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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations with the selective PKC inhibitor chelerythrine on human basophils (1994)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 41 (1994), S. C56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Modulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in basophils (B) can influence IgE-mediated histamine release (HR). The present study investigated the effects of chelerythrine, which inhibits isolated PKC (IC50 0.7 μM), on different activation pathways in B. FcεRI-mediated HR was strongly inhibited by chelerythrine (86.5±5.4%, 5 μM,n=11). TPA-induced mediator release was also suppressed: 77.1±8.5% inhibition (7.5 μM). HR due to non-immunological stimuli (A23187, FMLP) was strongly inhibited by chelerythrine. Previously, other selective PKC-inhibitors have been shown to potentiate IgE-mediated HR from B suggesting a negative modulatory role of PKC, whereas non-specific inhibitors such as staurosporine inhibited HR. Chelerythrine might therefore be less selective for PKC. This may be indicated by the fact that chelerythrine inhibits PKC at its catalytic domain, which is homologous with other protein kinases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02007765
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A three-step procedure for the purification of human basophils from buffy coat blood (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Basophil — Purification — Elutriation — Immunomagnetic bead — Histamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: We report a method for basophil purification from buffy coats, which avoids positive selection of the cells and gives rise to good purity, yield and functional integrity of the cells.¶Subjects: Buffy coat blood (concentrated leukocyte fraction derived from 450 ml venipuncture donations) obtained from healthy blood donors (n = 51).¶Methods: Basophils were enriched by a three-step process starting with Ficoll density centrifugation (1.6 ± 0.1% basophil purity) followed by counter current centrifugal elutriation (17.7 ± 1.4% basophil purity). The final stage involved negative selection using Dynal immunomagnetic beads directed against CD2, CD14, CD16 and CD19 positive cell contaminants. Functional integrity of which was assessed by comparing the anti-IgE or calcium ionophore A23187 induced histamine release from basophils obtained from each enrichment step. Furthermore, basophil morphology was investigated using light and electron microscopy.¶Results: The final mean basophil purity of 67.3 ± 1.4% with a yield of 3.5 ± 0.5 × 106 basophils and a recovery of 21.8 ± 2.4% was achieved. Net histamine release from basophils stimulated with optimal concentrations of anti-human IgE was 39.1 ± 6.5% after Ficoll centrifugation, 41.6 ± 7.7% following elutriation and 35.7 ± 6.8% from the final purified fraction. Additionally, basophils enriched with our method showed intact morphology by electron microscopy and were functionally active to non-immunological stimulation.¶Conclusions: These results compare favourably with previous studies, which have often required the use of positive selection via the Fc〈epsilon〉RI receptor, which may result in cell degranulation, or cell sorting, which cannot be applied to large cell numbers. Our method provides a reproducible technique for basophil enrichment when large numbers of functionally intact basophils are required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050537
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro investigations with the histamine H1 receptor antagonist, epinastine (WAL 801 CL), on isolated human allergic effector cells (2000)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 49 (2000), S. 112-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Mast cells — Basophils — Eosinophils — Epinastine — In vitro
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: Skin mast cells, basophils and eosinophils are effector cells of acute and subacute allergic responses due to their capacity to produce a large number of (pro)inflammatory mediators. Histamine H1 receptor antagonists, such as epinastine (WAL 801 CL), have been described to partially exert antiallergic and anti-inflammatory effects both in vivo and in vitro in addition to their antihistaminergic properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether epinastine could influence the in vitro activation of isolated human skin mast cells, basophils and eosinophils induced by different secretagogues.¶Methods: Cells were isolated from healthy women following plastic surgery and healthy blood donors, respectively. Mast cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion of the skin. Blood cells were isolated by gradient centrifugation and negative selection with magnetic beads.¶Results: A wide range of concentrations of the drug (1 nmol/l to 100 mmol/l) did not significantly inhibit histamine release from basophils induced by immunologic (anti-IgE, concanavalin A, priming factors interleukin-3 and interleukin-5) and non immunologic (A23187, ionomycin, 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, C5a, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) stimuli. Furthermore, the drug had no effect on A23187-induced release of eosinophil cationic protein from eosinophils. However, at a concentration 〉0.1nmol/l, IgE-mediated LTC4 production from basophils was significantly suppressed. Histamine release from skin mast cells due to anti-IgE or A23187 was inhibited by epinastine in a dose-dependent fashion, whereas substance P-induced activation as well as stem cell factor priming were not. Epinastine did not inhibit isolated protein kinase C from rat brain.¶Conclusion: The results confirm previous in vivo and in vitro observations obtained from animal models that epinastine exerts antiallergic and antiinflammatory effects. Whether the observed effects are due to non specific membrane interactions or by influencing intracellular signal transduction elements has to be further elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050567
