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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ventilation and secretion of pulmonary surfactant (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 3-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Pulmonary surfactant ; Regulation of secretion ; Ventilation ; Adult lung disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Various factors are involved in the regulation of surfactant secretion: chemical agonist; local environmental factors such as mediators, locally produced hormones, and possibly pH; and finally, mechanical stress occurring during lung inflation. Here we suggest a model of regulation which is grouped into three levels: a basal autoregulatory mechanism with local factors being superimposed and a systemic level acting through hormones reaching the lung via the bloodstream. Depending on the situation, the different levels may vary in their importance. For the normal situation, in the absence of stress factors, we suggest the autoregulation of stretch-induced secretion and SP-A inhibition as indicated by in vitro experiments to be the prominent regulatory mechanism for surfactant secretion. From this model, mechanisms can be derived which indicate involvement of the surfactant system in, for example, obstructive lung disease. Support from the literature for this hypothesis is reviewed. Because quantitative measurement of the amount of surfactant-associated phospholipids cannot be done adequately at this time, we suggest testing the relatively risk-free application of exogenous surfactant in a pilot phase based on indications for its involvement and usefulness derived from animal and in vitro experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422930
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypercholesterämische Xanthomatose bei intrahepatischem Verschlußikterus nach Salvarsan (1951)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 193 (1951), S. 99-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383676
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Schicksal Derfermente im Verdauungs-Kanal (1933)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 12 (1933), S. 1866-1867 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die eingeführten Fermente verhalten sich im Verdauungskanal sehr verschieden. Myrosin, Emulsin, Urease und Katalase bleiben bis zum Dickdarm erhalten und wirksam, Zymase und Peroxydase werden rasch, zerstört. Eine Resorption der Fermente ist bis heute nicht erwiesen und sehr unwahrscheinlich, da auch. Myrosin und Emulsin, die durch sehr empfindliche und scharfe Reaktionen sich noch in geringen Mengen erkennen lassen, in keinem Organ jenseits der Darmwand nachweisbar waren. Man wird daher mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit schließen können, daß auch die körpereigenen Fermente nicht wieder aufgesaugt werden und daß die geringen Fermentmengen, welche im Blut und Harn enthalten sind, auf dem Blutweg und nicht durch Rückresorption aus dem Darm in den Kreislauf gelangen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02116296
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geschwindigkeit und Ort der „Nephrotoxin“-Bindung bei der Experimentellen Glomerulonephritis (1939)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 18 (1939), S. 1548-1550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung NachMasugi wurde eine experimentelle diffuse Glomerulonephritis erzeugt. Während der intravenösen Injektion des wirksamen Antinierenserums wurde dielinke Niere durch vorübergehende Abklemmung der Art. renalis eine Viertelstunde lang aus dem Kreislauf ausgeschaltet. Daraufhin entwickelte sich nach einigen Tagen nur in der rechten Niere eine Masugi-Nephritis. Dielinke Niere erkrankte nicht oder — in schweren Fällen — auch, aber weit weniger als die andere Seite. Auf die Bedeutung dieser Befunde für die Art und Geschwindigkeit der „Nephrotoxin“-Fixation und -Wirkung wird hingewiesen, ebenso auf die Beziehungen zur menschlichen Nephritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01772025
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumour-cell-endothelial interactions: free radicals are mediators of melanoma-induced endothelial cell damage (1996)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 428 (1996), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Melanoma ; Endothelial cell damage ; Free radicals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Damage to vascular endothelium may play an important role during metastasis. We used a three-dimensional model of tumour cell extravasation to test the hypothesis that certain types of tumour cells are able to induce vascular endothelial cell injury. Multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS) of 14 human cancer cell lines and spheroids from two benign cell lines were transferred onto confluent monolayers of human endothelial cells (EC). MCTS from 4 of 7 melanoma cell lines induced damage of the endothelium which was closely associated with tumour cell attachment. Endothelial cell injury became evident morphologically by loss of cell membrane integrity and sensitivity to shear stress. Similar results were obtained with EC derived from human umbilical veins, umbilical arteries and saphenous veins. Addition of the oxygen radical scavenger catalase showed a dose- and time-dependent inhibition (up to 48 h) of EC damage in the case of the melanoma cell lines ST-ML-11, ST-ML-14 and SK-MEL-28. The scavenging enzyme superoxide dismutase proved to be protective (up to 12 h) in ST-ML-12 MCTS. In contrast, allopurinol, deferoxamine mesylate, ibuprofen, nor-dihydroguaretic acid, soybean trypsin inhibitor or aprotinin had no protective effect. None of the non-melanoma cancer cell lines or benign cells induced endothelial cell damage. Endothelial injury has been shown to enhance the process of metastasis. Our results suggest that free-radical-mediated endothelial cell damage may be one of the mechanisms contributing to the devastating metastatic potential of melanoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193937
