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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postnatal development and enlargement of primary middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst recognized on repeat CT scans (1986)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 2 (1986), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Arachnoid cyst ; Computed tomography ; Ball-valve mechanism ; Middle cranial fossa ; Postnatal occurrence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The etiology and mechanism of expansion of primary intracranial arachnoid cysts have been much debated. A rare case of an 8-month-old boy is reported, in which postnatal development and enlargement of a middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst was detected on follow-up CT scans. Based on intraoperative and histological findings, the cyst was found to be intra-arachnoid. The wall was excised completely, and the lobe adjacent to the cyst appeared normal apart from signs of atrophy. Histological study of the excised cyst revealed a common arachnoid membrane with neither ependymal nor inflammatory cells; the cyst fluid was similar to CSF. The etiology of the lesion remains unclear, but it was considered that the expansion of the cyst might have occurred through a ball-valve mechanism of the membrane in communication with the general subarachnoid space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00706815
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term survival in malignant intracranial germ-cell tumors: a report of two cases and a review of the literature (1993)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 9 (1993), S. 431-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Germ cell tumor ; Yolk sac tumor ; Embryonal carcinoma ; Cisplatin ; Long-term survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors report the successful treatment of two cases of malignant germ-cell tumor. A 12-year-old patient with a pineal immature teratoma and increase of α-fetoprotein serum levels was treated with total excision and cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB) in combination given twice. One year later, he had a recurrence of tumor in the right occipital lobe, which was totally removed, and yolk sac tumor was verified. As subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy, PVB was given in four courses over 1.5 years, together with one course of cisplatinetoposide (PE) therapy. The patient is well 5 years and 9 months after the first operation. In the second case, a 19-year-old patient with a pineal mixed germ-cell tumor, composed of germinoma, yolk sac tumor, and embryonal carcinoma, was treated with total excision, followed by four courses of PVB therapy and one of PE. She has done well in the 4.5 years since the initial treatment. Thus, aggressive extirpation of the lesion and subsequent combination chemotherapy using cisplatin and other multiple drugs, given in at least four courses over 1.5 years, even if tumor markers return to within normal limits, might provide successful treatment for malignant germ-cell tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306201
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of cellular carbohydrate moieties in human dysontogenetic brain tumors, especially in craniopharyngioma and epidermoid/dermoid (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1992), S. 71-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cellular carbohydrate moietie ; Lectin ; Craniopharyngioma ; Epidermoid/dermoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cellular carbohydrate moieties of 65 human dysontogenetic brain tumors (craniopharyngioma, epidermoid/dermoid, Rathke cleft cyst, germinoma and non-germinomatous germ-cell tumors) and 60 common brain tumors (glioma, meningioma, neurinoma and pituitary adenoma) were investigated histochemically using lections from Ulex europaeus (UEA-1), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), peanut (PNA) and soybean (SBA), and with anti-blood group A and LewisY (LeyY) antibodies. In craniopharyngiomas and epidermoid/dermoids, it was found that PNA and SBA binding sites existed in suprabasal cells of the epithelium, and that antigen of either blood group A or H (demonstrable by UEA-1) existed in more differentiated epithelial cells compared to the results reported in normal human skin epidermis. Rathke cleft cysts were stained with PNA or SBA, and two out of three Rathke cleft cysts also expressed either H or A antigen. In addition, DBA binding sites, as well as LeY antigen, were frequently seen in craniopharyngiomas and Rathke cleft cysts, but they were entirely absent in the epithelium of epidermoid/dermoid. On the other hand, PNA and SBA reactivities was also found in common brain tumors, while blood group A, H and LeY antigens and DBA reactivity were almost absent in these tumors. These findings demonstrate that carbohydrate moieties such as those of blood group antigens reported to be found in human skin epidermis exist in a similar form in craniopharyngioma, epidermoid/dermoid and the Rathke cleft cyst. The identification of blood group A, H and LeY antigens and DBA reactivity in brain tumors seems to be considerably limited and specific. Thus, carbohydrate antigen reacting with DBA and the presence of LeY antigen might be distinguishing markers for craniopharyngioma as well as Rathke cleft cyst versus epidermoid/dermoid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304635
