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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 2 (1963), S. 1454-1460 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 37 (1997), S. 62-73 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Maligne Lymphome im Kindesalter ; Sonographie ; Indikationen ; Befunde ; Differentialdiagnose ; Key words Malignant lymphoma in childhood ; Ultrasound ; Indications ; Findings ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The sonographic diagnosis of malignant lymphoma in childhood is described. Malignant lymphomas are sonographically relatively uniform: initial enlargement of the lymph nodes and organs involved and disturbance of normal echo texture by mainly hypoechoic lesions can be found. Generally, four sonographic patterns of infiltration are described: diffuse, small nodular, large nodular and bulky type. Secondary, tumor-related or inflammatory complications (e. g. dislocation or compression of vessels, thoracic inlet syndrome, venous thrombosis, ileus, urinary retention, abscess and effusion) can be sonographically evaluated. Response to therapy correlates with normalization of size and echo texture and recovery from tumor-related complications. Differential diagnosis with ultrasound is based on the topographic distribution and echo pattern of infiltration and, with certain restrictions, on the echogenicity of lesions and perfusion feasible with Doppler sonography. The primary diagnosis has to be established histologically.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Ultraschalldiagnostik maligner Lymphome im Kindesalter wird beschrieben. Lymphatische Sytemerkrankungen des Kindes sind sonographisch relativ einheitlich: initial finden sich Lymphknoten- und Organvergrößerungen, sowie Störung der normalen Echotextur meist in Form von hypoechogenen Läsionen. An den parenchymatösen Organen werden sonographisch im wesentlichen 4 Infiltrationsmuster beobachtet: diffus, klein-nodulär, groß-nodulär und der „Bulcky-Typ“. Sekundäre, tumor- oder entzündungsbedingte Komplikationen (Gefäßkompression, Einflußstauung, Thrombose, Ileus, Harntransportstörung, Abszesse, Ergüsse) sind sonographisch erfaßbar. Ein Therapieerfolg ist im Ultraschall an der Normalisierung der Lymphknoten- und Organgröße, der Rückkehr der normalen Organechogenität und der Rückbildung tumor- bzw. entzündungsbedingter Komplikationen erkennbar. Differentialdiagnostische Hinweise ergeben sich aus dem topographischen Verteilungsmuster und dem sonographischen Erscheinungsbild der Läsionen, sowie unter gewissem Vorbehalt anhand der Echogenität und der dopplersonographisch analysierbaren Durchblutungsverhätnisse. Die primäre Diagnose ist immer histologisch zu sichern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Osteosarkome ; Ewing-Sarkome ; Therapiemonitoring ; Bildgebende Verfahren ; Dynamische MRT ; Key words Osteosarcoma ; Ewing sarcoma ; Monitoring of response to therapy ; Diagnostic imaging ; Dynamic MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Adjuvant chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with bone sarcomas. Preoperative diagnostic imaging of tumor response to such therapy has become a mainstay for the assessment of prognosis, planning of surgery and further treatment. During therapy, responding tumors show characteristic changes on conventional radiography, angiography, sonography, radionuclide studies, CT and MR. The usefulness and the limitations of each imaging modality in assessing response to therapy are reviewed. The diagnostic importance of specific changes such as tumor volume reduction, calcification and tumor vascularization is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die adjuvante Chemotherapie hat die Prognose von Patienten mit Sarkomen des Knochens erheblich verbessert. Die bildgebenden Verfahren sind in der präoperativen Verlaufskontrolle unter dieser Therapie für die Abschätzung der Prognose sowie der Planung des operativen Vorgehens und der nachfolgenden Therapie unverzichtbar geworden. Im Laufe der Chemotherapie zeigen Tumoren, welche auf die Therapie ansprechen, charakteristische Veränderungen im Röntgenbild, in der Sonographie, der Angiographie, der Szintigraphie, der CT und der MRT. Die Möglichkeiten und die Grenzen der einzelnen bildgebenden Verfahren werden erläutert und die Bedeutung spezififscher Veränderungen der Tumoren unter Therapie wie Größenreduktion, Verkalkungen und Tumorvakularisation diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytical Biochemistry 6 (1963), S. 534-542 