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nahrungsaufnahme und Natalität bei palaearktischen Simuliiden (Diptera) 1. Blutfütterung vonBoophthora erythrocephala De Geer 1776 undWilhelmia lineata Meigen 1804 am Kaninchen (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of pest science 58 (1985), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-4766
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Während mehrer r Monate wurden Weibchen vonBoophthora erythrocephala undWilhelmia lineata am Kaninchenohr gefüttert und die Überlebensrate während der Eireifungsphase,
    Notes: Abstract Nutrition and Reproduction in Palaearctic Blackflies (Simuliidae: Diptera). I. Bloodfeeding ofBoophthora erythrocephala De Geer andWilhelmia lineata Meigen on Rabbits Females of the mammalophilic species,Boophthora erythrocephala andWilhelmia lineata, feed on cattle and horses in the field. When fed on the rabbit's ear under laboratory conditions, they differ considerably in bloodsucking activity, in mortality during digestion of blood, natality, and hatching rates of first instar larvae. InB. erythrocephala 641 wild-caught-♀♀ fed in 74,1% without seasonal variation. When females were kept up to four days before feeding their bloodsucking activity did not decrease. Laboratory-emerged-♀♀ usually fed in even higher rates (416/533) and 4–6 days old flies fed more frequently than younger or older females. Survival rates during digestion of blood in 4 days were 60% in wild-caught, 40% in laboratory-emerged-♀♀, and 74% in cattle-fed-♀♀. Only 29% of wild-caught and the cattle-fed-♀♀ but 50% of the laboratory-emerged flies could be induced to lay eggs on wet substrate. Natality of cattle-♀♀ (219 eggs/♀) and laboratory-emerged fed on the rabbit (225 eggs/♀) were significantly higher than in wild-caught rabbit-fed-♀♀ (191 eggs/♀). The number of eggs developing to first instar larvae generally was low (42%). InW. lineata wild-caught-♀♀ fed less successfully (162/407) and showed considerable seasonal variation. The best results were obtained in September and October. Keeping them in the laboratory for 1–4 days reduced the bloodsucking activity. In laboratory-emerged-♀♀ the best feeding result (347/724) were obtained with 4–6 day old flies but their survival during maturation of eggs remained low (55%). It was higher with wild-caught (67%) and cattle-fed-♀♀ (78%). In all cases 60% of them could be induced to oviposit. The rabbit-fed wildcaught or laboratory-emerged flies produced significantly more eggs (183 resp. 197 eggs/♀) than cattle-fed ones (138 eggs/♀). Most egg batches contained only 16% fertilized eggs. In laboratory-emerged-♀♀ ofB. erythrocephala andW. lineata the potential natality was highest in spring, lowest in summer and increased again in autumn. The number of eggs/♀ was affected by the blood volume. Starting with laboratory-emerged flies fed on the rabbit a production factor of 10.9 is calculated forB. erythrocephala and of 5.4 forW. lineata rearing from the imago to the first instar larva. When the larvae are reated to adults with 44% efficiency a reproduction of 2.4 resp. 1.2 per generation of females results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01906212
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    407. Endoskopische prognostische Beurteilung der Blutungsneigung von Ulcera ventriculi und Ulcera duodeni (1983)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 361 (1983), S. 932-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Emergency endoscopy ; Gastroduodenal ulcers ; Recurrent bleeding ; Possibility of forecasting ; Notfallendoskopie ; Gastroduodenale Ulcera ; Blutungsrezidivhäufigkeit ; Prognose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der klinische Verlauf von 121 Patienten mit blutenden gastroduodenalen Ulcera wurde untersucht (1981/82). Blutungsrezidivhäufigkeit, Operationshäufigkeit und Letalität wurden mit den verschiedenen Blutungstypen einer modifizierten Forrest-Einteilung korreliert. Endoskopische Kriterien für die prognostische Beurteilung der Blutungsrezidivhäufigkeit wurden herausgearbeitet. Die Resultate zeigen, daß die Notfallendoskopie bei Ulcusblutung nicht nur die Diagnose, sondern darüber hinaus eine prognostische Beurteilung des Verlaufs ermöglicht.
    Notes: Summary The clinical course of 121 patients with bleeding peptic ulcers was reviewed (1981/82). Recurrent hemorrhage, operation frequency and mortality rate were related to different bleeding types using a modified Forrest classification. Endoscopic criteria for predicting recurrent hemorrhage were evaluated. The results show that emergency endoscopy is a valuable method not only for accurate diagnosis, but also for prediction of recurrent bleeding from gastroduodenal ulcers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276233
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roux-Y-Rekonstruktion nach distaler Magenresektion durch alleinige Verwendung von Staplern (1986)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 367 (1986), S. 119-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Subtotal gastrectomy ; Roux-Y-reconstruction ; Stapler ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Verbreitung der maschinellen Nahttechniken werden Klammernahtgeräte auch in der Magenchirurgie verwendet. Durch ausschließliche Verwendung von Staplern wurde in einer Pilotstudie (n = 25) eine funktionelle, aktuelle Rekonstruktionstechnik nach distaler Magenresektion, die Roux-Y-Rekonstruktion etabliert und überprüft. Dabei wurde in folgender Reihenfolge nach distaler Magenresektion und bei Carcinompatienten mit systematischer Lymphektomie vorgegangen: 1. Duodenalverschluß (GIA oder TA 30), 2. Magenresektion (TA 90), 3. Jejuno-Jejunostomie (EEA 25), 4. Gastrojejunostomie (EEA 25/28), 5. Verschluß der überstehenden ableitenden Schlinge (GIA). In dieser Studie wurden folgende Vorteile wie Steigerung der Nahtsicherheit, Zeitgewinn, Herabsetzen der Komplikationen und insbesondere Ausdehnung der Indikation hinsichtlich Alter und Tumorlokalisation angestrebt. Erforderlich für die systematische und alleinige Anwendung von Staplern im oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt ist ein spezielles Programm zur Ausschaltung von Anwendungsfehlern. In dieser Studie wurde eine sehr sorgfältige Registrierung der intra- und postoperativen Komplikationen sowie der erzielbaren Lebensqualität nach distaler Magenresektion vorgenommen.
