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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain MRI in children with migraine: a controlled morphometric study (1996)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sixteen children and adolescents, aged 5–17 years, with migraine and 24 migraine-free age-matched healthy volunteers underwent brain MR1 (1.0 T). Signal intensities of the brain, midsagittal and coronal diameters of the brainstem were quantitatively measured. General signal intensities did not differ between the groups. Compared to controls (17%), more migraine patients (50%) had high-signal foci on T2-weighted images. The diameters of the pons were greater in the migraine group (p=0.016), although within the normal range. The diameters of the mesencephalon and the medulla oblongata did not differ between the groups, perhaps because they reach the adult size in early, childhood in contrast to the pons, which continues to grow. Childhood migraine may be associated with slightly more than average growth of the ports. As the pathophysiology of migraine is still unclear it might be worth studying with new MR methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1608541.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The processing of sound duration after left hemisphere stroke: Event-related potential and behavioral evidence (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Psychophysiology 38 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The ability of left-hemisphere stroke patients (n= 8) and healthy control subjects (n= 8) to process sounds preattentively and attentively was studied by recording auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral responses. For the right-ear stimulation, the mismatch negativity (MMN) was significantly smaller in the patients than control subjects over both hemispheres. For the left-ear stimuli, the MMN was significantly smaller in the patient group than in the control group over the left hemisphere, whereas no group differences were obtained over the right hemisphere. In addition, the N1 amplitude was reduced bilaterally for the right-ear stimulation (with the reduction being larger over the left hemisphere), whereas no significant effects on the N1 amplitude were found for the left-ear stimulation. Behaviorally, the patients detected significantly fewer deviant tones than did the control subjects irrespective of the stimulated ear. The present results thus suggest that the long-latency ERPs can be used to probe such auditory processing deficits that are difficult to define with behavioral measures. Especially by recording MMN to monaural stimuli, the discrimination accuracy can be separately determined for the left and right temporal lobes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3840622
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophysiological evidence for cross-modal plasticity in humans with early- and late-onset blindness (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 34 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: It is commonly believed that sensory deprivation can lead to cross-modal reorganization in an immature hut not in a mature brain. The results of the present study suggest, however, that plasticity between sensory modalities is possible even in adults: activity indicating involvement of parietal or occipital brain areas in pitch-change discrimination was found in individuals blinded after childhood. Event-related brain potentials of early blinded (before the age of 2 years). late-blinded (12–28 years of age), and sighted adults were recorded to stimulus sequences consisting of standard tones occasionally replaced by deviant tones. Even when participants were not attending to auditory stimuli, the deviant tones elicited the mismatch negativity (MMN) in each group. There were no significant MMN front-back scalp distribution differences among the groups. However, when participants were detecting deviant stimuli, these stimuli elicited N2 and P3 waves that were posterior in distribution in both groups of blind participants relative to those of the sighted participants. These results suggest that cross-modal reorganization may occur even in the mature human brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02134.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional Organization of the Human First and Second Somatosensory Cortices: a Neuromagnetic Study (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 5 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Multichannel neuromagnetic recordings were used to differentiate signals from the human first (SI) and second (SII) somatosensory cortices and to define representations of body surface in them. The responses from contralateral SI, peaking at 20 – 40 ms, arose mainly from area 3b, where representations of the leg, hand, fingers, lips and tongue agreed with earlier animal studies and with neurosurgical stimulations and recordings on convexial cortex in man. Representations of the five fingers were limited to a cortical strip of ∼2 cm in length. Responses from SII peaked 100 – 140 ms after contra- and ipsilateral stimuli and varied considerably from one subject to another. Signs of somatotopical organization were seen also in SII. Responses of SII were not fully recovered at interstimulus intervals of 8 s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00536.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Registration and display of brain SPECT and MRI using external markers (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 108-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain single-photon emission tomography ; Image fusion ; Multimodality imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Accurate anatomical localisation of abnormalities observed in brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is difficult, but can be improved by correlating data from SPECT and other tomographic imaging modalities. For this purpose we have developed software to register, analyse and display99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime SPECT and 1.0 T MRI of the brain. For registration of SPECT and MRI data external skin markers containing99mTc (220 kBq) in 50 μl of coconut butter were used. The software is coded in the C programming language, and the X Window system and the OSF/Motif standards are used for graphics and definition of the user interface. The registration algorithm follows a noniterative least-squares method using singular value decomposition of a 3×3 covariance matrix. After registration, the image slices of both data sets are shown at identical tomographic levels. The registration error in phantom studies was on average 4 mm. In the two-dimensional display mode the orthogonal cross-sections of the data sets are displayed side by side. In the three-dimensional mode MRI data are displayed as a surface-shaded 3 D reconstruction and SPECT data as cut planes. The usefulness of this method is demonstrated in patients with cerebral infarcts, brain tumour, herpes simplex encephalitis and epilepsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00604791
