Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 356 (1972), S. 42-57 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 100 einzeitig 5/6-nephrektomierten Ratten wurde unter regelmäßiger Kontrolle von Serumharnstoff-N, Serumelektrolyten, Harnmenge und renaler Eiweißausscheidung 1, 2, 3 und 4 Tage sowie 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 20 und 25 Wochen post op. das verbliebene Nierenparenchym von jeweils 4 Tieren lichtmikroskopisch untersucht. Die morphologischen Veränderungen lassen sich 3 Phasen zuordnen: I. Phase des akuten Schadens, II. Phase der kompensatorischen Nierenvergrößerung und III. Phase der Spätschäden. In der 1. Phase (1. postoperative Woche) treten infolge des operativen Eingriffes und der Traumatisierung des Parenchyms viele Einzelzellnekrosen im gesamten Nephron, vereinzelt sogar kleinere inkomplette bis komplette Infarkte auf. Die 2. Phase, die ungefähr vom 2. Tag bis zur 6. Woche post op. dauert, ist anfangs durch zahlreiche Mitosen besonders in den proximalen Tubuli, später durch eine kräftige Hypertrophie der Nierenkörperchen und der Nierenkanälchen gekennzeichnet. Die Restniere kann dabei um das 5–6fache schwerer werden. Damit ist eine Steigerung der Resorptions- und Sekretionskapazität des tubulären Apparates verbunden, die jedoch offenbar hinter der Erhöhung des Ultrafiltrates zurückbleibt, so daß Polyurie, Azotämie und Salzverlust resultieren. In der Phase der Spätschäden (9.–25. Woche post op.) entwickeln alle Ratten eine Glomerulosklerose, die mit einer über die Norm gesteigerten Proteinurie einhergeht. Gelegentlich findet man daneben eine hochdruckbedingte Arteriolosklerose mit nachfolgenden glomerulären Schäden sowie (pyelo-)nephritisch bedingte Veränderungen am tubulären Apparat und den Glomeruli.
    Notes: Summary Subtotal (five-sixths) nephrectomy was performed on 100 male rats. Weekly the serum was analysed for urea-N, sodium, calcium and potassium, and the urine volume and the renal protein leakage were measured. The animals were killed 1, 2, 3, 4 days and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 20, and 25 weeks after nephrectomy. The renal remnant was weighed and examined light-microscopically. The morphologic changes were classified in 3 stages: I. stage of acute lesions, II. stage of compensatory renal hypertrophy, and III. stage of late alterations. The first stage of the experiment (1st week post op.) was characterized by necrosis of many epithelial cells involving the whole nephron; small incomplete and complete infarctions were occasionally found. In the 2nd stage, continuing from the 2nd day until the 6th week, the animals initially showed numerous dividing cells especially in the proximal tubules. Later there was a distinct hypertrophy of glomeruli and tubules, which were also markedly dilated. The kidney remnant had often increased five to six times in weight. The renal hypertrophy was associated with an increase of both glomerular filtration rate and capacity of reabsorption and secretion. Nevertheless, all partially nephrectomized rats showed a continual renal insufficiency with polyuria and azotemia and a so-called salt loosing nephritis. In the last stage (9th–25th week post op.) the rats always developed a glomerulosclerosis, which led to increased proteinuria. Also pyelonephritis and arteriolar sclerosis with vascular glomerular lesions, caused by hypertension, were sometimes noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 352 (1971), S. 141-156 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der auf Grund zahlreicher Beobachtungen beim Menschen vermutete Kausalzusammenhang von Nierenvenenthrombose und nephrotischem Syndrom wurde experimentell überprüft. Bei 30 Ratten wurde durch subtotale Ligatur der linken Nierenvene eine partielle bis totale Thrombosierung des Gefäßlumens erzeugt, die nachfolgende Proteinurie und Dysproteinämie sowie die licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch sichtbaren Veränderungen am Glomerulus in wöchentlichen Abständen bis zu einem halben Jahr kontrolliert. Im Anschluß an die Drosselung entwickelte sich eine höchstens mittelgradige, nur einige Wochen andauernde Proteinurie und gelegentlich eine leichte Hypoalbuminämie und Dysproteinämie. Der renale Eiweißverlust ist nach den am Glomerulus erhobenen Befunden auf den erhöhten Filtrationsdruck und vor allem auf hypoxische Schäden der für den glomerulären Filter verantwortlichen visceralen Deckzellen zurückzuführen. Es konnte nicht das Bild der sog. „membranösen Transformation“ erzeugt werden, das bei den Fällen von menschlicher Nierenvenenthrombose mit nephrotischem Syndrom an den Capillarschlingen auftritt und mit den Veränderungen bei der membranösen Glomerulonephritis identisch ist. Es wird daher die Vermutung geäußert, daß ein voll ausgebildetes nephrotisches Syndrom bei Nierenvenenthrombose des Menschen nicht Folge, sondern entweder akzidentelles Begleitphänomen oder sogar Ursache der Nierenvenenthrombose ist.
