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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 42 (1999), S. 776-782 
    ISSN: 1437-1588
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Herpes simplex-Virus Typ 1 ; Herpes simplex-Virus Typ 2 ; Seroprävalenz ; Herpes genitalis ; Epidemiologie ; Typenspezifische Antikörper ; Key words Herpes simplex virus type 1 ; Herpes simplex virus type 2 ; Seroprevalence ; Herpes genitalis ; Epidemiology ; Type- specific antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are the most frequent infections cause of genital ulcerations. Although genital infections by HSV-1 are increasing HSV-2 is dominant in recurrent infections. This study was conducted on a panel of sera collected anonymously in 1996 and 1997 from blood donors (1979 samples) and hospital patients (3079 samples) without risk factors for herpesvirus infections such as STD, other infectious diseases and immunosuppression. Serum samples were tested with ELISAs using monoclonal antibody-selected native gG1 and gG2 as antigens and an immunoblot using type-specific recombinant glycoproteins. Equivocal results were confirmed with an in-house Western blot. HSV-1 prevalence correlated strongly with age and was highest (about 90%) among subjects 40 years of age or older. In the total sample, the HSV-2 seroprevalence was 12.8% (95% CI 11.9–13.8%). The HSV-2 seroprevalence was significantly higher among women (15%; 95% CI 13.7–16.4%) than among men (10.5%; 95% CI 9.3– 11.8%), yielding a female: male age adjusted odds ratio of 1.5 (95%-CI 1.19–1.90%) for hospital patients and of 1.67 (95%-CI 1.29–2.15%) for blood donors.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Herpes-simplex-Viren (HSV-1, HSV-2) sind die häufigste infektiöse Ursache von genitalen Ulzerationen. Trotz einer Zunahme primärer genitaler HSV-1-Infektionen ist HSV-2 der dominante Virustyp bei rezidivierenden Erkrankungen. Rückschlüsse auf die Häufigkeit des genitalen Herpes können daher aus der Prävalenz von HSV-2-spezifischen Antikörpern in der Bevölkerung gezogen werden. Diese Studie wurde an einem Panel von Serumproben durchgeführt, das 1996 und 1997 anonym von 1979 Blutspendern und 3079 Klinikpatienten gesammelt worden war. Die Patienten hatten keine bekannten Risikofaktoren bezüglich HSV-Infektionen wie sexuell übertragbare Krankheiten, andere Infektionskrankheiten oder eine immunsuppressive Therapie. Die Serumproben wurden mit typenspezifischen ELISA-Testen, die auf den gereinigten nativen Glykoproteinen gG1 bzw. gG2 basieren sowie einem Immunoblot mit typenspezifischen rekombinanten Glykoproteinen untersucht. Die Abklärung fraglicher Reaktionsausfälle erfolgte mit einem In-Haus-Westernblot. Die HSV-1-Seroprävalenz korrelierte eng mit dem Alter und war bei Personen ≥40 Jahre mit ca. 90% am höchsten. Im Gesamtkollektiv hatten 12,8% (95% CI 11,9–13,8%) der Probanden Antikörper gegen HSV-2. Die HSV-2-Seroprävalenz war bei Frauen (15%; 95% CI 13,7–16,4%) signifikant höher als bei Männern (10,5%; 95% CI 9,3–11,8%), was einem altersadjustierten Odds Ratio für Patienten von 1,5 (95%-CI 1,19–1,90) und für Blutspender von 1,67 (95%-CI 1,29–2,15) entspricht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Internist 41 (2000), S. 223-229 
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Als eine der letzten großen klassischen Seuchen fordert die Influenza jährlich weltweit zahlreiche Opfer, insbesondere unter der ä:lteren Bevölkerung. Allein in Deutschland verstarben nach Schätzung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Influenza (AGI) während der Saison 1998/99 etwa 15.000 Menschen an den Folgen der Virusgrippe [9]. Die beste Möglichkeit sich vor Influenza zu schützen besteht in der Immunprophylaxe, die jährlich mit Impfstoffen von den jeweils dominierenden Influenzavirus A- und B-Epidemiestämmen durchgeführt wird. Bei älteren Menschen und Personen mit Vorerkrankungen kann mit einer Wirksamkeit der Schutzimpfung von 77% bzw. 63% gerechnet werden [7]. Leider ist die Akzeptanz der Impfung in der Bevölkerung nur gering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Animal models for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are restricted to some species of new-world monkeys which develop malignant lymphoid tumours or benign lymphoproliferative diseases after virus inoculation. Similar pathological features were induced in rabbits by the EBV-related herpesvirus ofMacaca arctoides (HVMA). In this study 17 of 32 rabbits infected with varying amounts of HVMA produced from MAL-1 cells developed lymphoproliferative disorders. In 13 rabbits high-grade malignant lymphomas were detected, 4 rabbits revealed the histopathological feature of lymphoid hyperplasia. These lympho-proliferations were shown to be associated with HVMA by PCR and by the expression of EBV-like RNAs (EBER) in 14 