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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 3 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. As an adrenalectomized sheep becomes progressively more Na+ deplete, its salivary electrolyte secretion becomes increasingly sensitive to exogenous aldosterone administration.2. Alteration in mineralocorticoid receptor affinity or concentration is a possible mechanism whereby this sensitivity could be expressed at a molecular level.3. Binding sites with a high affinity for aldosterone (Kd 37°C∼5 × 10-10 M) have been demonstrated in sheep kidney and parotid.4. Renal binding sites were examined in detail, and shown to have affinity characteristics appropriate for mineralocorticoid receptors (aldosterone〉deoxycorticosterone〉dexamethasone〉cortisol〉progesterone〉oestradiol 〉 dihydrotestosterone).5. No difference in mineralocorticoid receptor affinity or concentration could be shown between Na+ replete and Na+ deplete sheep, in either kidney or parotid gland.6. Accordingly, the molecular mechanisms whereby parotid sensitivity is mediated remain as yet undefined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) infusion on plasma renin concentration (PRC) was examined before and after propranolol treatment in sheep.2. Increasing doses of prostacyclin (0.05, 0.1 or 0.3 μg/kg per min) produced dose dependent increases in PRC.3. There was a significantly lower PRC response after propranolol at 0.3 μg/kg per min only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Serotonin causes a dose related (0.1–20 μg/kg i.v.) increase in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate in conscious sheep.2. Ketanserin (0.1 mg/kg per h i.v.) causes a decrease in blood pressure, and an increase in heart rate. In the presence of ketanserin, serotonin induced increases in MAP are attenuated, or abolished, but the increases in heart rate are enhanced.3. Ketanserin (10 mg/kg per h i.v.) attenuates or abolishes the increase in blood pressure induced by the α-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine in conscious sheep. When administered in the presence of the α-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin, ketanserin (0.1 mg/kg per h i.v.) fails to induce a further hypotensive response.4. These data suggest that in the conscious sheep ketanserin exhibits predominantly α-adrenoceptor antagonism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 8 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1.The haemodynamic and volume response to ACTH administration was investigated in six patients with mild, untreated essential hypertension and two patients with Addison's disease on maintenance steroids. Blood pressure, heart rate and weight were recorded daily. Plasma volume (125I-HSA) and cardiac output (thermo-dilution) were measured during the control period and on the 5th day of ACTH treatment.2. In the hypertensive subjects, mean arterial pressure rose from 94.3 ± 2.2 to 105.7 ± 2.8 mmHg on the 5th day of ACTH administration (P〈0.02). Plasma volume rose from 29.8 ± 2.2 to 34 ± 2.2 ml/kg. Cardiac index increased from 2.85 ± 0.21 to 3.32 ± 0.14 l/min per m2 (P〈0.05). Cardiac output rose from 5.81 ± 0.69 to 6.72 ± 0.59 l/min. Calculated total peripheral resistance, heart rate and body weight were unchanged. No such changes were seen in patients with Addison's disease.3. The haemodynamic characteristics of ACTH in patients with mild untreated essential hypertension are similar to those in the experimental model of ACTH induced hypertension in sheep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 8 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effect of renal denervation on ACTH-induced hypertension in sheep has been examined.2. Both intact and renally denervated sheep showed similar rises in blood pressure following ACTH treatment.3. Following renal denervation, the initial urinary sodium retention and ACTH-withdrawal natriuresis typical of ACTH administration in intact sheep were absent, and the fall in blood pressure was delayed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 6 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The blood clearance rates of exogenous (des-1-Asp)-angiotensin II and (des-1-Asp-2-Arg)-angiotensin II calculated from the arterial blood level during steady state infusion in conscious sodium-replete sheep were found to be 125 litre/h (s.d. = 27, n= 18) and 188 litre/h (s.d. = 23, n= 18), respectively. These blood clearance rates were in the same order as values for angiotensin II previously reported.2. Using descending paper chromatography, immunoreactive fragments of angiotensin II in arterial blood extracts were adequately separated from angiotensin II. Quantitative determination of angiotensin II by direct immunoassay on whole blood extract using recovery tracer to correct for losses during extraction were on the average 31% (n= 9) higher than those obtained after the same blood extract had been subjected to chromatographic separation.3. The blood clearance rates of exogenous 1-Asp-5-Ile-angiotensin II calculated from infusion rate/blood angiotensin II concentration before and after chromatographic separation were significantly different, being 103 litre/h (s.d. = 16, n= 18) and 134 litre/h (s.d. = 25, n= 9), respectively (P 〈 0.001; t-test, 16 d.f.).4. Our data demonstrate the presence of immunoreactive fragments of angiotensin II in arterial blood of sheep during steady-state infusion and indicate that direct immunoassay on arterial blood extracts without adequate separation may result in artificially higher values of angiotensin II in blood and consequently false value for its clearance rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 15 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: b1. This study was designed to test the haemodynamic and renal effects in sheep of dihydrocyclosporin D (dCyD), an immunosuppressant agent derived from the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum Gams.2. dCyD was infused for 5 days at 12 mg/kg per day. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was elevated after 24 h, but thereafter returned to control levels. Heart rate was significantly elevated throughout the infusion and was still high 24 h postinfusion. Cardiac output rose after 5 days, but total peripheral resistance was unchanged during the infusion.3. Glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow and effective renal plasma flow remained unchanged, although urine sodium excretion rose for the first 48 h.4. Infusion of the castor oil-based vehicle for cyclosporin, Cremaphore EL, for 5 days in four sheep did not produce any sustained changes in any of the parameters measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 15 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Haemodynamic effects of 20 μg and 100 μg injection of atrial natriuretic factor 99–126 (ANF) were studied in conscious sheep.2. ANF injection rapidly decreased blood pressure associated with a fall in total peripheral resistance, increased heart rate and cardiac output. These parameters returned to normal within 5 min of injection.3. This study shows that ANF has an initial vasodilatory action to decrease blood pressure, which is different from the hypotensive mechanism seen with short-term infusion (60 min) of ANF in sheep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 14 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. In previous studies, exogenous serotonin (5-HT), administered intravenously, caused dose-related increases in mean arterial pressure and heart rate in conscious sheep. The 5-HT2 antagonist ketanserin (0.1 mg/kg per h, i.v.) was shown to lower blood pressure in the conscious sheep primarily through antagonism of α-adrenoceptors.2. A newer 5-HT2 antagonist, ritanserin, is a more selective antagonist in vivo, as it attenuated or abolished pressor responses to exogenous 5-HT, but not to phenylephrine.3. When infused alone, ritanserin (0.1 mg/kg per h, i.v.) failed to produce a decrease in blood pressure, suggesting that 5-HT antagonistic properties are not sufficient by themselves to lower blood pressure.4. Ritanserin displayed a different metabolic profile to ketanserin, with a markedly decreased water intake. The mechanism of this effect is unresolved, but may imply a permissive role for 5-HT in the modulation of drinking responses in the sheep.5. Ritanserin did not modify ACTH-induced hypertension in sheep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The use of a low Na, low K sorghum grain diet supplemented with intraruminal electrolyte infusions has enabled dietary manipulation of sodium status to be studied in the sheep.2. Dietary sodium restriction reduced urinary sodium excretion within 24 h with maximal retention after 3 days. There were no other substantial metabolic or haemodynamic changes.3. A more severe form of sodium deficiency produced by parotid salivary drainage resulted after only 2 days in a sodium deficit 3–4 times that seen with 14 days of sodium restriction. Extracellular fluid volume and cardiac output decreased. Blood pressure was unchanged but there was an increase in peripheral resistance and plasma renin concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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