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoblot analysis of the placental form of glutathione S-transferase in protein extracted from paraffin-embedded human glioma tissue (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 119 (1993), S. 493-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Glioma ; GlutathioneS-transferase placental form ; GST ; Western blot ; Formalin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Protein extracted from conventional formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections of human gliomas was examined for immunoblot analysis using antibody against the placental form of glutathioneS-transferase (GST-π). Four benign astrocytomas, five anaplastic astrocytomas and four glioblastomas were used in this study. The preliminary study demonstrated that immunoreactivity of GST-π was well preserved in normal brain tissue and normal term placenta fixed in acetone, formalin or buffered formalin (pH 7.4). GST-π in gliomas fixed in formalin also had a good immunoreactivity and showed clear bands on nitrocellulose membranes processed by the method of Western blotting using anti-GST-π antibody. The results of immunoblot analysis for GST-π indicate that the intensity of immunoreactivity of benign astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma increases with the advance of malignancy of these neoplasms. Western blot analysis for GST-π can be performed using protein extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections, and the immunoreactive bands can be analyzed quantitatively by densitometric scanning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01215931
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid detection of proliferating potential in human brain tumors by nucleolar organizer region staining on squash preparations (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 117 (1991), S. 510-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Brain tumors ; Nucleolar organizer regions ; Proliferating potential ; Rapid detection ; Squash preparation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rapid detection of the proliferating potential of 37 human brain tumors was attempted using squash preparations stained by a silver colloid technique for argyrophilic protein associated with nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs). Less than 1 h was required for staining. The mean number of AgNORs in cell nuclei of malignant or recurrent brain tumors (16 cases) including meningeal sarcoma, recurrent meningioma, recurrent craniopharyngioma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme and metastatic brain tumor was 3.18, and the number for benign brain tumors (21 cases) including meningioma, neurinoma, pituitary adenoma, benign astrocytoma, ependymoma, and adenoma of lachrymal gland was 1.85. The former value was significantly greater than the latter value (P〈0.001). These results indicate that quantitative analysis of AgNORs in brain neoplastic cells, using squash preparations, is useful to differentiate malignant from benign tumors within 1 h. Thus, this method provides rapid and useful information about the proliferative potential of human brain tumors even during operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01613280
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of proliferative potential in gliomatosis cerebri (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 238 (1991), S. 80-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Gliomatosis cerebri ; Nucleolar organizer region ; Glial fibrillary acidic protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The proliferative potential of neoplastic cells in two cases of gliomatosis cerebri was investigated by a combined staining technique, a one-step silver colloid method for nucleolar organizer region-associated protein (AgNOR) and immunohistochemistry for fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The neoplastic cells in the two cases had an abnormal shape and showed positive GFAP immunostaining in their cytoplasm. The numbers of AgNORs were counted in central and peripheral lesions of the neoplastic field in each case. The mean AgNOR scores in neoplastic cells were almost the same as those of nonneoplastic astrocytes in both the central and the peripheral lesions. These values were almost equal to the AgNOR score of low-grade gliomas. These findings indicate that gliomatosis cerebri has an invasive character in the central nervous system and often shows a malignant tendency, but its proliferative potential is significantly lower than that of high-grade gliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315685
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitization of C6 glioma cells to radiation by staurosporine, a potent protein kinase C inhibitor (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 15 (1993), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: staurosporine ; radiosensitization ; glioma cells ; protein kinase C