    Notes: Summary The causality of renal vein thrombosis and nephrotic syndrome presumed on the strength of many clinical observations was proved experimentally. In 30 rats a partial to total unilateral thrombosis was produced by a subtotal ligation of the left renal vein. The subsequent proteinuria and dysproteinemia as well as the light and electron microscopic alterations of the glomerulus were verified very week from 7 days to half a year. At the most a moderate proteinuria, continuing only several weeks, and occasionally a low hypoalbuminemia and dysproteinemia developed after the renal vein constriction. The renal protein leakage is due to the increased renal venous pressure and hypoxic damages of the podocytes controlling glomerular filter. The picture of so-called “membranous transformation”, which is found in cases of human renal vein thrombosis associated with nephrotic syndrome and which completely corresponds to the alterations in membranous glomerulonephritis could not be induced. Therefore, we suggest that a fully developed nephrotic syndrome combined with renal vein thrombosis in man is not the result, but rather either an accidental accompaning phenomenon or the reason for the renal vein thrombosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 350 (1970), S. 240-249 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 2 Fällen menschlicher kombinierter Schrumpfnieren infolge Glomerulo- und Pyelonephritis werden weitgehend isolierte Basalmembranverkalkungen des proximalen Nierentubulus beschrieben. Im Verlaufe der Calcifikation sproßt durch Lücken in der Basalmembran Bindegewebe aus dem Interstitium in den tubulären Raum ein und hebt das Tubulusepithel von der verkalkten Basalmembran ab. Dabei kann es zur Bildung einer basalmembran-ähnlichen Struktur zwischen Tubuluszellen und eingesproßtem capillarhaltigen Bindegewebe kommen. Die pathogenetischen Faktoren der Basalmembranverkalkung werden in einem sekundären Hyperparathyreoidismus bei gleichzeitiger nephrogener Vitamin D-Resistenz und in Hämodialysefolgen erblickt.
    Notes: Summary In two cases of human combined contracted kidneys (post glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis) calcification restricted almost entirely to the basement membrane of the renal proximal tubules is described. With progressing calcification connective tissue grew from the interstitium into the tubular space through gaps in the basement membrane and removed the tubular epithelium from the calcified membrane. Thereby a basement membrane like structure was able to develop between tubular cells and the ingrowing capillaries and connective tissue. Secondary hyperparathyreoidism associated with nephrogenic vitamin D-resistance and many hemodialyses were regarded as the pathogenetic factors leading to the calcification of the tubular basement membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 54-60 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Essential hypertension ; Rarefaction ; Capillary bed ; Transcapillary fluid exchange ; Quadriceps muscle ; Pectoralis major muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary There is evidence that the rarefaction of the capillary bed is typical for the skeletal muscle of spontaneously hypertensive rats. We were therefore interested to learn whether there is also a rarefaction in skeletal muscle of human hypertensives. The number of capillaries was morphometrically analysed and counted in the quadriceps and the pectoralis major muscles of human normotensives (n=12) and hypertensives (n=15). The clinical diagnosis and certain pathological criteria, such as blood pressure (with or without antihypertensive therapy), heart weight, left ventricular wall thickness, the state of kidney arterioles and brain, and heart vessels, were used to classify the patients into two groups. The dissected tissue samples were prepared according to the GMA method and the capillary numbers per area were counted using light microscopy (250×). The quadriceps muscle had a capillary density (per 2.5 mm2) of 442±51 in normotensives and 277±41 in hypertensive patients; in the pectoralis major muscle we counted 477±30 in controls and 232±28 in hypertensives. The rarefaction in the quadriceps muscle ranged by about 37%, in the pectoralis major muscle by about 51%. It is suggested that the reduction of the capillary surface area caused by the capillary rarefaction reduces the transcapillary fluid exchange and in that way prevents an overperfusion of the terminal vascular bed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 563-567 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Structure of the nucleolus ; Inhibition of the RNA- and protein synthesis ; Correlation of nucleolar structure and function ; Nukleolusstruktur ; RNS-Synthese-Störung ; Proteinsynthese-Störung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wenn