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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histomorphometric analysis of aplastic bone disease in chronic renal failure at initiation of haemodialysis: Relation to aluminum and parathormone (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 4 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY: We studied bone histology of 134 uraemic patients without a history of vitamin D administration at the start of haemodialysis. Patients were categorized according to bone histology as follows: aplastic bone disease (ABD), ostitis fibrosa, mixed type, mild hyperparathyroidism and osteomalacia. On initiation of haemodialysis, ABD was observed in 48.5% of patients. the average age of the ABD group (50.8 ± 12.5 years) was significantly higher than that of patients with other histologies (P〈0.01). Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations were lower (P〈0.01) in the ABD group, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus and ABD had lower serum concentrations of PTH and ALP than non-diabetic patients, suggesting that depressed PTH may be related to ABD. Eleven (55%) of the 20 patients who were receiving A1(OH)3 also had ABD. A direct relationship was observed between serum aluminum concentration and aluminum-positive bone surface (r=0.60; P〈0.01). Aluminum staining was more frequently observed in the ABD group than in the non-ABD group (P〈0.01). Because serum intact-PTH concentrations correlate with osteoid surface area, fibrosis volume and bone formation rate, it may be a useful marker of bone histology in renal osteodystrophy. These results suggest that, in addition to conservative treatment with A1(OH)3, other factors may be involved in the formation of ABD which is often present at the start of haemodialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1797.1998.d01-21.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histocytochemical study of Spot 35-calbindin-D28K and Ca2+-ATPase in rat kidney (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 1 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: We determined the distribution of Spot 35-calbindin-D28K, a vitamin-D dependent calciumbinding protein, in rat kidney using histochemical methods and compared it with the distribution of Ca2+-ATPase activity. Spot 35-calbindin-D28K immunoreactivity was localized in the cytosol of urinary epithelial cells in distal convoluted tubules (DCT), connecting tubules (CNT) and cortical collecting ducts (CCD), identifying the physiologically confirmed site of active transcellular calcium transport. In the cytosol, the immunoreactivity was clustered near the luminal plasma membrane and around the mitochondria. These findings indicated that Spot 35-calbindin-D28K seemed to have a cytosolic calcium buffering effect in the urinary tubular epithelial cells. Enzyme histochemical analysis showed that Ca2+-ATPase activity was localized at the basolateral plasma membrane of distal nephron segments and was strongest at the cortical thick ascending limb of Henle (CTAL), including the macula densa portion. Ca2+-ATPase activity was not evident in DCT, CNT or CCD. Strong Ca2+-ATPase activity and Spot 35-calbindin-D28K immunoreactivity did not coexist in a urinary tubular cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.1995.tb00012.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinicopathological study of adult Japanese IgA nephropathy patients: Early stage cases and cases with exacerbation (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 3 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: Most cases of adult type IgA nephropathy (IgAN) have an insidious onset and asymptomatic course. However, some patients reveal recurrent macroscopic haematuria following episodes of respiratory or urinary tract infections. In order to clarify the correlation between clinical features and histological alterations or prognosis, 42 cases of early stage IgAN and 40 cases with acute exacerbation episodes were investigated and compared with a control group. Early stage cases were defined as having had a renal biopsy within 1 year after the first detection of urinary abnormalities, and had normal urinary findings within the 12 months before the first detection of urinary abnormalities. Acute exacerbation cases were defined as macroscopic haematuria or worsening of urinary abnormalities after acute infectious episodes and undergoing a renal biopsy within 120 days after the onset of these episodes. the early stage cases had better renal function and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure than that of control group. They also showed milder changes in mesangial cell proliferation, mesangial matrix increase, totally sclerotic glomeruli, and tubulo-interstitial changes. However, it is important to note that glomerular and interstitial sclerotic changes were observed even in early stage cases. Endothelial detachment was noticed more frequently in the early stage cases. Acute exacerbation cases revealed lesions of endocapillary proliferation, mesangiolysis and endothelial detachment more frequently, although these changes were segmental in each glomerulus. There was no statistical difference in disease prognosis between cases with and without acute exacerbation. These data indicated that there are characteristic histological changes in early stage cases and acute exacerbation cases of IgAN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.1997.tb00288.