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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eosinophil activity markers in peripheral blood have high predictive value for bronchial hyper-reactivity in patients with (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of eosinophils and markers of their activity for bronchial hyper-reactivity (BHR) in a population of patients with recently developed clinical symptoms of asthma. The activation of eosinophils was estimated by measuring eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in serum. In addition, flow cytometry was used to measure the expression of the EG2-epitope on intracellular ECP in eosinophils from peripheral blood. Twenty-eight consecutive patients with clinical history of asthma were studied. Of the 28 patients, 18 had a positive bronchial challenge test measured as PD20 1600 μg histamine. A significantly higher concentration of eosinophils and a trend to higher ECP in the peripheral blood was found in the hyper-reactive group than in the nonreactive group. However, the intracellular expression of ECP did not correlate with the PD, value, and no significant difference between the groups was found. With one eosinophil activity marker, either serum ECP or EG2, BHR could be predicted in 70% of the patients. If we combined any two of the activity markers (serum ECP, EG2, or the percentage of eosinophils), the predictive value increased to 100%. We conclude that the blood eosinophil concentration, as well as, to some extent, serum ECP, has a high specificity for BHR in patients with recently developed clinical symptoms of asthma. Despite normal bronchial reactivity, some patients had signs of activated eosinophils, i.e., high serum ECP and increased EG2 expression. Thus, these markers may reflect early stages in the development of BHR. Our results also indicate that a combined evaluation of percentage of eosinophils and of eosinophil activity markers is of clinical value to predict BHR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04654.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid levels during aspirin provocation in aspirin-sensitive subjects (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ability of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to inhibit the cyclo-oxygenase which catalyzes formation of prostaglandins appears to be central to the mechanisms involved in aspirin sensitivity. We have investigated whether the plasma levels of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and its main metabolite salicylic acid (SA) at the time of intolerance reactions correspond with the concentrations required for enzyme inhibition in vitro. Twelve aspirin-sensitive and 15 aspirin-tolerant subjects were followed during provocation with aspirin. ASA and SA concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC. After oral provocation (up to 460 mg cumulative dose), the levels of ASA and SA in plasma were equivalent in aspirin-sensitive and aspirin-tolerant subjects. For the aspirin-sensitive subjects, at the time of adverse reaction, the concentration range was 2.9–33.3 μM for ASA and 18.1–245 μM for SA. Oral provocation with sodium salicylate yielding 10-fold higher SA levels did not elicit intolerance reactions. Statistically significantly lower levels of ASA and SA (P〉0.01) evoked airway obstruction, as compared with merely extrapulmonary symptoms. Bronchial absorption of aspirin was found after inhalation of lysine-aspirin and was comparable in asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects. In three aspirin-sensitive subjects who developed airway obstruction, the plasma levels for ASA and SA were 0.9–2.6 μM and 0.0–6.7 μM, respectively. In conclusion, the plasma levels of ASA reached at the time of a positive reaction are of the magnitude known to inhibit cyclo-oxygenases. Neither differences in bioavailability of ASA nor the formation of SA seems to contribute to the aspirin-elicited reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00772.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum reactivity to other indoor ficus plants in patients with allergy to weeping fig (Ficus benjamina) (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ornamental plants have long been used for indoor decoration. An example is the india rubber tree (Ficus elastica). With the increased popularity of green plants, both in private homes and public premises, small-leaf species, such as weeping fig or Ficus benjamina (Fb), have become widely used. Exposure to dust from Fb may cause sensitization and allergic airway symptoms, which among occupationally exposed plant keepers occur both in atopics and non-atopics. The serum reactivity to sap extracts from Fb and seven other indoor plants of the genus Ficus were investigated with RAST and a RAST inhibition technique, using sera from 12 atopic subjects and 12 plant keepers, sensitized to Fb. The allergenic similarity between the different extracts was found to be extensive. The specific IgE antibodies with the highest concentrations in serum were those against Fb and its variegate form, “star light”, with decreasing values for the other species, especially those with larger leaves. The binding of IgE antibodies to the other Ficus RAST discs could be completely inhibited by extract of Fb. These reactions were probably due to cross-reactivity. Sensitization is believed to occur by inhalation of allergen-enriched dust, emanating from the leaves of the plants. The high allergenic potency of the species with many small leaves may be due to their large total leaf area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00550.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bronchial provocation studies in farmers with positive RAST to the storage mite Lepidoglyphus destructor (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Bronchial provocation studies with L. destructor (L. des.) extract were made on 12 farmers with asthma who were exposed daily to stored hay and grain and had positive radio-allergo-sorbent test (RAST) to L. des. All 12 farmers developed more than a 20 % fall in FEV1 to the extract. None of the symptomatic farmers who were also RAST positive to the L. des. culture medium developed an asthmatic reaction to the medium extract. Neither four healthy farmers nor two patients with asthma caused by D. pteronyssinus (D. pt.) responded to L. des. or the L. des. culture medium. Challenges with D. pt. extract were negative in two symptomatic farmers who were RAST positive to L. des. and negative to D. pt. The present study further supports our previous hypothesis that there is an IgE-mediated immunological mechanism behind L. des. -induced asthma in farmers and that atopic farmers are liable to develop occupational asthma caused by allergy to L. des..
