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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 39 (1988), S. 41-52 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Glucose and insulin infusion ; Myocardialextraction ; Radioiodinated methyl-substituted fatty acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the one-way. AV extraction of 14-iodophenyl-tetradecanoic acid (BMTDA) in the canine heart under fasting conditions and during infusion of glucose plus insulin in eight anesthetized greyhound dogs. Myocardial extraction measurements were made with dual tracer approach, using Tc-99m albumin as reference tracer. Prior to, and during, infusion of 10% glucose and 25 units of regular insulin, heart rate, blood pressure, plasma glucose, insulin and free fatty acid levels were measured. Myocardial blood flow was determined using Sn-113 and Ru-103 radioactive microspheres. The mean extraction fraction of BMTDA was 0.38±SEM 0.06 at baseline and increased to 0.44±0.06 during hyperglycemia plus insulin (P〈0.025). Plasma glucose and insulin were higher during the infusion (P〈0.01) while plasma free fatty acids significantly declined (P〈0.01). There were no changes in hemodynamics or myocardial blood flow during the infusion. We conclude that glucose and insulin infusion result in increased firstpass extraction fraction of radioiodinated BMTDA unaccompanied by changes in coronary flow or hemodynamics, implying an insulin-mediated augmented transport of BMTDA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: exercise ; left ventricular function ; greyhounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Trained racing greyhounds are known to have cardiomegaly, higher mean arterial pressure and cardiac indices and lower systemic arterial resistances at rest than mongrel dogs. In order to distinguish between those hemodynamic and left ventricular functional characteristics that are inborn in the greyhound as opposed to those which are acquired through training, we studied 9 adult (mean age 22.9±4.2 [S.D.] months) trained racing greyhounds within 8 days of the cessation of training and 9 adult greyhounds raised under sedentary conditions (mean age 21.7±1.4 months). Seven healthy adult mongrel dogs served as additional controls. Right and left heart catheterizations of chloraloseanesthetized animals included hemodynamic and left ventricular functional measurements before and after volume loading with 500 ml 6% dextran in normal saline. Heart weight/body weight ratios were the same in both trained and untrained greyhounds, favoring the concept that the cardiomegaly of greyhounds is genetic and not acquired. Trained greyhounds had significantly decreased systemic vascular resistance, increased cardiac index and stroke volume, and a tendency (non significant) toward elevated systemic arterial pressure in comparison to mongrels. Life-long untrained adult greyhounds had hemodynamic measurements that didnot differ from mongrels; they also had significantly higher systemic vascular resistances and lower cardiac indices than trained greyhounds. Some hemodynamic characteristics of the trained adult greyhound dog are not present in completely untrained greyhounds and are the result of either training alone or training superimposed on genetic predisposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Hypertrophie ; Windhunde ; Funktion des linken Ventrikels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bisher hat man dem trainierten Windhund als Versuchstier wenig Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt, trotz des vielen Interesses für den Einfluß, welchen das Trainieren auf das Myokard ausübt, und trotz des Mangels an Tiermodellen, welche die zur Herzhypertrophie führenden Umstände imitieren. Vorliegende Untersuchung vergleicht zwei Gruppen betäubter trainierter Windhunde (insgesamt 20 Tiere, von denen 12 mehrmals untersucht wurden, 8 aber zwecks pathologischer Untersuchung geopfert wurden) mit 3 abtrainierten Windhunden und 6 ungefähr gleichgroßen Mischhunden. Die arteriellen Blutdrücke, Rechts- und Linksherzdrücke, mechanische Funktion und Indizes der diastolischen Aktivität wurden verglichen. Alle gemessenen Indizes der Kontraktilität (dP/dt, dP/dtDP40, Vce und Vmax) waren bei den trainierten Windhungen niedriger als bei den Mischhunden, obwohl kein Index für sich von statistischer Bedeutung war. Bei diastolischer Funktion wurden zwischen den trainierten Windhunden und den Mischhunden kein Unterschied von Bedeutung gefunden. Wegen der kleinen Anzahl von Versuchstieren und wegen des Gebrauchs von einem Betäubungsmittel ist bei der Interpretation der Resultate Vorsicht geboten. Nichtsdestoweniger ist es möglich, daß die unerwartet niedrige Kontraktilität, die man in den trainierten Windhunden vorgefunden hat, einen gesteigerten parasympathischen Einfluß in der Nachtrainingsperiode darstellt. Die normale diastolische Funktion des linken Ventrikels im trainierten Windhund steht im Gegensatz zur anormalen diastolischen Funktion von Modellen chronischen Überdrucks.
    Notes: Summary Despite much interest in the effects of exercise on the myocardium, and the need to develop animal models which mimic conditions leading to cardiac hypertrophy, little attention has been focused on the trained racing greyhound. The current study compared two groups of anesthetized trained racing greyhounds (a total of 20 animals, 12 of whom were maintained for serial studies and 8 of whom were sacrificed for anatomic correlations) with 3 detrained greyhounds and 6 comparably sized mongrels. Systemic blood pressures, right and left heart pressures, ventricular mechanics and indices of diastolic behavior were compared. All measured indices of contractility (dp/dt, dp/dtDP40, Vce and Vmax) were lower in trained racing greyhounds than in mongrels although none achieved statistical significance. No significant difference in diastolic behavior was found between trained greyhounds and mongrels. While caution should be applied because of the small numbers of animals and the use of anesthesia, the lower than expected contractility found in trained racing greyhounds may reflect increased parasympathetic tone in the immediate post-training period. The normal diastolic behavior of the trained greyhound left ventricle contrasts to abnormal diastolic behavior found in models of chronic pressure overload.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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