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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 7 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: From a community-based study cohort of 1812 elementary schoolchildren we selected 129 unrelated participants to investigate the relevance of HLA-class II molecules (DPB, DQB, and DRB) to the regulation of immune response to the mite allergen Der p 1 and to clinical atopic disorders. On the basis of skin prick test results validated by measurement of specific IgE, individuals were selected and divided into three groups: group I (n = 20), controls without detectable specific IgE to common inhalant allergens; group II (n = 22), children sensitized only to non-mite allergens; group III (n = 85), children sensitized to Der p 1. Clinical history of asthma, eczema, and hay fever was ascertained using standardized questionnaires. In total, 43 different HLA class II alleles (DPB, n = 19; DQB, n = 14; and DRB, n = 10) were determined by sequence-specific oligonucleotide typing with PCR-amplified DNA. We were not able to demonstrate significant differences in gene frequencies of any HLA class II allele between the group of mite-sensitized children and one of the other two groups. However, the presence of certain DRB- and DPB-haplotypes (DRB *0100/*0300/*1100 and DPB *0201/*0401) was significantly associated (p 〈 0.01) with a history of asthma, hay fever, and atopy (defined as a history of asthma and/or hay fever and/or eczema). Other haplotypes, including DQB *0303/*0503, DRB *0200/*0700, and DPB 0402 were negatively associated with a history of eczema, hay fever, and atopy (p 〈 0.01). Thus, our findings do not suggest a relevance of HLA-class II molecules to mite allergy; however, some HLA class n haplotypes appear to be predictive of the incidence of atopic disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 23 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The coincidence of allergic sensitization was investigated in 302 school-aged children and their parents. Specific sensitization to four common inhalant allergens (grass and birch pollens, cat dander, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) was ascertained by means of skin-prick tests (SPT) carried out on the complete family unit at the beginning of a 22-month follow-up period. The same test procedure was then repeated on the children twice at 11-month intervals to provide cumulative prevalences of sensitization. A clinical history of atopy in the children (hay fever or asthma; n= 47), which was derived from an interview, is associated with sensitization (positive SPT in 89%). For three allergens (grass and birch pollens, cat dander) sensitization occurs significantly more frequently in the children of mothers who are sensitized to the same allergen (odds-ratios (ORs), 2.5–4.1). Additionally, in three of the four explanatory models related to a single antigen, maternal sensitization to one of the complementary allergens is of importance (ORs, 2.7–3.7). In contrast to this finding, none of the paternal sensitizations has statistical significance. Based on a reaction to at least one of the four allergens, the child's relative risk to be sensitized is increased in case of maternal (OR, 2.88; P= 0.001) but not of paternal (OR, 1.06; P= 0.83) sensitization. In conclusion, our data indicate that the maternal status is more predictive than that of the father with regard to the child's risk of sensitization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The skin prick test (SPT) is a commonly used procedure for assessing a specific sensitization. The longitudinal variability of test results is of interest for clinical as well as epidemiological investigations. The sensitization to four common aeroallergens (grass pollen, birch pollen, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat dander) is investigated within the framework of three consecutive SPTs at 11-month intervals for a population of 587 schoolchildren. The prevalence of sensitization based on a weal diameter of at least 2 mm was between 12.9% (cat dander) and 23.9% (grass pollen) in the initial testing. The positive predictive values of the initial SPT were between 75.3% (birch pollen) and 88.2% (cat dander) for the two subsequent SPTs. In the case of initially negative tests with positive second and third SPTs the incidence ranged between 3.2% (cat dander) and 4.3% (birch pollen) per year. A clear increase in the intensity of reaction in subsequent tests was observed in a number of probands testing positively in the initial SPT. In conclusion, our data indicate a high long-term stability of a specific sensitization to aeroallergens in SPT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 44 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We investigated the effect of rush and long-term venom immunotherapy on histamine release parameters in bee venom allergic patients. Ten patients received rush venom immunotherapy, and histamine release data were obtained immediately before and after treatment. 17 patients were assessed by histamine release 24 to 63 months after termination of long-term venom immunotherapy. A control group of 10 non-allergic subjects was included in this study. Histamine released from whole blood was determined in a sensitive radio-enzymatic assay using a single isotope technique. Bee venom phospholipase A-induced histamine release from whole blood proved to be a test procedure of high specificity and sensitivity. Eight of 10 untreated patients and no control subject showed significant antigen-induced histamine release. Results obtained from patients immediately after successful rush venom immunotherapy showed an important decrease (mean 45.9%) of total histamine content of basophil leukocytes in all patients. Antigen-induced maximum histamine release was found to be increased in one, decreased in two and unchanged in seven patients. In patients who received long-term immunotherapy cell sensitivity to phosopholipase A was significantly lower than in a group of untreated patients (P≤ 0.002). These results suggest that even years after discontinuation of immunotherapy, histamine release parameters reflect patients' protection from systemic sting reactions as assessed by sting challenges. Histamine depletion of basophils induced by rush immunotherapy may play an important role in patients' protection immediately after termination of the rush regimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied categorical structures 8 (2000), S. 317-326 
    ISSN: 1572-9095
    Keywords: isolated ; honest ; relatively divisible ; skew field