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal haemodynamic characteristics and their correlation with renal pathology in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Nephrology 6 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To clarify the characteristics of renal haemodynamics and their correlation with renal pathology in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), renal function and renal biopsy findings from 101 SLE patients were analysed retrospectively. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were examined simultaneously. Filtration fraction (FF) was calculated from the values obtained for GFR and RPF (GFR/RPF). The GFR was low in one-third and within normal limits in two-thirds of class IV patients with lupus nephritis (LN). In contrast, high RPF was observed in half of class IV patients. As a result, over 70% of class IV patients possessed a very low FF (less than 15%). The sensitivity of very low FF for class IV LN was significantly higher than that of low GFR. In conclusion, low FF was frequently recognized, especially in patients with diffuse proliferative LN. Decreased FF was a highly sensitive indicator of diffuse proliferative LN. Thus, determination of renal haemodynamics, including FF, may be a useful clinical parameter for evaluating renal involvement in patients with SLE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1797.2001.00034.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    24R, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ameliorates the high-turnover bone diseases without suppressing parathyroid function in chronic renal failure in rats (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 2 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: To evaluate the effect of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25D) on uraemic bone disease, we treated the model rats of mild renal failure either with 0.5 μg/kg bodyweight (BW) of 24,25D, or with 5 μg/kg BW of 24,25D, or with 0.01 μg/kg BW of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D), or with 0.01 μg/kg BW of 1,25D and 0.5 μg/kg BW of 24,25D, or with vehicle alone, given orally for 16 weeks. the examination of bone histology revealed extreme acceleration of bone turnover and decreased trabecular bone volume with elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level in vehicle-treated uraemic rats compared with those of sham-operated rats. Treatment with 24,25D (5 μg/kg BW) not only ameliorated high-turnover bone disease as with 1,25D, but also prevented the reduction of trabecular bone volume without any changes of serum PTH levels, suggesting the possible direct effect of 24,25D on the bone. Our data suggest 24,25D may be another useful agent for the treatment of high-turnover bone disease caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure, with less suppression of parathyroid function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.1996.tb00114.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    No linkage to the COL4A3 gene locus in Japanese thin basement membrane disease families (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 1 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: Patients with thin basement membrane disease (TBMD) exhibit persistent haematuria with a diffuse thinning of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), especially of the lamina densa. It appears to be an autosomal dominant trait. It has been reported that the Goodpasture epitope, which is located in the non-collagenous domain of type IV collagen α 3 chain, may be reduced in patients with TBMD. We speculated that the candidate gene for TBMD could be the type IV collagen α 3 chain gene (COL4A3), which is present closely to type IV collagen α 4 chain gene (COL4A4) on chromosome 2q35–37. We conducted a linkage analysis to investigate the relationship between familial TBMD and COL4A3 gene, using COL4A3 cDNA polymorphism and a (CA)n microsatellite marker located in the COL4A3 gene. We examined 32 individuals from four Japanese families with TBMD. There were no associations between the patients with haematuria and certain alleles of the two markers in the pedigrees of three families. It has been reported that type IV collagen α 1 chain gene (COL4A1) and α 2 chain gene (COL4A2) are not involved in TBMD, and that α 5 chain gene (COL4A5) and a 6 chain gene (COL4A6) map to chromosome X. In conclusion, our findings suggested that familial TBMD is not caused by the genetic abnormalities of type IV collagen genes isolated thus far.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.1995.tb00046.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural characteristics of diabetic nephropathy (2000)
    Springer
