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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on mass atresia and skipped spawning in northern Atlantic cod, from Smith Sound, Newfoundland (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 57 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Atlantic cod Gadus morhua were collected from Smith Sound, Newfoundland in January 1999. Visual examination of females (n=150) and males (n=126) revealed that some large fish (42–79 cm) had underdeveloped gonads. Histological examination of underdeveloped ovaries indicated that the majority of these females were undergoing mass resorption of oocytes and would not have spawned in 1999. Fish in this condition included females that were aborting their first attempt at maturation and females that had spawned the previous year but were failing to re-ripen. Somatic and liver condition were significantly lower (P〈0·05) for fish undergoing mass oocyte resorption than ripening females, suggesting that the interruption in the maturation cycle may have been related to insufficient nutrient storage. In males, testes of some adult fish were considered to be non-reproductive as they showed no signs of ripening and probably would not have spawned in 1999. Liver condition was significantly higher (P〈0·05) for non-reproductive males than those that were ripening. Disruptions in male and female reproductive cycles may also have been related to water temperatures that were too cold (0–0·5° C) for successful gamete development. Immature gametes (perinucleolar oocytes in females; spermatogonia in males) showed no signs of breakdown in non-reproductive individuals, suggesting that they retained the potential to develop and spawn gametes in 2000.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02222.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting variability in catch-per-effort in Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, trap and gillnet fisheries (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 35 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The relationships between catch rates and fish abundance, hydrographic conditions and fishing effort, for Atlantic cod caught by trapnets (fixed gear) and gillnets (non-fixed gear) in the northern Gulf of St Lawrence have been quantified. Daily changes in trap catch rates were accounted for by changes in salinity, currents and mean local cod densities in 1985 (R2= 0.78), and predicted 1986 trap catch rate changes (by 1985 model) were correlated significantly with those observed (r= 0.60, P 〈 0.05). In contrast, the daily changes in 1985 gillnet catch rates were determined by currents, maximum (not mean) local cod densities, and fishing effort (negative) (R2= 0.68), while predicted 1986 gillnet catch rates (by 1985 model) were significantly correlated with those observed (r= 0.35, P 〈 0.05). Seasonal catchability coefficients of the traps were similar in 1985 and 1986, but for gillnets this index was an order of magnitude higher in 1986 than in 1985.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03057.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic observation of diel vertical migration and shoaling behaviour in Atlantic redfishes (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 61 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Acoustic methods were used to study Atlantic redfishes Sebastes spp. vertical migration and shoaling behaviour in Newfoundland waters. Redfishes exhibited consistent patterns of vertical migration in winter, spring and summer, but pelagic shoals were not observed in winter. Pelagic daytime aggregations were generally in close proximity to dense patches of redfishes along the sea floor. Pelagic shoals exhibited high degrees of variability in size, shape and density. Attempts to explain variations in shoal density and area with features of shoal position and structure were unsuccessful. Nearest neighbour distance between fish in shoals had a lower limit near one body length. During the night, fishes were dispersed in the water column and distributions were more homogenous. Diel vertical migration appeared to be a foraging strategy, in which redfishes followed the migration of their euphausiid prey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb02461.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maturation, fecundity, and intertidal spawning of Pacific sand lance in the northern Gulf of Alaska (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, showed no sexual dimorphism in length-to-weight (gonad-free) ratio or length-at-age relationship. Most matured in their second year, males earlier in the season than females, but females (31%) attained a higher gonadosomatic index than males (21%). Sand lance spawned intertidally once each year in late September and October on fine gravel or sandy beaches soon after the seasonal peak in water temperatures. Sand lance in Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound displayed similar maturation schedules. Schools were dominated 2: 1 by males as they approached the intertidal zone at a site where spawning has taken place for decades. Sand lance spawned vigorously in dense formations, leaving scoured pits in beach sediments. Fecundity of females (93–199 mm) was proportional to length, ranging from 1468 to 16 081 ova per female. About half of the overall spawning school fecundity was derived from age group 1 females (55% of the school by number). Spawned eggs were 1·02 mm in diameter, demersal, slightly adhesive, and deposited in the intertidal just below the waterline. Sand lance embryos developed over 67 days through periods of intertidal exposure and sub-freezing air temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb00857.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal growth of Atlantic cod: effects of temperature, feeding and reproduction (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Growth of 2659 Atlantic cod Gadus morhua aged 4 to 9 years examined in Placentia Bay, Newfoundland, peaked in most cases in June and was at a minimum in October or November. Water temperature, partial fullness index (IP) and gonado-somatic index (IG) explained between 31 and 52% of the monthly variability in growth. Temperature and IP of capelin Mallotus villosus had significant effects on growth of all age groups and explained most of the variance for ages 6–8 and 4–5 years, respectively. The IP of large invertebrates (ages 4 to 7 years), sandlance (Ammodytes sp. age 6 years) and demersal fishes (age 9 years) had age-specific effects in the model. Overall, amphipods, decapods and echinoderms dominated the Atlantic cod diet in most seasons, but fish consumption by Atlantic cod was high in June and July, particularly on capelin. The rapid increase in somatic mass during June and July occurred despite cold water temperatures ( 〈 3° C at 50 m) and moderate to high gonado-somatic index. The findings of this study suggest that when food was not a limiting factor, growth tended to increase even when Atlantic cod occupied colder waters, but when food was limiting, the opposite may have occured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00721.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrophosphate does not influence calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate crystal formation in concentrated whole human urine (1983)