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Over the past decade oceanographers have become increasingly aware of an intense and compact ocean ‘mesoscale’ eddy structure (the ocean weather) that is superimposed on a generally sluggish large-scale circulation (the ocean climate). Traditional ship-based observing systems are not ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 224 (1969), S. 1014-1016 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1. Periodograms of the paddle displacement and of the wave amplitudes for the 1-3-4 resonant triad. Probes 1, 2, 3 and 4 were stationed respectively at distances of 2, 4, 7 and llm from the paddle, and all were 40 cm deep. In the theory, we considered the case of plane internal waves ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Aldose reductase ; animal models ; cataracts ; diabetes ; red blood cells ; sorbitol dehydrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Screening for red blood cell sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency in 12 different mammalian species was performed. A wide inter-species variability in red cell sorbitol dehydrogenase with a virtually complete deficiency in pigs was observed. Aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities in 12 different pig tissues also were measured. Aldose reductase activity was present in all the tissues studied, whereas organ specificity for sorbitol dehydrogenase was observed. Sorbitol dehydrogenase activity was not detectable in lenses, among other tissues, making the pig a potential model for studies in experimental diabetes, particularly for the investigation of sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency as a risk factor in the development of cataracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Key words Pancreas • Pancreatic neoplasm • Computed tomography • Pancreatic carcinoma ; Schlüsselwörter Pankreas • Pankreaskarzinom • Computertomographie • Pankreastumoren ; Computertomographie • Pankreastumoren ; Resektabilität
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ziel: Darstellung unserer Ergebnisse der Hydro-CT-Technik zur Diagnostik des Pankreaskarzinoms, basierend auf einer mehrjährigen Anwendung an einem Krankengut von nunmehr 211 Patienten. Material und Methode: Zwischen Mai 1994 und September 1997 wurden in einer prospektiven Studie 211 konsekutive Patienten mit klinischem, laborchemischem oder durch vorherige Bildgebung begründetem Verdacht auf Pankreastumor mittels Hydro-CT-Technik untersucht (Darmparalyse, Magen- und Duodenaldistension, individualisierte Boluskinetik, Dünnschichtspiral-CT mit 3 mm Schichtdicke, 6 mm Tischvorschub und 3 mm Rekonstruktionsintervall). Untersuchungsschwerpunkte waren: 1. Tumordetektion, 2. Differenzierung maligner oder benigner Veränderungen, 3. Differentialdiagnostik der Tumoren, 4. Beurteilung der Resektabilität. Bei positivem Tumornachweis wurde als Goldstandard die intraoperative (potentielle resektable Tumoren) und histologische Bewertung (sicher irresektable Tumoren) und bei fehlendem Tumornachweis eine 6monatige tumorfreie Nachsorgeperiode festgelegt. Ergebnisse: Bei 94 % aller Patienten war die Hydro-CT problemslos durchführbar. Die Prävalenz eines malignen Pankreastumors betrug 37,9 %. Dabei erreichte die Hydro-CT eine Gesamtgenauigkeit in der Tumordetektion von 94,8 % bei einer Sensitivität von 93,7 % und einer Spezifität von 95,2 %. 52 Patienten wurden operiert, davon 34 kurativ (RO-Resektion) entsprechend einer Resektionsrate von 42,5 %. Die Gesamtgenauigkeit der Resektabilitätsbeurteilung erreichte 94,6 % bei einer Sensitivität von 91,2 % und einer Spezifität von 95,6 %. Schlußfolgerungen: Die Hydro-CT des Pankreas in Dünnschicht- und Spiraltechnik mit individueller Anpassung der Kontrastmittelboluskinetik ermöglicht eine hohe Tumordetektionsrate und eine hohe Sicherheit in der Resektabilitätsbeurteilung von Pankreastumoren.
