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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine verbesserte Methode zum Nachweis des Y-Chromosoms in Blutspuren (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 76 (1975), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Geschlechtsbestimmung, Blutspuren ; Blutspuren, Geschlechtsbestimmung ; Y-Chromosomen, Nachweis in Blutspuren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine neue Filterkombination mit Interferenzfilter SWP 440 als Primärfilter und GG 455 als Sekundärfilter im Fluorescenzmikroskop zum Nachweis des Y-Chromosoms in Blutspuren wird beschrieben. Im Vergleich mit der am üblichsten angewandten Filterkombination zu diesem Zweck, BG 12 – 530, ergibt die neue Filterkombination im Blindversuch mit 5 männlichen Probanden und bei der Untersuchung von drei Wochen alten Blutspuren signifikant bessere Resultate. In vorläufig bis zu sechs Wochen alten Blutspuren auf Glas ist im Blindversuch eine sichere Geschlechtsdiagnostik mit dieser Technik erreicht worden.
    Notes: Summary A new filter combination for fluorescence microscopy using SWP 440 interference filter for excitation and GG 455 as the barrier filter is described. In blind trials examining blood smears of 5 male persons and by examination of 3 weeks old blood stains a better Y chromosome demonstration has been obtained using this new technique in comparison with the “usual” filter combination: BG 12–530. In blind trials of up to 6 weeks old blood stains of one male and one female a reliable sex determination was made using the new technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00200553
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelin-1 stimulates insulin secretion by direct action on the islets of Langerhans in mice (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1030-1035 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Endothelin-1 ; islet of Langerhans ; mouse ; ion fluxes ; glucose ; insulin secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide, is secreted in response to insulin. Elevated circulating ET-1 levels have been found in patients with diabetes mellitus and vascular dysfunction. The question arises whether ET-1 acts as a direct modulator of insulin secretion. To test this, we studied the effects of ET-1 on isolated mouse islets of Langerhans. ET-1 (1 nmol/l-1 Μmol/l) dose-dependently stimulated insulin secretion from islets incubated in the presence of 16.7 mmol/l glucose (p〈0.05). The effect of ET-1 is glucose-dependent since no potentiation was found at 3.3 mmol/l glucose. Furthermore, ET-1 induced a large, transient increase in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during islet perifusion in the presence (p〈0.001), but not in the absence, of extracellular Ca2+. The rate of 45Ca2+-efflux from 45Ca2+-prelabelled islets was transiently stimulated by ET-1 during perifusion at 16.7 mmol/l glucose in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ (p〈0.001). A short-lived increase in 45Ca2+-efflux was also observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ (p〈0.05). It is suggested that the effects of ET-1 on insulin secretion are critically dependent on influx via Ca2+-channels. In addition, ET-1 transiently enhanced 86Rb+-efflux from 86Rb+-prelabelled islets both in the presence (p〈0.001) and in the absence (p〈0.001) of extracellular Ca2+ suggesting that ET-1 does not elicit insulin secretion by inhibition of the potassium permeability. Our study provides evidence that ET-1 stimulates insulin secretion via a direct effect on the islets of Langerhans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400650
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelin-1 stimulates insulin secretion by direct action on the islets of Langerhans in mice (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1030-1035 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Endothelin-1 ; islet of Langerhans ; mouse ; ion fluxes ; glucose ; insulin secretion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide, is secreted in response to insulin. Elevated circulating ET-1 levels have been found in patients with diabetes mellitus and vascular dysfunction. The question arises whether ET-1 acts as a direct modulator of insulin secretion. To test this, we studied the effects of ET-1 on isolated mouse islets of Langerhans. ET-1 (1 nmol/l–1 μmol/l) dose-dependently stimulated insulin secretion from islets incubated in the presence of 16.7 mmol/l glucose (p 〈 0.05). The effect of ET-1 is glucose-dependent since no potentiation was found at 3.3 mmol/l glucose. Furthermore, ET-1 induced a large, transient increase in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during islet perifusion in the presence (p 〈 0.001), but not in the absence, of extracellular Ca2 + . The rate of 45Ca2 + -efflux from 45Ca2 + -prelabelled islets was transiently stimulated by ET-1 during perifusion at 16.7 mmol/l glucose in the presence of extracellular Ca2 + (p 〈 0.001). A short-lived increase in 45Ca2 + -efflux was also observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2 + (p 〈 0.05). It is suggested that the effects of ET-1 on insulin secretion are critically dependent on influx via Ca2 + -channels. In addition, ET-1 transiently enhanced 86Rb + -efflux from 86Rb + -prelabelled islets both in the presence (p 〈 0.001) and in the absence (p 〈 0.001) of extracellular Ca2 + suggesting that ET-1 does not elicit insulin secretion by inhibition of the potassium permeability. Our study provides evidence that ET-1 stimulates insulin secretion via a direct effect on the islets of Langerhans. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 1030–1035]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400650