    Medical electron microscopy 33 (2000), S. 65-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Nodular lesion ; Diffuse lesion ; Exudative lesion ; Microangiopathy ; Interstitial lesion ; Diabetic nephropathy ; Ultrastructural pathology ; AGEs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of chronic renal failure in Japan, and the prevalence rate has markedly increased during the past decade. Diabetic nephropathy shows various specific histological changes not only in glomeruli but also in the interstitial region. Nodular, diffuse, and exudative lesions, so-called diabetic glomerulosclerosis, are well known as glomerular lesions. At first, they were historically evaluated only by light microscopy, and thus which components of the glomeruli were modified was not sufficiently clear. Subsequent electron microscopic studies clarified that the expansion of the mesangial matrix was the true form of nodular and diffuse lesions, and that insudated serum substance was the real appearance of an exudative lesion. Interstitial lesions also exhibit specific features in diabetic nephropathy. In electron microscopic studies, it was proved that the size of mitochondria and thickness of the tubular basement membrane were increased in diabetic nephropathy. In this review, we introduce typical electron microscopic findings in diabetic nephropathy and recent opinions on the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007950070004
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute renal failure secondary to rupture of the abdominal aortic aneurysm into the inferior vena cava: Report of two successfully treated cases (1997)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental nephrology 1 (1997), S. 237-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7799
    Keywords: abdominal aortic aneurysm ; aortocaval fistula ; acute renal failure ; hepatic injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aortocaval fistula is an unusual complication of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. We describe 2 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms who presented with acute renal failure and hepatic injury secondary to spontaneous aortocaval fistulas. The fistulas were shown by computed tomography, right heart catheterization, and abdominal aortography, and were confirmed at surgery. Increases in the fractional excretion of filtered sodium, the urine sodium concentration divided by the urine-to-plasma creatinine ratio (the renal failure index), and the urine sodium concentration were observed. The patients recovered renal and hepatic function after closure of the fistulas. Increased venous pressure resulting from aortocaval shunt might cause the alteration of renal and hepatic function. Therefore, it is important to accurately diagnose the aortocaval fistula and to close it urgently by surgical methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02480702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in the extracellular matrix components in human glomerular diseases (1989)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 415 (1989), S. 151-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Fibronectin ; Laminin ; Type III, IV, V and VI collagens ; HSPG ; Indirect immunofluorescence method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We investigated the distribution of extracellular matrix components such as fibronectin, laminin, type III, IV, V, and VI collagens and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) in normal and diseased glomeruli using the indirect immunofluorescence method. This study included 96 renal biopsies: 7 controls, 3 minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), 47 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN), 25 membranous nephropathy (MN) and 14 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) including 3 lupus nephritis. Fibronectin was detected predominantly in the mesangium and less prominently in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) of normal glomeruli. Laminin and type IV collagen were present in the mesangium and GBM, type III collagen in the interstitium, and type V collagen in the mesangium, interstitium and a part of GBM. Type VI collagen was observed in the mesangium, interstitium and slightly in GBM. Anti-HSPG antibody reacted with the mesangium and GBM. MCNS showed a distribution of these antigens similar to that in normal controls. The finding that staining for HSPG was not decreased in the GBM and mesangium indicated that there was no change in the core protein of HSPG. Fibronectin, laminin, type IV collagen and HSPG were increased in the thickened GBM of MN and in the expanded mesangium of PGN. In MPGN, these matrix components were increased in the mesangium and GBM with remarkable increase of type V and VI collagens. While type III collagen was not found in normal glomeruli, it became detectable in the mesangium and a part of GBM in MPGN. No significant decrease in the intensity of fluorescence for HSPG was observed in the glomeruli from nephrotic patients. These findings suggest that proteinuria might be caused by the structural alteration in the glycosaminoglycan portion of HSPG, changes in any anionic material other than HSPG, or both, and also indicate that the glomerular mesangial sclerosis is closely related to the increase of type V and VI collagens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00784353
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional characterization of a heteromeric NMDA receptor channel expressed from cloned cDNAs (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 357 (1992), S. 70-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Several cDNAs encoding a putative GluR channel subunit have been isolated by series of screening of mouse forebrain cDNA libraries using mouse GluR al (GluRl) and "2(GluR2) subunit cDNAs and newly isolated putative GluR channel subunit cDNA as probes9"12. Figure 1 shows the deduced amino-acid ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/357070a0
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