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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A total of 74 independently run bioassays with soil incorporated metsulfuron-methyl from 12 different laboratories was analysed by a logistic dose-response curve to assess the precision of regression parameters and relate ED50 to soil properties. The potency in terms of ED50 of metsulfuron-methyl in Brassica rapa L., which was used by all laboratories, varied between 0.05 and 3.9 g a.i. ha-1. ED50 was negatively correlated with pH and positively correlated with organic matter. The majority of laboratories had ED50 within the interval 0.1-1.0 g a.i. ha-1. At one laboratory using three test species, the most sensitive species was Beta vulgaris L. followed by Brassica rapa L. and Lepidium sativum L. The coefficients of variation were smallest for the ED50 and ED90 response levels and largest for the ED10. The slope of the response curves had considerably lower coefficients of variation than the EDs. The results are discussed in relation to a previous collaborative bioassay study. Finally it is suggested that standardization of bioassays with herbicides could be achieved in the same way as standardization of chemical analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0888-7543
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0888-7543
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 183-186 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Glutathione ; GSH-peroxidase ; GSH S-aryltransferase ; Human gastric mucosa ; Gastric carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The γ-glutamyl-transferase activity, the total glutathione content, the GSH-peroxidase activity, and the GSH S-transferase activity using an aryl substrate were estimated in the S9 fraction of gastric biopsy specimens taken from patients with normal stomach morphology (n=24), acute gastritis (n=15), chronic-atrophic gastritis (n=10), gastric ulcer (n=9), and carcinoma of the stomach (n=12). The total glutathione content of normal gastric mucosal specimens was significantly higher than that of human liver biopsy specimens, whereas the GSH-peroxidase and the GSH S-aryltransferase activities were much lower than those found in the liver. Specimens of gastric ulcer had significantly lower enzyme activities of GSH-peroxidase and GSH-aryltransferase, whereas gastric cancer tissue had significantly lower concentrations of total glutathione. The intraindividual comparison of tumorous and non-tumorous tissue showed a consistent decrease of total glutathione as well as of GSH-aryltransferase activity in carcinomatous tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 257-264 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: TRIS buffer ; metabolic acidosis ; pharmacokinetics ; cellular uptake ; renal excretion ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the pharmacokinetics of TRIS, an infusion of the buffer was given to 6 healthy volunteers (121 mg/kg=1 mmol/kg; pH 7.4) and to 20 patients suffering from metabolic acidosis (109–376 mg/kg; pH 10.9). The drug exhibited two-compartment characteristics in volunteers (t0.5,β=5.6 h) and patients with intact renal function (t0.5,β=16.3–45.6 h). The final volume of distribution (Vβ) indicated uptake into tissues, but equilibration between body compartments was slow. Mainly unchanged TRIS was eliminated by the kidney; 82% of the administered dose was recovered from 24 h-urine of healthy subjects. In the patients a linear correlation between creatinine-clearance and TRIS-clearance was observed, the latter always being somewhat greater than the former. Only insignificant amounts of the drug were found in bile and gastric juice. In anuric patients the plasma concentration of TRIS declined monoexponentially, with a half-life between 10 and 58 h. Haemodialysis or haemofiltration did not influence this process. From the data it seems questionable whether cellular uptake of TRIS is an important factor in the therapy of intracellular acidosis, but the possibility of drug accumulation must be borne in mind if repeated doses are given to the same patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 107 (1984), S. 238-241 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Colon ; Rectum ; Adenocarcinoma ; Glutathione ; GSH S-transferase ; GSH peroxidase-γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A high content of total glutathione and high activities of both GSH S-aryltransferase (CDNB) and GSH peroxidase were found in different segments of the human intestinal mucosa comparable to findings in human gastric mucosa. Intraindividual comparisons of tumorous and nontumorous tissue specimens in patients with adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum revealed no marked differences in their glutathione content and enzyme activities except in the sigma, where we found significantly lower GSH concentrations and higher GSH S-aryltransferase activities in the carcinomatous tissue. γ-Glutamyl-transpeptidase activity, a marker of neoplastic cell growth in experimental hepatocarcinogenesis, did not differ between tumorous and nontumorous tissue areas. The presence and high activity of the GSH-dependent enzyme system in different segments of the human intestinal mucosa may reflect its role in the defense against toxic and putative carcinogenic xenobiotics entering the body via the gastrointestinal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 369 (1986), S. 776-776 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Continuous AV hemofiltration ; Cardiopulmonary recompensation ; Humoral factor elimination ; Spontane AV-Hämofiltration ; Kardiopulmonale Rekompensation ; Metabolitenelimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 37 schockierten, überwässerten Patienten verbesserte sich der Schockindex von 1,18 auf 0,86 4 h nach Beginn einer kontinuierlichen AV-Hämofiltration und blieb während der nächsten 48 h bei 0,8 stabil. Der ZVD fiel gleichzeitig unter einer Minusbilanz von 20–48 ml/h von 16,8 cm H2O auf 12,4. Bei einem Ultrafiltrat (UF) von 500 ml/h blieb das Kreatinin stationär; die Spontandiurese der polyurischen Patienten nahm geringfügig ab. PO, und PCO2 verbesserten sich im gleichen Zeitraum signifikant. Im OF wurde ein Proteingehalt von 1,7 g/1 gefunden, wobei auch großmolekulare Eiweiße den Filter passierten. Erhöhte Serumwerte von Thromboxan BZ und 6 Keto PGF 1 Alpha wurden durch Eliminierung im OF signifikant gesenkt.