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The insulinotropic effect of endothelin-1 is mediated by glucagon release from the islet alpha cells (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 1302-1307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Endothelin-1 ; insulin secretion ; glucagon secretion ; flow cytometry ; alpha cell ; beta cell ; clonal cell line ; endothelin receptor ; gene expression.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. The circulating concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a peptide derived from endothelium, are increased in hypertension and diabetes. Endothelin-1 has recently been shown to be an insulinotropic agent. The mechanism of action of endothelin-1 on the endocrine pancreas has not yet been clarified. Methods. We investigated the action of endothelin-1 on the insulin secretion, the binding of 125I-ET-1 to beta cells as well as its effects on purified beta and non-beta cells from normal rats. The expression of endothelin receptors in alpha- and beta-cell lines and in normal rat islets was also studied. Results. First, we studied the effects of endothelin-1 on insulin secretion from beta-cell lines (INS-1, βTC3 and MIN6). At all endothelin-1 concentrations applied (1 pmol/l to 1 μmol/l) no change in insulin secretion was found. Ligand-binding experiments on βTC3 cells showed no specific binding of 125I-ET-1. A prominent expression of ETA-receptor mRNA in an alpha-cell line (αTC1.9) and in normal rat islets was found whereas no expression was found in INS-1 cells. No influence of endothelin-1(1 μmol/l) on insulin secretion stimulated by glucose was detected from purified beta cells. Endothelin-1-(100 nmol/l) increased, however, both insulin and glucagon secretion from a mixture of purified beta and non-beta cells indicating that alpha cells seem to have a key role for the action of ET-1 on insulin secretion. Conclusion/interpretation. The insulinotropic impact of endothelin-1 is not caused by a direct action on the beta cells but seems to be mediated by a paracrine action, probably secondary to enhanced release of glucagon from the endothelin receptor positive alpha cells. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1302–1307]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051442
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The frequency of false-positive and false-negative results in the detection of Y-chromosomes in interphase nuclei (1986)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 73 (1986), S. 27-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In blood smears from 527 females and 457 males examined for the presence of Y chromosomes in interphase nuclei, 0.6% false-positive results and 11% false-negative results were found. There was a clear tendency for the falsenegative results to occur among those with small fluorescent or non-existing bands on the Y chromosome. The three falsepositive females all had fluorescent chromosomal variants. In a comparison between female samples with and without chromosomal variants respectively, the former showed significantly higher false Y-body counts. There was a decrease in the number of Y-bodies with increasing age. There were no significant differences between staining with 0.1% Quinacrine mustard and 0.1% and 1% Mepacrine. This study provides a] more solid basis for the use of Y chromosome detection in forensic medicine, for screening purposes etc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292659
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ARDS after accidental inhalation of zinc chloride smoke (1988)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 14 (1988), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Adult respiratory distress syndrome ; Zinc chloride toxicity ; Acute lung injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five soldiers were injured by inhalation of hexite smoke (ZnCl2) during military training. Two soldiers, not wearing gas masks breathed hexite for 1 or 2 min, they slowly developed severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) over the ensuing 2 weeks. This slow, progressive clinical course has not been previously described. In both patients, an increased plasma zinc concentration was measured 3 weeks after the incident. Intravenous and nebulized acetylcysteine increased the urinary excretion of zinc, and briefly decreased the plasma levels. In an attempt to arrest collagen deposition in the lungs, L-3,4 dehydroproline was administered. Both patients died of severe respiratory failure (25 and 32 days after inhalation). At autopsy diffuse microvascular obliteration, widespread occulusion of the pulmonary arteries and extensive interstitial and intra-alveolar fibrosis was observed. Three soldiers wearing ill fitting gas masks, immediately developed severe coughing and dyspnea. They improved, and 12 months after exposure their lung function tests were nearly normal, but they still had slight dyspnea on exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00254116
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