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Registration and display of brain SPECT and MRI using external markers (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 108-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain single-photon emission tomography ; Image fusion ; Multimodality imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Accurate anatomical localisation of abnormalities observed in brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is difficult, but can be improved by correlating data from SPECT and other tomographic imaging modalities. For this purpose we have developed software to register, analyse and display 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime SPECT and 1.0 T MRI of the brain. For registration of SPECT and MRI data external skin markers containing 99mTc (220 kBq) in 50 μl of coconut butter were used. The software is coded in the C programming language, and the X Window system and the OSF/Motif standards are used for graphics and definition of the user interface. The registration algorithm follows a noniterative least-squares method using singular value decomposition of a 3 × 3 covariance matrix. After registration, the image slices of both data sets are shown at identical tomographic levels. The registration error in phantom studies was on average 4 mm. In the two-dimensional display mode the orthogonal cross-sections of the data sets are displayed side by side. In the three-dimensional mode MRI data are displayed as a surface-shaded 3 D reconstruction and SPECT data as cut planes. The usefulness of this method is demonstrated in patients with cerebral infarcts, brain tumour, herpes simplex encephalitis and epilepsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00604791
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of the brain in neurologically healthy middle-aged and elderly individuals (1997)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 39 (1997), S. 537-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Ageing brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; High-signal foci ; Signal intensity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to document the MRI appearances of the brain in healthy middle-aged to elderly subjects. T2- and proton density-weighted axial slices were obtained in 61 volunteers, 30–86 years of age. After visual inspection, signal intensities of brain structures were measured on T2-weighted images. Age-related changes became increasingly apparent after age 50. The main findings were that signal intensity of the white matter increased concomitantly with widening of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces; that basal ganglia remained stable; that high-signal foci in white matter increased in number and size after the age of 50 years; that periventricular high-signal foci were constant after the age of 65 years. Our visual impression of a decrease in signal intensity of the central grey matter with age seems to be mistaken. Pathological processes should be suspected if periventricular foci are found in middle-aged or young subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050463
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin-echo MRI of chronic intracerebral haematomas (1997)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 39 (1997), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain ; haemorrhage ; Brain ; magnetic resonance imaging ; Haemorrhage ; magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to characterise the MRI appearances of clinically non-neoplastic chronic intracerebral haematomas (ICH). We examined 25 patients with a history of clinically non-neoplastic 0.5- to 1.5-year-old ICH who underwent prospective follow-up 1.0-T spin-echo MRI of the brain. On T1-weighted images most lesions gave lower signal than white matter and were isointense with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). On T2-weighted images most were either totally low-signal and slit-like, or had a high-signal centre and a low-signal margin. The low-signal (haemosiderin) rim showed areas of discontinuity in 7 cases. Of 24 lesions, 4 showed small enhancing areas on contrast-enhanced images. In 10 cases the brain parenchyma surrounding the lesion showed high-signal on T2- and low signal on T1-weighted images, probably representing encephalomalacia. In 20 cases enlargement of a nearby CSF space was observed, and 14 cases showed atrophy of the brain stem ipsilateral to the lesion. We thus found more variation on MRI of clinically non-neoplastic chronic ICH than previously described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050361
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prevalence and distribution of white-matter changes on different MRI pulse sequences in a post-stroke cohort (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 657-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ischaemia cerebral ; White matter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract No uniform criteria currently exist for rating white-matter (WM) high-signal foci on MRI. Ratings are based on descriptive terms, different pulse sequences and different WM areas. Reports on the prevalence and clinical correlates of high-signal foci have been contradictory. We wanted to examine the contribution of the pulse sequence and WM area on rating WM changes. We analysed WM changes separately on T2-, protondensity (PD)- and T1-weighted images in periventricular, subcortical, watershed area and deep WM. The difference between T2- and PD-weighted images was significant for frontal caps, counting small foci or analysing subcortical changes. T1-weighted images showed significantly less change, but the number of foci detected was greater than previously thought. The prevalence of WM high-signal foci was greatest in the watershed zone and smallest in the subcortical area. There was a significant correlation between foci in different areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050820
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gadodiamide injection at two dose levels in MRI of CNS lesions: a phase-III study (1995)
    Springer
    European radiology 5 (1995), S. 306-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Central nervous system MRI studies ; Contrast medium ; Comparative study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A double-blind, randomized, parallel study was conducted to evaluate the safety and diagnostic utility of gadodiamide injection (a nonionic chelate of gadolinium and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid bis-(methylamide) [Gd-DTPA-BMA]) when administered IV for MRI of the central nervous system (CNS) at doses of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight (b. w.) or 0.3 mmol/kg b. w. A total of 24 patients received the lower dose and 23 the higher dose. Gadodiamide injection was administered to patients referred for MRI due to known or suspected CNS lesions. No clinically significant difference in blood parameters or efficacy was found between the two groups. The number of patients with adverse events other than discomfort was higher in the 0.3 group compared with the 0.1 group. In the 0.1 group, none of the 24 patients experienced any adverse events other than discomfort, and in the 0.3 group, 5 of 23 patients (21.7%) experienced a total of five adverse events other than discomfort. All adverse events were of mild or moderate intensity. Postinjection MR scans provided new information that affected patient management in the case of 6 patients in the 0.1 group and 9 in the 0.3 group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185317
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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