multiorganversagens anhand des APACHE II Scores (≥19) am ersten postoperativen Tag identifiziert. Die Patienten wurden in zwei Gruppen randomisiert: Standard-Behandlung (Kontrolle n=25) oder Standard-Behandlung+Pentoxifyllin-Therapie (Pentoxifyllin n=15). Primäre Studienendpunkte waren die Dauer der Beatmungspflichtigkeit, die Inzidenz eines akuten Nierenversagens (Dialyse-/Hämofiltrationspflichtigkeit) und die Verweildauer auf der Intensivstation. Die Ergebnisse von 37 der 40 Patienten konnten ausgewertet werden. Die Pentoxifyllin-Therapie (kontinuierliche intravenöse Infusion von 1,5 mg/kg/h) wurde gut toleriert; es wurden keine anhaltenden signifikanten Nebenwirkungen beobachtet. Die Dauer der Beatmung war signifikant kürzer in der Pentoxifyllin-Gruppe (3,1±0,9 die) als in der Kontrollgruppe (8,3+3,1 die, p=0,037) Im Vergleich zu den mit Pentoxifyllin behandelten Patienten trat bei den Kontroll-Patienten häufiger ein therapiepflichtiges Nierenversagen auf (Dialysetage 6,8±3,3 vs. Pentoxifyllin-Gruppe: 1,2+0,8 die, p=0,048). Die Verweildauer auf der Intensivstation war signifikant kürzer bei den Pentoxifyllin-behandelten Patienten (5,2±1,1 vs. 1,4±3,1 die; p〈0,05). Die Gesamtletalität betrug 36% in der Kontrollgruppe und 33% in der Pentoxifyllin-Gruppe und war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich. Zusammengefaßt konnten wir in dieser ersten klinischen Pilotstudie zeigen, daß eine kontinuierliche Infusion von Pentoxifyllin bei Hochrisiko-Patienten nach großen herzchirurgischen Eingriffen die Inzidenz des akuten Lungen-, und Nierenversagens reduzieren kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 365 (1999), S. 158-162 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The suitability of PVD films of γ-Al2O3 and of ternary Al-O-N as diffusion barriers between a nickel based superalloy CMSX-4 and NiCoCrAlY for a possible application in gas turbines was investigated. Therefore, an Al2O3 film and, alternatively, an Al-O-N film were deposited on CMSX-4 at 100 °C substrate temperature by means of reactive magnetron sputtering ion plating (MSIP). After characterization of composition and structure of the films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (XRD), a NiCoCrAlY coating was deposited onto the diffusion barriers and, for comparison, directly onto CMSX-4 by MSIP as well. The composites were annealed for 4 h at 1100 °C under inert atmosphere. Wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) element mappings and line-scans of the cross-sectional cut served to evaluate the suitability of the films as diffusion barriers. After detachment of the coatings from the substrate, the phase stabilities of the two metastable phases γ-Al2O3 and Al-O-N were determined by means of grazing incidence XRD. Without a diffusion barrier, enhanced interdiffusion was observed. Analyses of the composite with the γ-Al2O3 interlayer revealed diffusion of Ti and Ta from the substrate into the NiCoCrAlY coating. No interdiffusion of Ni, Ti, Ta, and Cr could be detected in case of the ternary Al-O-N film. Whereas the ternary Al-O-N film remained in the as-deposited X-ray amorphous structure after annealing, a phase change from the γ to the α modification could be observed in case of the Al2O3 film, presumably responsible for its lower efficiency as a diffusion barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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