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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold-induced thermogenesis in hypothyroid rats (1990)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 416 (1990), S. 663-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Brown adipose tissue ; Hypothyroidism ; Cold exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hypothyroidism was induced in adult rats by oral administration of methimazole. Euthyroid and hypothyroid rats were maintained at 23 °C or exposed at 6 °C for 3 weeks. Both euthyroid and hypothyroid rats maintained at 23 °C had similar interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) composition and thermogenic activity. Cold-exposed hypothyroid rats showed the same interscapular BAT mass and gross tissue composition as cold-exposed euthyroid animals, but the interscapular BAT of cold-exposed hypothyroid rats did not show the characteristic increase in GDP binding, and the increase in mitochondrial mass was lower than in euthyroid rats. From these results we conclude that thyroid hormones do not influence BAT significantly when thermogenic requirements are moderate, but they participate in the trophic response of the tissue when thermogenic requirements are intense. This thyroid hormone participation in the BAT trophic response occurs at the mitochondrial level, both in quantitative (mitochondrial mass) and qualitative (GDP-binding) aspects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00370612
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of diet-induced thermogenesis during pregnancy in the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 409 (1987), S. 314-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Brown adipose tissue ; Cold-induced thermogenesis ; Diet-induced thermogenesis ; Pregnancy ; Thermoneutral zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Both virgin and pregnant rats were maintained at two different ambient temperatures (28° C and 10° C) for 19 days. Virgin rats maintained their daily food intake and body weight at both temperatures. At 28° C pregnant rats showed a greater daily food intake and body weight than virgin ones and their brown adipose tissue suffered regressive changes in composition when compared with brown fat of virgin rats. At 10° C the increases in daily food intake and body weight of pregnant rats took place from day 15–16 of pregnancy onward and foetuses taken from these pregnant rats were smaller than those taken from pregnant rats at 28° C. It is concluded that pregnant rats at thermoneutrality, although hyperphagic, do not show diet-induced thermogenesis. However, it is proposed that pregnant rats in the cold may show BAT cold-induced thermogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583482
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inactivation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis by oestradiol treatment in cold-acclimated rats (1990)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 416 (1990), S. 659-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Brown adipose tissue ; 17β-oestradiol ; Cold-induced thermogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Both cold-acclimated female rats and rats at thermoneutrality received 0.15–0.20 mg daily of 17β-oestradiol over 15 days via a Silastic capsule implanted subcutaneously. Controls received empty implants. Comparison between the oestradiol-treated animals and the untreated controls revealed that at thermoneutrality, oestradiol treatment decreased food intage and body weight gain, but did not affect brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and composition. By contrast, in cold-acclimated rats, oestradiol treatment did not modify food intake or body weight gain, but it decreased BAT thermogenesis. It is concluded that the effects of oestradiol treatment on BAT depend on the activity of the tissue, i.e. it has no effect on BAT when the tissue is thermogenically inactive, but it decreases cold-induced BAT thermogenesis. It is suggested that oestradiol could be the hormonal factor responsible for the previously observed inactivation of BAT thermogenesis during pregnancy in cold-acclimated rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00370611
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation between brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and sympathetic activity in rats with high plasma levels of oestradiol (1994)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 426 (1994), S. 40-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Brown adipose tissue ; Cold-acclimation ; Noradrenaline turnover ; Oestradiol ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has been shown previously that high plasma levels of oestradiol inhibit brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Since rats and mice show a close association between thermogenic activity in and sympathetic discharge to brown fat, we measured the noradrenaline turnover in rats with high plasma levels of oestradiol to establish whether the observed inhibition of thermogenic activity is brought about by a reduction in the sympathetic drive to brown adipocytes. Oestradiol-filled Silastic capsules were implanted subcutaneously in female rats previously acclimated either to thermoneutrality or to cold. Control rats received empty implants. After 15 days treatment, noradrenaline turnover was measured by blocking its synthesis with α-methyl-p-tyrosine. As expected, noradrenaline turnover was higher in cold-acclimated rats than in rats kept at thermoneutrality. The presence of high plasma oestradiol levels did not alter sympathetic activity in any of the treated groups despite reducing thermogenic activity. This result reveals that oestradiol dissociates the thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue from its sympathetic activation. Such dissociation has never been previously reported in rats, although it seems to be common in Syrian hamsters. However the causative factor in this species is unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374668
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen consumption of oestradiol-treated rats (1994)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 426 (1994), S. 351-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Rat ; Brown adipose tissue ; Noradrenaline responsiveness ; Oxygen consumption ; Cold acclimation ; Body temperature ; Oxidative capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rectal temperature and oxygen consumption (üüO2) were monitored in female rats acclimated either to cold or to thermoneutrality and with and without chronic administration of oestradiol. The hormone is known to inactivate brown adipose tissue (BAT) and to reduce its response to noradrenaline (NA). The role of sympathetic control was studied by administering NA or the adrenergic blocker propranolol. Oestradiol treatment did not affect rectal temperature in the states of acclimation to thermoneutrality and to cold, nor did it change the hypothermic response of cold-exposed rats to temporary food deprivation. In the cold-acclimated rats, both controls and oestradiol-treated animals exhibited similar degrees of metabolic reduction after propranolol administration in the cold and similar degrees of metabolic activation by NA at thermoneutrality. Rats acclimated to thermoneutrality showed a larger metabolic response to NA when treated with oestradiol. The results suggest that oestradiol, while inactivating the BAT response to NA, activates the NA responsiveness of other metabolically active tissues in cold-induced thermogenesis. The observation of a greater oxidative capacity in the kidney and the rectus abdominis muscle of oestradiol-treated, cold-acclimated rats would be in line with this proposal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374793
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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