man mit Antimetaboliten die RNS- und Proteinsynthese unterbindet, verändert der Nukleolus sein Aussehen. Dabei treten bei der elektronenmikroskopischen Betrachtung ganz unterschiedliche Nukleolusalterationen auf, je nachdem, wo die Synthesekette unterbrochen worden ist. Wenn die Transkription an der DNS gestört ist, kommt es zu einer Trennung der einzelnen Nukleoluskomponenten, zur Segregation. Bei Transformations- (Reifungs-)störungen nehmen die Fibrillen des Nukleolus stark an Zahl zu, die Granula verschwinden dagegen nahezu völlig. Der umgekehrte Vorgang ist zu beobachten, wenn die nukleoläre Stoffabgabe blockiert ist (=Transmissionsstörung): der Nukleolus besteht hier fast nur noch aus Granula und ist stark vergrößert. Translationsstörungen haben keinen unmittelbaren Einfluß auf das Aussehen des Nukleolus. Erst wenn die Bildung der mRNS längere Zeit unterbunden ist, schrumpft der Nukleolus und verarmt an Granula. Die Kenntnis der morphologischen Nukleolusbefunde nach Gabe von Inhibitoren der RNS-Synthese mit klar definiertem Wirkmechanismus sollte es gestatten, ähnliche Nukleolusveränderungen — etwa bei Krebs- und Virus-infizierten Zellen — auf molekularbiologischer Basis zu deuten.
    Notes: Summary In cells treated with antimetabolites to inhibite RNA- and protein synthesis, electron microscopic studies reveal structural alterations of the nucleolus. The morphological appearance of the nucleolus differs depending of the inhibitor used. If transscription is prevented, segregation of nucleolar components is observed. Inhibition of processing of newly synthesized RNA results in a degranulation and an increase in the amount of nucleolar fibrils. A disturbance of the release of nucleolar ribonucleoproteins into the cytoplasm leads to an enlargement and a hypergranulation of the nucleolus. On the other hand interruption of translation of mRNAs has no immediate effect on the appearance of the nucleolar structure. Only after longer treatment of the cells with the translation inhibitor the nucleolus shrinks and becomes degranulated. The use of inhibitors with clearly defined mechanisms of action in a morphological study should make it possible to interpret similar nucleolar alterations seen in cancer cells and virus-infected cells on a molecular biological basis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Granulocyten ; Chemotaxis ; Phagocytose ; Intrazelluläre Keimabtötung ; Down-, Edwards, Cri-du-chat-Syndrom ; Granulocytes ; Chemotaxis ; Phagocytosis ; Intracellular microbicidal activity ; Down's-, Edwards'-, Cri-du-chat Syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In five infants with autosomal aberrations and diminished resistance to infection (in spite of intact humoral and cellular immune mechanisms) several granulocyte functions (chemotaxis, phagocytosis, intracellular killing and metabolism of killing) were measured. A serum-dependent or a cell-dependent disturbance of phagocytosis of Candida albicans was found in two infants with cat-cry syndrome and one with trisomy 18. In one of these children there was an additional serum dependent defect of the killing of Candida albicans and of Staphylococcus aureus, serum levels of opsonins (IgG, IgM, CH50 and C3) being within normal range. An infant with trisomy 21 showed, in addition to a cellular defect of chemotaxis, a reduced cellular ability of the killing of Staphylococcus aureus and of Escherichia coli in autologous and AB-pool-serum. Phagocytosis of these bacteria remained normal.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei fünf Säuglingen mit Autosomenaberrationen, herabgesetzter Infektresistenz und intaktem humoralen und zellulären Immunapparat wurden die Granulocytenfunktionen Chemotaxis, Phagocytose, intrazelluläre Erregerabtötung und einige Stoffwechselvorgänge experimentell untersucht. Eine serumabhängige bzw. zelluläre Phagocytoseschwäche für Candida albicans bestand bei zwei Säuglingen mit Cri-du-chat-Syndrome und einem anderen mit Trisomie 18. Bei einem dieser Kinder bestand zusätzlich eine serumabhängige, verzögerte Erregerabtötung von Candida albicans sowie von Staphylococcus aureus, wobei die Serumspiegel der Opsonine IgG, IgM, CH 50 und C3 normal waren. Ein Säugling mit Trisomie 21 bot außer einem zellulären Chemotaxisdefekt ein verringertes zelluläres Abtötungsvermögen für Staphylococcus aureus sowie Escherichia coli im Eigen- und im Fremdserum. Die Phagocytose dieser Keime hingegen verlief ungestört.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 1013-1022 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Diabetic glomerulosclerosis ; Morphology ; Pathogenesis ; Diabetische Glomerulosklerose ; Morphologie ; Pathogenese