    Springer
    Urological research 11 (1983), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Crystalluria ; Pyrophosphate ; Whole urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1) Low pyrophosphate urine was generated by passage through a nylon coil bearing immobilised inorganic pyrophosphatase. High pyrophosphate urine was made by addition of inorganic pyrophosphate. 2) Urine samples of low, normal, and high pyrophosphate content were rapidly evaporated at 37°C to 1,050 or 1,250 mosmol/L and the crystals formed studied by microscope, isotope and chemical methods. 3) Urinary pyrophosphate levels had no significant effect upon calcium oxalate crystals formed in whole urine at pH 5.3 or 6.1, or calcium phosphate crystals formed at pH 6.8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256361
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein promotes calcium phosphate crystal formation in whole urine: Quantitative studies (1984)
    Springer
    Urological research 12 (1984), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein ; Calcium phosphate ; Crystalluria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fresh samples of human urine adjusted to pH 6.8 were rapidly evaporated at 37°C to 1,250 mosmol/kg. The calcium phosphate precipitated was washed and the calcium measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. This procedure was found to be reasonably reproducible. When macromolecules were first removed by ultrafiltration the precipitated calcium was reduced by 76.9%. Addition of human Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein (T-H) to the urine ultrafiltrates prior to evaporation largely but not completely restored the precipitated calcium. Clumping of crystals was studied quantitatively by passage through a nylon mesh. Mean retention on the mesh was strikingly reduced after ultrafiltration and increased by addition of T-H to the ultrafiltrates. These findings support the view that T-H triggers calcium phosphate crystal formation and clumping in whole urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256807
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Idiopathic hypercalciuria (1985)
    Springer
    Urological research 13 (1985), S. 271-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Hypercalciuria ; Urate ; Diet ; Bendrofluazide ; Cellulose phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 24 h urine compositions of male stone formers with idiopathic hypercalciuria prior to treatment were compared with those of male general practitioners without urolithiasis. Urinary urate was slightly higher in the stone formers than in the normals but this was not statistically significant. Furthermore, when results were corrected for the higher creatinine excretions of the stone formers then the reverse was true and statistically significant. All subjects with urinary urate over 7.0 mmol/24h were separately studied. In these groups the normals had higher urate and creatinine excretions than the stone formers but when results were corrected for creatinine the difference in the urate excretions disappeared. In long term follow up studies urinary calcium was lowered by diet and more so by diet supplemented with either Bendrofluazide or cellulose phosphate. Each drug raised urinary oxalate slightly and this was statistically significant, while both drugs together caused an even bigger rise in oxalate excretion. An unexpected finding was a rise in urinary urate with cellulose phosphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262655
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of oral pyridoxine upon plasma and 24-hour urinary oxalate levels in normal subjects and stone formers with idiopathic hypercalciuria (1990)
    Springer
    Urological research 18 (1990), S. 393-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Plasma oxalate ; Urine oxalate ; Pyridoxine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 200 mg/day (0.97 mmol/day) for 3 weeks, upon plasma and urinary oxalate has been determined in ten normal subjects and seven patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria while both groups were on low-oxalate diets. Patients had higher basal urinary oxalate levels than normal subjects. In normal subjects pyridoxine administration decreased plasma oxalate levels and raised urinary oxalate. The patients showed no change in either plasma or urinary oxalate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297371
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excessive urinary oxalate excretion after combined renal and hepatic transplantation for correction of hyperoxaluria type 1 (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 150 (1990), S. 56-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Hyperoxaluria type I ; Liver transplantation ; Kidney transplantation ; Oxalate pool ; Paediatric patient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 4.5-year-old boy received a combined liver and kidney transplant for correction of hyperoxaluria type 1. Both organs were from the same donor and functioned primarily. Three months after transplantation, urine oxalate excretion reached a maximum of 10500 μmol/24 h and remained above 2300 μmol/24 h for the next 2 months. Two months later, oxalate excretion decreased to about 565 μmol/24 h, indicating exhaustion of a large oxalate pool. Six months after transplantation plasma oxalate is near normal (4.9 μmol/l). With the exception of one episode of acute rejection of the renal transplant, both organs were tolerated well and continue to have a unimpaired function 9 months after transplantation. However, there is increased echogenity on renal ultrasound, indicating oxalate deposits in the grafted kidney. This case illustrates that successful combined transplantation of both liver and kidney can be performed in infants, resulting in cure of the metabolic defect. The prolonged or acute excretion of oxalate may lead to oxalate deposition in the grafted kidney without impaired graft function or early graft loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959482
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