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00926.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The increased prevalence of allergic airway disease (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb02435.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equivalent Inhibition by Terbutaline of Anti-Human IgE Skin Responses in Atopic and Non-Atopic Subjects (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 40 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies have shown that pretreatment of skin with beta2-adrenoceptor stimulants antagonizes anti-human IgE elicited wheal and flare reactions in atopic and non-atopic subjects. This experimental system was employed to further study the hypothesis that atopic disease and bronchial asthma unrelated to atopy might be associated with a beta-adrenoceptor defect. Eight patients with extrinsic and 10 patients with intrinsic asthma deprived of oral bronchodilator treatment and corticosteroids for at least a week, and in a clinically stable condition, 10 patients with extrinsic rhinitis and on no treatment, as well as age and sex matched healthy control subjects showed almost identical dose-response relations for the inhibitory effect of intradermally injected terbutaline (0.25–100 ng), on anti-IgE elicited skin reactions. In four asthmatic patients the inhibitory effect of terbutaline did not change following a treatment period with oral terbutaline and theophylline. The data do not support the presence of a cutaneous mast cell beta2-adrenoceptor defect in patients with atopy or bronchial asthma unrelated to atopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb04151.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predominance of mite allergy over allergy to pollens and animal danders in a farming population (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 17 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The prevalence of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to respiratory allergens, including Lepidoglyphus destructor (a storage mite) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, was studied in a rural population of Gotland, a Swedish island in the Baltic Sea. A sample of 440 farmers underwent examination, comprising skin-prick tests (animal danders, pollens, moulds, house dust mite and wheat) and blood sampling for radio-allergosorbent tests (RAST) (birch, Timothy grass, dog, D. pteronyssinus, Cladosporium and L. destructor). The highest prevalence of positive skin-prick tests was noted for D. pteronyssinus (6.0%). Low prevalences of positive skin-prick tests, 0.7-2.7%, were found for pollens, animal danders and moulds. Among the tested allergens, D. pteronyssinus and L. destructor yielded the highest prevalences of positive RAST results, namely 5.2 and 6.8%, respectively. Most farmers with allergy to pollens and animal danders had symptoms both from the upper and lower airways and from the eyes. Among farmers with both asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis, the prevalence of positive RAST results for L. destructor and D. pteronyssinus were similar. The present study clearly demonstrates that mites are by far the most important allergens in the farming population on Gotland, whereas otherwise common allergens such as pollen and animal danders are clearly less significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1987.tb02035.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory effects of formoterol and terbutaline on the development of late phase skin reactions (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The capacity of the β2-agonist terbutaline and the longer-acting β2-agonist formoterol to suppress the development of late phase skin reactions to anti-human IgE was evaluated in 17 healthy volunteers. Anti-IgE injected intradermally per se induced an early weal and flare reaction, followed by a progressively increasing induration, the LCR, with a duration of ≥ 24 hr. The LCR was inhibited by 40% when the weal was infiltrated with formoterol 250 ng 30 min after challenge (n=9, P 〈 0.01). The same anti-LCR effect was achieved by compensating for the shorter duration of action of terbutaline with repeated drug infiltration in 12.5 μg doses of the weal produced by anti-IgE up to 3½ hr after challenge (n=8). The data support the hypothesis that β2-agonists, both short-and long-acting, inhibit IgE-dependent LCRs by preferentially interacting with inflammatory events after the initial mast cell degranulation
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb03081.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eosinophils in late cutaneous reactions (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01672.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late asthmatic reactions and bronchial variability after challenge with low doses of allergen (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 18 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Late allergic inflammatory reactions are probably of major importance for the development of asthma. In order to study the occurrence of early and late asthmatic reactions after challenge with different doses of allergen, inhalation provocation tests were performed in 13 patients with mild or moderate symptoms of allergic asthma. The provocation series was started with a low allergen dose (0.1–10 BU), which was then increased in successive ten-fold increments at intervals of 1 week until a pronounced bronchial reaction developed. Three different reaction patterns were observed. Six patients showed an isolated late reaction to relatively low doses of allergen. In four patients an immediate reaction was followed by a late reaction—a so-called dual response, and in three patients only an immediate reaction occurred. In four of the six patients who showed only a late reaction a higher allergen dose was given and this resulted in dual reactions in all four. One patient was challenged with an even higher dose, to which she reacted with an immediate response alone. After a late reaction, bronchial variability with low PEF values was observed over a period of several days. It is thus possible for an isolated late asthmatic reaction to be provoked by a low dose of inhaled allergen. This can be of clinical importance, repeated small doses of allergen may be unnoticed but still give bronchial inflammation and asthmatic symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02907.x
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