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Glomerulosklerose, die sich als Folge einer diabetischen Stoffwechselstörung entwikkelt, ist gekennzeichnet durch eine gleichförmige Verbreiterung der glomerulären Basalmembran (GBM) und eine Zunahme der mesangialen Matrix. Beide Veränderungen beginnen schon wenige Jahre nach dem Auftreten des Diabetes und betreffen anfangs alle Glomeruli in gleichem Maße (=diffuse Form). Später treten im Mesangium noch kugelige Glycoproteinablagerungen auf (=noduläre Form), die allein für den Diabetes spezifisch sind. Daneben beobachtet man stets Plasmainsudationen an den vasa afferentia und efferentia sowie an den Kapillarschlingen. Die Zunahme der GBM-Masse und des GBM-ähnlichen Materials im Mesangium ist pathogenetisch noch nicht hinreichend geklärt. Der Grund sind widersprüchliche Angaben zum Stoffwechsel und zur chemischen Zusammensetzung der GBM beim Diabetes. Biochemische, enzymhistochemische und Tracerstudien an Nieren oder isolierten Glomeruli von Diabetikern und diabetischen Nagern haben bislang Hinweise auf eine Synthesesteigerung (anabole Störung) wie auf eine Abbauhemmung (katabole Störung) erbracht. Diese Übersichtsarbeit stellt die divergierenden Ansichten zur Diskussion und versucht, mögliche Ursachen für die gegenwärtigen Diskrepanzen aufzuzeigen.
    Notes: Summary The diabetic glomerulosclerosis as a consequence of the abnormal metabolic state is characterized by an uniform thickening of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and an augmentation of the mesangial matrix. Both alterations begin already few years after the onset of the diabetes and are observed in all glomeruli to the same extent (=diffuse type). Later on, nodular deposits of glycoproteins are additionally found in the mesangium (=nodular type). Only these nodules are morphologically specific for the diabetic disorder. In association with both the diffuse and the nodular glomerulosclerosis, insudation of plasma can be seen in the afferent and efferent vessels and the glomerular capillary loops. The mechanism of the increase in the amount of GBM-material is not known, since contradictory data have been reported with regards to both the chemical composition and metabolism of the GBM in human and experimental diabetes. Some postulate that the abnormal deposition of GBM-material is due to an excessive synthesis (anabolic disorder), others argue that a further decrease in the normally slow breakdown and disposal (catabolic disorder) might be responsible. This review presents the different pathogenetic concepts of the glomerulosclerosis and attemps to explain the possible causes for the current discrepancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Trichloroethylene ; Longterm inhalation ; Carcinogenicity ; Lymphomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pure trichloroethylene (tri), stabilized by an amine base, was administered by inhalation at 0, 100, and 500 ppm for 6 h/day, 5 days/week, for 18 months to mice, rats and Syrian hamsters of both sexes. No significant increase in tumor formation was observed in any species or dosing group, except in malignant lymphomas, which were increased in female mice in the following incidence rates: 9/29 (controls), 17/30 (100 ppm), and 18/28 (500 ppm). Whether or not this high occurrence of lymphomas, which is peculiar to this strain of mice (NMRI) has any relationship to tri-exposure, cannot be decided upon by the present experiment. It is concluded that from these findings no indication for a carcinogenic potential of pure trichloroethylene can be deduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In touch preparations and tissue sections from normal rat hepatocytes and α-amanitine- and actinomycind-poisoned liver cells the extent of chromatin condensation relatively to the degree of ploidy and the chromatin distribution were studied by means of computer aided cytophotometry. It could be found, that the relationship of the condensed and decondensed chromatin is independent of the degree of ploidy and first of all dependent upon the intoxicant. Therefore, the extent of chromatin condensation can be utilized also in sections as additional parameter for automated cell screening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The differentiation of the thyroid glands follicular neoplasias into adenomas and carcinomas is currently done using the histological criteria recommended by WHO. This pilot study of 10 human follicular carcinomas and 10 folliculars adenomas demonstrates the possibility of a cytological classification using digital picture processing of high resolution cell images. Giemsa stained paraplast sections were scanned with a Colour-TV-camera, different channels were used with respect to staining and analyzing methods and computed with an image processing system. The computer aided cytophotometric methods detected significant differences in the chromatin arrangement and structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...