    Notes: Summary Purpose: To document our experience with spiral hydro-CT of the pancreas based on a combination of pharmacologic intestinal paralysis and water distension of the stomach and duodenum with specific reference to tumor detection rate, differentiation of malignant versus benign tumors and assessment of tumor resectability in a prospective study on 211 consecutive patients. Material and methods: Between May 1994 und September 1997, 211 patients with suspect of pancreatic neoplasm from clinical, laboratory or other imaging data were examined. Our Hydro-CT techniques were based on intravenous injection of 40 mg N-butylscopolaminiumbromid (Buscopan) for intestinal paralysis, gastric and duodenal wall distension by oral administration of an average of 1.5 l warm tap water, 30 ° RAO patient's positioning, individualized contrast injection technique using portal vein enhancement as reference and thin slice spiral CT (3 mm slice thickness, 6 mm table feed and 3 mm secondary reconstruction). Examined parameters were: (1) tumor detection rate, (2) differentiation of malignant versus benign disease, (3) differential diagnosis and (4) accuracy of assessment of resectability by identification of infiltration into adjacent organs and vessel structures relevant for resectability such as splenic, superior mesenteric, portal vein and celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, splenic and hepatic arteries. As gold standard for positive tumor detection and description surgery (of potentially resectable tumors) and microscopic diagnosis (of clearly unresectable tumors) were used and for negative tumor detection an event-free survival of six months, respectively. Results: 96 % of the examinations were well tolerated. In only 4 % was on-site administration of a gastric tube required because of vomiting. In 2 % of the patients a slight allergic reaction to the contrast medium was seen. The prevalence of a pancreatic neoplasm was 37,8 %. In tumor detection Hydro-CT reached an overall accuracy of 94,8 % with a sensitivity of 93,7 % and a specificity of 95,2 %. 52 patients underwent surgical exploration 34 of whom with tumorfree resection margins (R0 resection) corresponding to a resection of 42,5 %. In those assessment of resectability reached an overall accuracy of 94,6 % with a sensitivity of 91,2 % and specificity of 95,6 %. Conclusion: The new technique of Hydro-CT based on thin slice and spiral methodology including pharmacologic intestinal paralysis and water distension results in a high tumor detection rate and reliable assessment of resectability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Key words Lymphoma ; Staging ; Radiology ; Computed tomography ; MRI ; Schlüsselwörter Lymphome ; Staging ; Diagnostik ; Computertomographie ; Magnetresonanztomographie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Staging mit bildgebenden Verfahren stellt unverändert die Grundlage einer differenzierten Therapie der malignen Lymphome dar. Die Stadieneinteilung folgt der Ann-Arbor-Klassifikation, die um einige Modifikationen erweitert wurde. Standarduntersuchungsverfahren ist bisher die CT, aufgrund der zunehmenden Vorteile der MRT ist aber zu erwarten, daß die MRT eine größere Bedeutung erlangen wird. Die Stärken der Schnittbildverfahren liegen in einer exakten und reproduzierbaren Dokumentation des Ausmaßes des nodalen Befalls. Der Nachweis extranodaler Herde ist abhängig von ihrer Wachstumsform und ihrer Lokalisation. Während fokale Herde in parenchymatösen Organen bei ausreichender Größe gut dargestellt werden können, bleibt ein diffuses Wachstum oft unerkannt. Computertomographisch kann ein Lungenbefall sicher erfaßt werden, die Veränderungen sind aber nicht spezifisch. Unbefriedigend sind die Ergebnisse der Diagnostik eines Milz- oder Leberbefalls. Der Einsatz der „Hydrotechnik“ hat das Staging gastrointestinaler Lymphome mittels Schnittbildverfahren deutlich verbessert.
    Notes: Summary Radiological staging continues to remain the basis of a critical therapy of malignant lymphoma. As staging system, the Ann Arbor classification with some added modification is used. Up to now, CT is the imaging study of choice for staging and follow-up of cases of lymphoma. In future however, due to the advantages of the MRI, parts of the staging will be performed by MRI only. Imaging studies provide accurate measurement of extent of nodal disease. The detection of extra-nodal disease depends on the growth pattern and on the location. Focal lesions of sufficient size can be readily detected, diffuse infiltration is often missed. Computed tomography precisely reflects pathologic changes of lung involvement, but the findigs are not specific. One weakness of the imaging studies is the low detection rate of splenic and hepatic involvement. Staging of gastrointestinal lymphoma has been improved by “hydro-CT” or “Hydro-MRI”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD) was quantitatively assayed in a family in which four out of five brothers and their father had bilateral cataracts. Three sibs (two of them with cataracts) and both their father and paternal grandfather had SORD activity of about 25% of the reference values; of the other two affected sibs one had about 50% and the other had 75%; the mother and two paternal uncles had about 75%. These results do not define a clear cataract-SORD deficiency etiopathogenic relationship, nevertheless, they strongly suggest activity polymorphism in human red cell SORD, which would be highly relevant not only to the study of cataracts but of other major complications in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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