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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographic variability in the grey mullet Mugil cephalus: preliminary results of mtDNA and chromosome analyses
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquaculture 111 (1993), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8486
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(93)90028-W
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Divergent stereoselective synthesis of (E) and (Z) O-Alkyl enol ethers
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 33 (1992), S. 2863-2866 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Keywords: Acetylenic Ethers ; O-Alkyl Enol Ethers ; Stereoselective Reduction.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040-4039(00)78881-2
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Habitat related differences in lipid reserves of some exploited fish species in the north-western Mediterranean continental shelf (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: At a large-scale, the lipid content in the muscle of Pagellus acarne and Pagellus erythrinus was higher in the Gulf of Lions than in the Catalan Sea. Furthermore, there was a significant effect of depth on lipid content of Mullus barbatus, Mullus surmuletus and P. acarne, fishes with the highest lipid levels inhabiting the shallowest parts of the Gulf of Lions (all three species) and the Catalan Sea (last two species). At a small-scale, the study revealed differences in the condition of Diplodus sargus sargus between protected (Natural Park of Cap de Creus) and the unprotected habitats. Total lipid content in the muscle of D. s. sargus during spawning was higher within the protected area than in adjacent unprotected rocky areas. Because lipids play a critical role in the health, growth and reproduction of fishes, results from this study support the relative importance of some habitats (shallow v. deeper parts of the continental shelf, the Gulf of Lions v. the Catalan Sea, and the protected bottom areas of the Natural Park of Cap de Creus v. the unprotected bottom areas) for the productivity of different Mediterranean fishes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00708.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A karyotype analysis of the genus Dicentrarchus by different staining techniques (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 43 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This study presents a cytogenetic analysis of the genus Dicentrarchus, represented by two species, D. labrax and D. punctatus. The karyotypes are very similar, even after staining with different techniques. Both species show 48 subtelocentric and acrocentric chromosomes, gradually decreasing in size. One pair of small size chromosomes has heteropycnotic and heteromorphtc short arms of longer size. These short arms are C- and Ag-positive, i.e. nucleolar organizer regions, NORs, are located there. Constitutive heterochromatin is also evident as a subcentromeric band on the long arms of a large chromosome pair. CMA3-staining confirms the location and the heteromorphism of NORs. DAPI and quinacrine produce homogeneous staining of chromosomes. A review of cytogenetic studies on ‘serranid’ species is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1993.tb00567.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allozyme variation in global populations of striped mullet, Mugil cephalus (Pisces: Mugilidae) (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 131 (1998), S. 203-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The striped mullet, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758, is one of the few species of marine shore fish with a worldwide circumtropical distribution. Because of this distribution and the dependency of M. cephalus on coastal waters during various phases of its life cycle, as well as nearshore living habits, questions have been raised regarding levels of genetic divergence and gene flow among transoceanic populations. To cast more light on this, allozyme variation at 27 presumptive gene loci was investigated in ten globally diverse populations. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.018 (Hawaii) to 0.081 (Florida), averaging 0.050. The proportion of polymorphic loci showed a similar trend. Several populations were characterised by fixed allelic differences. Estimated gene diversities were very high, the allele frequency variation among populations was found to be 68%; genetic distances reached 0.242, with an average of 0.117. Estimated rates of gene flow were high among Mediterranean populations (Nm = 7.26), and between Mediterranean and East Atlantic populations (Nm= 2.86), but extremely low between non-contiguous populations within the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, where Nm ranged from 0.03 to 0.05.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic divergence and phylogenetic inferences in five species of Mugilidae (Pisces: Perciformes) (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 131 (1998), S. 213-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Allozyme electrophoresis was used to compare the genetic divergence of global populations of Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 and two congeneric [M.␣curema Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1836; M. gyrans (Jordan & Gilbert, 1885)] and two more distantly related [Liza ramada (Risso, 1826); Xenomugil thoburni (Jordan & Starks, 1896)] species on the basis of 18 enzyme loci. The amount of genetic divergence among the species examined is in agreement with their present systematic status, the differences being larger among non-congeneric species than among species of the same genus. Intraspecific genetic distances in M. cephalus (average Nei's D= 0.154), although higher than those reported for conspecific populations of fish, appear to be small when compared to the interspecific values among mugilid species (0.821 ≤ Nei's D ≤ 1.744). Phylogenetic trees obtained by genetic distance methods and discrete character parsimony analysis were of similar topology, except for the relationships within the genus Mugil and for the arrangement of M. cephalus populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050313