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous histamine release from mast cells and basophils is controlled by the cellular environment (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 25-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050034
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control function of protein kinase C isozymes on leukotriene generation from human basophils? (1994)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 41 (1994), S. C9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Arachidonic acid metabolites generated from activated basophils and/or mast cells mediate different types of cutaneous inflammatory reactions. To clarify the mechanisms of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) production from human basophils, cells were purified from the peripheral blood by negative selection with immunobeads. The protein kinase C (PKC) activators 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and phorbol-12,13-didecanoate did not induce a significant LTC4 generation from human basophilsin vitro, indicating that phorbol-ester-sensitive PKC isozymes are not involved in the mechanisms of arachidonic acid metabolism in these cells. However, selective PKC inhibitors (Ro 31-7549, ilmofosine, GF109203X, and calphostin C) potentiated the IgE-mediated LTC4 production in a dose-dependent fashion. We therefore suggest that PKC isozymes which are influenced by these inhibitors modulate the degree of LTC4 release after stimulation with anti-IgE antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02007744
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between basophil chemotaxis and histamine releasability to immunological stimulation (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 11-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pilot study on histamine release from basophils of atopic individuals with low specific IgE serum levels against casein (1999)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 48 (1999), S. 43-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050393
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enteral histaminosis: Clinical implications (1999)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 48 (1999), S. 291-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Enteral histaminosis — Food intolerance — Histamine — Diagnostic procedure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. There is increasing evidence that enteral histaminosis is a major cause of food intolerance resulting from dysfunctional metabolism of endogenous histamine in certain food stuffs. However, this phenomenon has been poorly characterised and, due to the lack of epidemiological data, the existence of this condition has been underestimated, which may lead to incorrect diagnosis. This short commentary highlights a stricter regimen of diagnostic procedure in order to take into account the many causes of food intolerance. The underlying mechanisms ascribed particularly to non-immunologically food reactions require more rigorous research and further work is vital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050462
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional comparison of different histamine-containing IgE-receptor positive cells (1994)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 41 (1994), S. C28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was performed to investigate the histamine-releasing activity of non-immunological stimuli on cultured mast cell lines in comparison to isolated skin mast cells and basophils as human therapeutic target cells. The ionophore A23187 induced a dose dependent histamine release from all cell populations (enzymatically isolated human skin mast cells, human peripheral basophils and rat basophilic leukemia cells, RBL-1 and RBL-2H3). The lectin concanavalin A and the tripeptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine activated only basophils, while the neural mediator substance P and compound 48/80 were active only in experiments with skin mast cells. Activators of protein kinase C (different phorbol esters and the non-phorbol mezerein) induced direct histamine release only from basophils. The data provide further evidence for heterogencity of mast cells and indicate different signal transduction mechanisms following non-immunological activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02007752
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct effects of second-generation H1-receptor antagonists on the activation of human basophils (1994)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 41 (1994), S. C45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was performed to investigate the putative suppressive effects of H1-receptor antagonists (HRA) of the second generation (astemizole (AS), cetirizine (CT), loratadine (LO), oxatomide (OX) and terfenadine (TF)) on the mediator release from human basophils activated by two classical stimuli. Anti-IgE-mediated histamine release was inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by TF (maximum inhibitory value: 33.8±7.6%, 100 μM,n=7), whereas the other HRA exhibited weaker activity. The anti-IgE-induced LTC4 production was strongly suppressed by TF, LO and OX (92.4±6.3%, 90.8±6.0% and 88.5±5.6%, 100 μM,n=4−5), while As was less active (56.4±4.1%, 100 μM,n=5). Histamine release induced by incubation with grass pollen antigen (0.01%) was inhibited by TF (40.7±4.1%, 50 μM,n=4), but the other HRA showed only low activity. The present findings suggest that some HRA might exhibit direct inhibitory effects on activation of IgE-receptor bearing cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02007760
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