    Notes: Summary In 37 overhydrated patients in shock, the shock index (pulse respiratory rate) dropped significantly from 1.8 to 0.86 4 h after CAVH was started and remained stable at 0.8 for the next 48 h. At the same time, under negative fluid balance of 20–48 ml/h, the central venous pressure dropped from 16.8 to 12.4. At a filtration rate of 500 ml/h, uremia can be sufficiently compensated with little effect on spontaneous diuresis. The P02 and PCO2 improved significantly during the first 48 h of CAVH. A protein concentration of 1.7 g/l, with a significant proportion of high-molecular-weight protein, could be found in the ultrafiltrate. High serum levels of thromboxan BZ and 6-Keto PGF 1-a were lowered significantly during CAVH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 369 (1986), S. 773-773 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Preoperative nutritional index ; Postoperative complications ; Präoperativer Ernährungszustand ; Postoperative Komplikation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 100 Patienten aus 4 Kliniken wurden in einer Multizenterstudie bezüglich ihres präoperativen Ernährungszustandes und postoperativer Komplikationen untersucht. Gemessen wurden anthroprometische, immunologische und biochemische Parameter. Mit Hilfe logistischer Regression wurde eine Formel entwickelt, die eine Voraussage von Komplikationen ermöglicht. Unter allen Parametern zeigte lediglich das Transferrin eine signifikante Beziehung zur postoperativen Komplikation. Alle anderen Parameter waren ohne prädiktiven Wert.
    Notes: Summary In 4 hospitals 100 patients were investigated concerning their preoperative nutritional status and postoperative complications. Anthroprometic, biochemical and immunologic parameters were measured. By means of logistic regression we identified the most important variables and derived a formula relating the risk of postoperative mortality and complications of the preoperative nutritional status. Of all the parameters studied, only the transferrin level demonstrated a significant predictive value concerning postoperative complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 364 (1984), S. 457-457 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Orthograde colonic irrigation ; Fluid regulation ; Rectal losses ; Orthograde Dickdarmspülung ; Flüssigkeitsregulation ; Peranale Verluste
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 31 Patienten wurde eine orthograde Dickdarmspülung mit 101 einer plasmaisotonen Ringerlactatlösung durchgeführt. Untersucht wurden im Blut Elektrolyte, Hämatokrit, Serumeiweiß, Adiuretin, Aldosteron, Plasmareninaktivität, Cortisol, Osmolalität, im Urin die Stundenmenge sowie Natrium und Kalium und im Effluens Alpha-Amylase, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Lipase, Eiweiß und Bicarbonat. Am Ende der Spülung lag eine leichte hypotone Hyperhydratation vor. Die hormonelle Gegenregulation erfolgt durch den reninabhängigen Abfall des Aldosteron und durch Absinken des ADH so langsam, daß eine Erhöhung des intravasalen Volumens durch Spülbehandlung nicht verhindert werden kann. Im Effluens wurde Bicarbonat, Trypsin und Chymotrypsin in höheren Mengen ausgeschieden als im normalen Stuhl.
    Notes: Summary Orthograde irrigation of the colon with 101 plasma-isotonic Ringer's lactate solution was performed on 31 patients. The following blood tests were done: electrolytes, hematocrit reading, serum protein, antidiuretic, aldosterone, plasma renin activity, and cortisol osmolality. The hourly amount of urine was determined, as well as sodium and potassium, and in the effluence alpha-amylase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, protein and bicarbonate. At the end of the irrigation we found slight hypotonic hyperhydration. Due to the renin-dependent decrease of aldosterone and the drop in ADH, hormonal counter regulation develops very slowly. Therefore, an increase in the intravascular volume because of the irrigation cannot be prevented. The secretion of bicarbonate, trypsin and chymotrypsin was found to be higher in the effluence than in normal feces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 657-663 
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Actinomycete ; amylase ; cellulase ; detergent ; fatty acids ; pectinase ; Thermomonospora ; Tween 80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Tween 80 (0.1%, v/v) added to Thermomonospora curvata growing in minimal medium caused a transient lowering of the dry cell mass, decreased the optimal growth temperature of the thermophile from 62 to 54°C, and increased extracellular esterase activity. Cells grown in the presence of Tween 80 had decreased concentrations of branched chain fatty acids and increased concentrations of oleic acid. The detergent removed surface protuberances from mycelia and increased the liberation of enzymes active against crystalline cellulose, but did not stimulate liberation of enzymes active against carboxymethylcellulose, starch or pectin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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