and 10 cases, respectively. The homology in the polymerase gene region between DNA from EBV and HVMA, and from HVMA and the malignant tissue was found to be 94.8% and 100%, respectively. All the infected animals produced antibodies to antigens corresponding to early and late EBV proteins. By studying the HVMA expression in MAL-1 cells EBV-like proteins expressed in latency (EBNA1 and EBNA2) and in the lytic cycle (VCA, EA) were detected. Our findings suggested that HVMA caused a symptomatic infection in rabbits with pathological features that fit the conditions of an animal model suitable for testing antiviral drugs and vaccines against EBV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary After immunization with autologous testicle cells which were infected with herpes virus hominis type 1 or 2, histologically homogeneous, eosinophilic PAS-positive substances could be detected in five out of six rabbits, mainly within the interstitium. These substances have been found by immunofluorescence microscopic techniques to be antibodies against testicle tissue.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nach Immunisierung mit autologen Hodenzellen, die mit Herpesvirus hominis Typ 1 oder 2 infiziert waren, ließen sich bei 5 von 6 Kaninchen vorwiegend im Interstitium histologisch homogene eosinophile PAS-positive Substanzen nachweisen, die sich immunfluoreszenzmikroskopisch als Antikörper gegen Hodengewebe erwiesen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 59 (1979), S. 257-261 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary After infection with human cytomegalovirus, rabbit lung fibroblasts showed, during the four week period of the experiment, cytopathic changes and virus-specific antigens demonstrable by fluorescent antibody. Infectious virus could be recovered from the infected cells by co-cultivation with human lung fibroblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The determination of antibodies against cytomegalovirus-induced antigens in 30 patients with acute cytomegalovirus infection and in 100 healthy control persons, using early antigen preparations of human lung fibroblasts and of rabbit lung fibroblasts, yielded results showing a high degree of agreement. For such investigations, however, the use of rabbit cells proved to be of advantage because the preparation of the early antigens can be carried out without inhibition of the DNA synthesis of the host cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 28 (2000), S. 261-266 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Keywords: Key Words Neuraminidase inhibitors ; Influenza A and B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Influenza viruses type A and B can cause a wide spectrum of illness, and they are responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity. With the new neuraminidase inhibitors, of which zanamivir was the first drug to be licensed, the physician has antivirals at his disposal which are safe and effective against both influenza virus type A and type B. Available data from clinical Phase III studies indicate benefits in terms of a reduction in the median time to alleviation of major symptoms by 1.5 to 3 days when treatment is started within 36 to 48h after onset of influenza. Similar results have been obtained with oseltamivir. Neuraminidase inhibitors provide a valuable treatment option, particularly for individuals not protected by vaccination, and those at high risk of influenza-related complications. The study results obtained so far indicate that patients with pre-existing diseases and those with severe influenza symptoms profit most from the treatment. This is confirmed by our own experience in treating severe influenza conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Keywords: Key Words Coxsackievirus B3 ; Intrauterine infection ; Neonatal disease ; Congenital skin lesions ; Virological diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background: Serious neonatal coxsackievirus infections transplacentally acquired in late pregnancy involve primarily the central nervous system, heart, liver and rarely the skin. Patients and Methods: A boy born with a disseminated papulovesicular, nodular, bullous and necrotic ulcerated rash at 39 weeks gestational age developed pneumonia, carditis and hepatitis during the first days after birth. Molecular biological and serological methods were used for virological diagnosis. Results: Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) was found in throat swabs and/or feces of the neonate and his mother. In addition, there was serological evidence of intrauterine infection. Conclusion: Intrauterine transmission of CVB3 during late pregnancy may lead to varicella-like congenital skin lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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