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetic analysis of Oedalechilus labeo (Pisces: Mugilidae), with a report of NOR variability (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 159-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A cytogenetic analysis by several staining techniques was carried out on Oedalechilus labeo specimens from the west coast of Italy, in order to extend the karyological knowledge on Mediterranean mullets. The karyotype of the species is composed of 46 acrocentric and 2 subtelocentric chromosomes. Constitutive heterochromatin was found to be restricted to the centromeres. Fluorochrome staining revealed a uniform base composition along the chromosome arms. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are located on the short arms of chromosome pair 9 and can be either homomorphic or quite heteromorphic in size. In some specimens chromomycin A3-staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA revealed a third additional and inactive NOR on the short arms of a medium-sized chromosome. This is the first report of NOR variability in Mugilidae, a family generally characterized by a quite conservative karyotype. Heterochromatin composition and NOR location differentiate O. labeo from a cytotaxonomical point of view from the Liza species studied, Liza being considered the genus from which the genus Oedalechilus derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050018
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetic characterization of the greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili (Pisces: Carangidae), by different staining techniques and fluorescence in situ hybridization (1997)
    Springer
    Marine biology 128 (1997), S. 573-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cytogenetic analysis by several staining techniques was carried out on specimens of Seriola dumerili from the Tyrrhenian coast of Sicily. The karyotype was found to be composed of 48 chromosomes in all the specimens examined. All chromosomes are subtelo- and acrocentrics, except for one pair of small-sized submetacentric chromosomes. After Ag-staining, nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) can be observed on the short arms of a medium-sized subtelocentric chromosome pair, and after chromomycin A3-staining a bright fluorescent signal is evident at the same sites. The 18S rDNA mapping by fluorescence in situ hybridization confirms this unique NOR location. The constitutive heterochromatin is mainly restricted to centromeres and the fluorochrome-staining by chromomycin A3 and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole revealed a uniform base composition along the chromosomal arms; therefore stock/population-specific marker chromosomes cannot be identified. Such cytogenetic features, however, rule out the presence of morphologically differentiated sex-chromosomes in the greater amberjack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050123
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonazepam pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy in neonatal seizures (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 585-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: clonazepam ; neonates ; convulsions ; therapeutic effect ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eighteen newborns (gestational age 28 to 42 weeks and post-natal age 0.5 to 44 days) suffering from convulsions not controlled by phenobarbital were treated with clonazepam 0.1 mg/kg (8 cases) or 0.2 mg/kg (10 cases) administered by slow intravenous infusion. The plasma half-lives in these ‘phenobarbital pretreated neonates’ were of the same order of magnitude as those reported in adults (20–43 h). Post-natal age did affect clearance, which was 50–70% less than in adults and older children. At the end of the infusion period, plasma clonazepam ranged from 28 to 117 ng/ml in the 0.1 mg/kg group and from 99 to 380 ng/ml in the 0.2 mg/kg group. In the former an immediate therapeutic response was observed in 7 out of 8 cases, and in the latter a significant and somehow delayed effect on convulsion was present only in 6 cases. The data suggest that optimal therapeutic response might already have been achieved with the 0.1 mg/kg dose. Higher doses and toxic concentrations of clonazepam may be detrimental to complete control of seizures and may expose the newborn to an unnecessary risk of adverse events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542419
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetic analysis of Epinephelus marginatus (Pisces: Serranidae), with the chromosome localization of the 18S and 5S rRNA genes and of the (TTAGGG)n telomeric sequence (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 137 (2000), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A cytogenetic analysis was carried out on specimens of Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834) from three localities in the Mediterranean Sea, to deepen knowledge of the chromosome complement of the species and identify any possible population-specific cytogenetic markers. All specimens had a 2n = 48 acrocentric karyotype with two Ag-, chromomycin A3- and C-positive NORs (nucleolar organizer regions) in the subcentromeric region of the smallest chromosome pair. The constitutive heterochromatin was distributed centromerically. Except for NORs, neither eu- nor heterochromatin show fluorescence after fluorochrome staining, i.e. there is no localized increase of AT- or GC-rich DNA. In all populations, the (TTAGGG) n telomeric sequences are restricted to the telomeres, and the 18S and the 5S rDNA clusters are located on different chromosome pairs. In specimens from Sardinia, additional signals after C-banding, Ag-staining and FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) with 18S rDNA can be observed in the telomeric region of one or two large-sized chromosomes, classified as No. 2. This suggests that additional and variable NORs could be detected in the species in addition to those on the genus-specific, NOR-bearing Chromosome Pair 24.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000334
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