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of staurosporine, a potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, on the sensitivity to radiation has been investigated in C6 glioma cells. Pretreatment of C6 cells with staurosporine at the concentrations over 1 nM resulted in an enhancement of sensitivity to irradiation. At a concentration of 5 nM, staurosporine caused significant radiosensitization of the cells, either it was administered 1) before and during irradiation, or 2) continuously before, during, and after irradiation, with a reduced D0 (the 37% survival dose) from 3.8 Gy to 2.9 Gy and 3.0 Gy, respectively, (p〈 0.03). Since the viability of C6 cells was not affected by staurosporine alone at the concentrations tested, the radiosensitizing effect of staurosporine was considered to be mediated via suppression of PKC. Furthermore, another potent PKC inhibitor H-7, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride, also sensitized C6 cells to irradiation, while HA1004, N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide hydrochloride a potent inhibitor for cAMP-dependent protein kinase, failed to affect the radiosensitivity in this cells. Therefore, staurosporine-induced sensitization of C6 cells to radiation may at least in part be mediated by its inhibitory activity for PKC. Staurosporine represents a new agent for radiosensitization and may prove usefulness in studying the mechanisms responsible for radio-resistance and -sensitivity in glioma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01050256
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of placental form of glutathione s-transferase in ACNU-resistant murine glioma cell lines (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 17 (1993), S. 205-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: GST-P ; glioma ; ACNU ; resistance ; MTT assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Expression of the placental form of glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) in 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3-(2-chloro-ethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU)-sensitive 9L and C6 glioma cells, and ACNU-resistant 9L (9LR) and C6 (C6R) glioma cells was investigated by Northern blot analysis for GST-P mRNA and Western blot analysis for GST-P protein. The sensitivity of 9L, 9LR, C6 and C6R cell lines to ACNU was evaluated by microculture tetrazolium assay. Localization of GST-P protein in these cell lines was investigated by immunocytochemical method. Expression level of GST-P mRNA in 9LR cells was 3 times that of 9L cells and the level of GST-P protein in 9LR cells was 1.7 times that of 9L cells. On the contrary, the amount of GST-P mRNA of C6R cells was 1.3-fold larger than C6 cells and that of GST-P protein of C6R cells was 1.3-fold larger than C6 cells. Immunocytochemical investigation revealed that 9LR cells had stronger expression of GST-P in their cytoplasm than 9L cells. Expression of GST-P in both C6R and C6 cells was less than 9L and 9LR cells, and the amount was similar to each other. The present study suggests that GST-P may play an important role in detoxification of anti-cancer drugs in some glioma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049976
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effectiveness of intraoperative radiation therapy for recurrent supratentorial low grade glioma (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 25 (1995), S. 239-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: low grade glioma ; recurrence ; intraoperative radiation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve adult patients in the records of 38 patients with histologically verified supratentorial low grade glioma showed recurrence at the Gifu University Hospital between 1980 and 1992. A mean period to recurrence from the initial surgery and postoperative radiation was 38 months. Six of these patients underwent intraoperative radiation therapy. The other six patients received chemotherapy with conventional cytoreductive surgery in three cases and additional external irradiation in three cases. The 2-year survival rate of the former patients was 83.8% and significantly higher than that of the latter ones, 16.7% (p 〈 0.05). Most cases showing recurrence of supratentorial low grade glioma were occurred locally, and dissemination or remote metastasis of the lesion were rare. The results revealed that the local control is important for recurrent tumors of supratentorial low grade gliomas. The effectiveness of the intraoperative radiation therapy as the second operation for the recurrent supratentorial benign glioma is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01053157
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the placental form of glutathione S-transferase in pediatric gliomas (1993)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 9 (1993), S. 142-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Glutathione S-transferase ; placental form ; Pediatric glioma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Western blotting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Expression of the human placental form of glutathione S-transferase (GST-θ) in pediatric gliomas, consisting of three pilocytic astrocytomas (grade 1), two fibrillary astrocytomas (grade 2), three anaplastic astrocytomas (grade 3), and one glioblastoma multiforme (grade 4), were investigated by immunohistochemical methods. Western blot analysis for GST-θ using proteins extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded glioma specimens was performed and compared with the results of immunohistochemistry. Both the immunohistochemical examination and the Western blot analysis of pediatric gliomas revealed that malignant gliomas such as anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma had strong expression of GST-θ while benign gliomas showed weak GST-θ expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272262
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