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We study the generally distinct concepts of isolated submodule, honest submodule, and relatively divisible submodule for unital right R-modules, where R is an associative ring with identity. This is accomplished by studying a certain subset called the Q-torsion subset relative to a subset Q (sometimes a right ideal but not always) of R. The Q-isolator turns out to always to be a categorical closure operator and the notion of Q-honest is an `operator" but need not be a closure operator. It is shown that the notions of Q-isolated and Q-honest coincide precisely when the Q-honest operator is a closure operator and this happens precisely when all submodules are Q-honest. As a corollary, we obtain when Q = R, every submodule is honest if and only if every submodule is isolated if and only if R is a skew field. We also determine a new characterization of a right Ore domain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
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    Unknown
    Salt Lake City : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Political Research Quarterly. 22:1 (1969:Mar.) 19 
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 29 (1990), S. 112-121 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Kuhmilchprotein ; Hydrolysat ; Immunoglobulinbindung ; Histaminfreisetzung ; hypoallergene Nahrung ; cow milk protein ; hydrolysate ; immunoglobulin binding ; histamine release ; hypoallergenic nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recently hydrolyzed cow milk proteins have been introduced for the production of infant formulas and are available as hypoallergenic infant formulas. To achieve a decrease in antigenicity and allergenicity a protein hydrolysis (mostly enzymatic) is performed. Sera of different groups were tested for IgG and IgE antibody-binding: 31 controls, 36 atopic children, and 20 children with cow milk protein allergy. Histamine release from basophil leucocytes after incubation with the cow milk proteins β-lactoglobuline and casein, as with the cow milk protein hydrolysate, was determined additionally for five control, 10 atopic, and five cow milk allergic children. IgG binding to cow milk protein and to the hydrolysate was found in the majority of the sera tested. IgE binding was detectable in sera of only five of the 10 cow milk allergic children, despite detection of specific IgE-antibodies against cow milk proteins in all sera. Histamine release by the cow milk hydrolysate was observed for five atopic and two cow milk allergic children. The cow milk hydrolysate demonstrated a decreased but partially conserved antigenic/allergenic potency compared with cow milk proteins.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Säuglingsmilchnahrung, deren Proteinbasis auf hydrolysiertem Kuhmilchprotein beruht, werden derzeit als sogenannte hypoallergene Nahrungen entwickelt und sind zum Teil auch erhältlich. Dabei soll die meist enzymatisch durchgeführte Eiweißhydrolyse zur Abnahme der Immunogenität und Allergenität führen. Seren von 31 Kontrollen, 36 Atopikern und 20 Kuhmilchallergikern wurden auf IgG- und IgE-Antikörper-Bindung untersucht. Zusätzlich wurde bestimmt: Histaminfreisetzung aus basophilen Leukozyten nach Inkubation mit den Kuhmilchproteinen β-Lactoglobulin und Casein sowie mit einem Kuhmilchprotein-Hydrolysat (Molkenproteine und Caseine) bei 5 Kontrollpersonen, 10 Atopikern und 5 Kuhmilchallergikern. Eine IgG-Bindung mit Kuhmilchproteinen und dem Hydrolysat war in der Mehrzahl der Seren feststellbar. Eine IgE-Bindung ließ sich nur bei 5 der 10 Kuhmilchallergiker belegen, obwohl in allen Seren spezifische IgE-Antikörper gegen Kuhmilchproteine nachzuweisen waren. Histaminfreisetzung durch das Kuhmilchprotein-Hydrolysat wurde bei 5 Atopikern und 2 Kuhmilchallergikern hervorgerufen. Verglichen mit dem Ausgangsprodukt Kuhmilch zeigt das Hydrolysat eine herabgesetzte, aber teilweise erhaltene antigene/allergene Potenz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 15 (1994), S. 515-544 
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Keywords: Petrophysical modeling ; thermodynamic database ; phase diagrams ; elastic properties ; petrologic interpretation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We use the technique of direct minimization of the Gibbs free energy of the 8-component (K2O-Na2O-Fe2O3-FeO-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2) multiphase system in order to determine the equilibrium mineral assemblages of rocks of different bulk chemical compositions equilibrated at various P-T conditions. The calculated modal compositions of rocks and experimental data on elastic moduli of single crystals are then used to calculate densities and isotropic elastic wave velocities of rocks together with their pressure and temperature derivatives. Sufficient accuracy of the calculations is confirmed by comparison with experimental data on the gabbro-eclogite transformation and precise ultrasonic measurements of elastic wave velocities in a number of magmatic and metamorphic rocks. We present calculated phase diagrams with isolines of density, elastic wave velocities, and their pressure and temperature derivatives for several anhydrous magmatic rocks, from granite to lherzolite. Density and elastic properties of rocks are controlled by their chemical compositions, especially the SiO2 content, and by P-T of equilibration, and they increase with pressure due to mineral reactions changing mineral assemblages from plagioclase-bearing and garnet-free to garnetbearing and plagioclase-free. TheV p -density correlation is high, and shows two clear trends: one for iron-poor ultramafic rocks and another for all the other rocks considered. Mineral reactions, which occur at high pressures, changeV p and density of anhydrous magmatic rocks following the well-known Birch (or a similar) law. Felsic, intermediate and mafic rocks can be well distinguished in theV p -V p /V s - diagram, although their values ofV p can be close to one another. TheV p -V p /V s -density diagrams together with calculated phase diagrams can serve as efficient instruments for petrologic interpretation of seismic velocities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 434 (2005), S. 590-597 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] More than 50 per cent of the Earth's upper mantle consists of olivine and it is generally thought that mantle-derived melts are generated in equilibrium with this mineral. Here, however, we show that the unusually high nickel and silicon contents of most parental Hawaiian magmas are ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 613-617 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Reverse mutation ; Mosaicism ; Intragenic recombination ; Gene conversion ; Site-specific reversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Some recent publications indicate that inherited disorders can ameliorate or possibly disappear if mutations responsible for the disease revert to normal. This review tries to summarize our current knowledge about reverse mutations as this information may be of special interest for attempts at somatic gene therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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