    Notes: Summary The spreading of stapled suture techniques has also entailed the utilization of staplers in gastric surgery. A functional, up-to-date, and exclusively stapled reconstruction procedure, Roux-Y-reconstruction, after subtotal gastrectomy was established and analyzed in a pilot study (n = 25). In doing so, one proceeded as follows after subtotal gastrectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy in cases of carcinoma: 1) duodenal closure (GIA or TA 30), 2) gastric resection (TA90), 3) jejunojejunostomy (EEA25), 4) gastrojejunostomy (EEA25/28), 5) closure of the projecting efferent loop (GIA). This study intended to achieve the following advantages: increased suture safety, saving of time, reduction of complications, and especially the extension of indications regarding age and localization of the tumor. A special program to eliminate mistakes in handling is required for the sole and systematic application of staplers in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Every complication occurring during and after surgery was carefully recorded in this study and the attainable quality of life after subtotal gastrectomy was assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01259261
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    142. Ergebnisse der selektiv-proximalen Vagotomie beim Ulcus ventriculi Typ III (1985)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 366 (1985), S. 603-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Vagotomy ; Prepyloric gastric ulcer ; Vagotomie ; Präpylorisches Ulcus ventriculi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das präpylorische Magenulcus wurde 1978–1983 mit einer selektiv-proximalen Vagotomie und Ulcusexcision behandelt (n=38). Es traten bisher 12 Rezidive auf (31,2%). In der Visick-Einschätzung (n=33) waren die Ergebnisse unter Einbeziehung der symptomarmen Rezidive nur 51,5% der Patienten als sehr gut und gut zu bezeichnen. Von 11 Frauen wiesen 8 ein Rezidiv auf, davon 5 mit normaler Säuresekretion, von 26 Männern nur 4 (2 mit normaler Saftanalyse). Wir haben hieraus die Konsequenz gezogen, Frauen mit normaler Säuresekretion primär zu resezieren.
    Notes: Summary Thirty-eight of 49 patients operated on for a prepyloric gastric ulcer (1978–1983) had a selective proximal vagotomy combined with excision of the ulcer. By march 1985, 12 recurrent ulcers had been found (31.2%). Including the patients with recidivist ulcers without significant complaints, only 51.5% of the patients were evaluated as Visick I or II. Eight of 12 females had a recurrent ulcer, but only 2 of them had hypersecretion; only 4 of 26 males had a recurrence (2 patients with normal gastric secretion). As a result, we perform primary resection in females with normal acid output.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01836741
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    148. Thrombin als Injektionsmittel bei blutenden gastroduodenalen Läsionen (1985)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 366 (1985), S. 606-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Upper GI bleeding ; Injection method ; Emergency endoscopy ; Obere GI-Blutung ; Injektionsmethode ; Notfallendoskopie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Blutstillungsvorgang bei der Injektionsmethode ist ein dynamischer Prozeß, bei dem sich nach der Kompression des blutenden Gefäßes durch die injizierte Flüssigkeit eine Entzündungsreaktion des injizierten Gewebes anschließt. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zeigten, daß Thrombin keine Ulcerationen in der Magenwand verursachen und möglicherweise eine bessere Blutstillungsrate zu erreichen ist. In einer prospektiven Pilot-Studie wurden 47 Patienten mit blutenden gastro-duodenalen Läsionen mit Thrombin behandelt. Primäre Blutstillungsrate (F1a und F1b): 96%, 23 (24) Patienten, Blutungsrezidivrate: 21%, 5 (23) Patienten.
    Notes: Summary Hemostasis with the injection method is a dynamic process. Compression of the bleeding vessel by the injected fluid will be followed by a inflammatory reaction at the injection site. Experimental investigation showed that thrombin does not cause ulcerations in the stomach wall and hemostasis could be more sufficient. In a prospective pilot study, 47 patients with bleeding gastroduodenal lesions were treated with thrombin. There were no specific complications or ulcerations. The initial hemostasis (F1a and F1b) was 96% (23 of 24 patients). The recurrent bleeding rate was 21% (5 of 23)!
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01836747
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