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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypoglossusparese nach Septumkorrektur in Intubationsnarkose (1997)
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 46 (1997), S. 34-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hypoglossusparese ; Intubationsnarkose ; Septumkorrektur ; Key words Hypoglossal nerve palsy ; Intubation anaesthesia ; Nasal septum surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background: We report a case of irreversible unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy in connection with nasal septum surgery in intubation anaesthesia. On account of the spatial distance, there is no danger of injuring the hypoglossal nerve during nasal surgery. However, in the otorhinolaryngological and anaesthesiological literature, some cases of hypoglossal palsy following endotracheal intubation, use of the laryngeal mask airway, bronchoscopy and laryngoscopy are reported. Case report: One day after uneventful nasal septoplasty in intubation anaesthesia in a 45-year-old male patient, an unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy and a hematoma in the area of the ipsilateral lingual tonsil were observed. A detailed diagnostic work-up failed to provide additional insights into the cause of the nerve injury. Despite pharmacological treatment, the palsy was irreversible and the patient sued for recovery of damages. Discussion and conclusions: According to the available publications, it must be assumed that in the process of intubation pressure from the MacIntosh blade was the cause of the hypoglossal palsy. This complication is extremely rare, so that routine preoperative briefing of the patient does not appear necessary.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Nach einer operativen Korrektur der Nasenscheidewand in Intubationsnarkose trat bei einem Patienten eine irreversible einseitige periphere Hypoglossusparese auf. Eine direkte Schädigung des N. hypoglossus im Rahmen einer Septumkorrektur ist aber aus anatomischen Gründen unmöglich. In der Literatur werden dagegen einzelne Fälle beschrieben, bei denen es nach Intubation und Endoskopien zu meist reversiblen Hypoglossusparesen kam. Kasuistik: Bei dem 45jährigen Patienten wurden nach unproblematischer Septumplastik in Intubationsnarkose eine einseitige Hypoglossusparese und ein Hämatom am Zungengrund beobachtet. Eine weiterführende Diagnostik ergab keine zusätzlichen Aspekte zur Genese der Nervenläsion. Die Parese blieb auch nach medikamentöser Behandlung irreversibel, so daß der Patient Regreßansprüche stellte. Diskussion und Schlußfolgerungen: Nach Durchsicht der wenigen bisherigen Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Thema muß als Ursache der Hypoglossusparese der Druck des MacIntosh-Spatels auf den seitlichen Zungengrund zum Zeitpunkt der Intubation angesehen werden. Diese Komplikation ist so extrem selten und atypisch, daß eine Aufklärungspflicht nicht abzuleiten ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010050368
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combining partial liquid ventilation with nitric oxide to improve gas exchange in acute lung injury (1997)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 23 (1997), S. 163-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Perflubron ; Partial liquid ventilation ; Nitric oxide ; ARDS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To assess the effects of increasing concentrations of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) during incremental dosages of partial liquid ventilation (PLV) on gas exchange, hemodynamics, and oxygen transport in pigs with induced acute lung injury (ALI). Design: Prospective experimental study. Setting: Experimental intensive care unit of a university. Subjects: 6 pigs with induced ALI. Interventions: Animals were surfactant-depleted by lung lavage to a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) 〈 100 mmHg. They then received four incremental doses of 5 ml/kg perflubron (LiquiVent). Between each dose the animals received 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 0 parts per million (ppm) NO. Measurements and main results: Blood gases, hemodynamic parameters, and oxygen delivery were measured after each dose of perflubron as well as after each NO concentration. Perflubron resulted in a dose-dependent increase in PaO2. At each perflubron dose, additional NO inhalation resulted in a further significant (ANOVA, p 〈 0.05) increase in PaO2, with a maximum effect at 30 ± 10 ppm NO. The 5 ml/kg perflubron dose led to a significant decrease in mean pulmonary artery pressure, which decreased further with higher NO concentrations. Conclusions: PLV can be combined with NO administration and results in a cumulative effect on arterial oxygenation and to a decrease in pulmonary artery pressure, without having any deleterious effect on measured systemic hemodynamic parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050311
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-chip fused hybrids for acousto-electric and acousto-optic applications (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 2097-2099 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The combination of the electronic and optical properties of a semiconductor hetero-junction and the acoustic properties of a piezoelectric substrate material yields a new class of very promising hybrids for potential acousto-electric and acousto-optic applications. LiNbO3/GaAs hybrids have been fabricated using the epitaxial lift-off technique resulting in unusually large acousto-electric and acousto-optic interaction between the quasi two-dimensional electron system in the semiconductor and surface acoustic waves on the piezoelectric substrate. Field effect tunability of the interaction at room temperature is demonstrated and possible device applications are discussed. Photoluminescence measurements show the influence of the acousto-electric fields on the optical properties of quantum well structures. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118960
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carrier-Mediated Release, Transport Rates, and Charge Transfer Induced by Amphetamine, Tyramine, and Dopamine in Mammalian Cells Transfected with the Human Dopamine Transporter (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 71 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Amphetamine and related substances induce dopamine release. According to a traditional explanation, this dopamine release occurs in exchange for amphetamine by means of the dopamine transporter (DAT). We tested this hypothesis in human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably transfected with the human DAT by measuring the uptake of dopamine, tyramine, and d- and l-amphetamine as well as substrate-induced release of preloaded N-methyl-4-[3H]phenylpyridinium ([3H]MPP+). The uptake of substrates was sodium-dependent and was inhibited by ouabain and cocaine, which also prevented substrate-induced release of MPP+. Patch-clamp recordings revealed that all four substrates elicited voltage-dependent inward currents (on top of constitutive leak currents) that were prevented by cocaine. Whereas individual substrates had similar affinities in release, uptake, and patch-clamp experiments, maximal effects displayed remarkable differences. Hence, maximal effects in release and current induction were ∼25% higher for d-amphetamine as compared with the other substrates. By contrast, dopamine was the most efficacious substrate in uptake experiments, with its maximal initial uptake rate exceeding those of amphetamine and tyramine by factors of 20 and 4, respectively. Our experiments indicate a poor correlation between substrate-induced release and the transport of substrates, whereas the ability of substrates to induce currents correlates well with their releasing action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71031289.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 5 S rRNA-like secondary structure in the 7 SL RNA may define a ribosomal binding site of the signal recognition particle
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 212 (1987), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: 5 S rRNA ; 7 SL RNA ; Ribosome binding ; Secondary structure ; Signal recognition particle
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(87)81548-X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similarities between a predicted secondary structure for the M1 RNA ribozyme and the tRNA binding center of 16 S rRNA from E. coli
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 220 (1987), S. 283-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: 16 S rRNA ; M1 RNA ; Ribozyme ; Secondary structure ; Substrate recognition ; tRNA binding
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(87)80830-X
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Konzept der offenen Lunge (1999)
    Springer
    Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 36 (1999), S. S031 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Keywords: Key words Mechanical ventilation – lung – surfactant – lung injury – alveolus – recruitment – oxygenation ; SchlüsselwörterKünstliche Beatmung – Lunge – Surfactant – Lungenschaden – Alveolen – Rekrutierung – Oxygenierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Jede Lunge – auch die gesunde – kollabiert! Das zentrale Anliegen des “open lung concepts” ist daher die Wiedereröffnung verschlossener atelektatischer Alveolen [3,4,9]. Sie sollen durch diese Beatmungstherapie für den Gasaustausch rekrutiert werden. Im vorliegenden Artikel sollen die Grundlagen der alveolären Physiologie und die sich daraus ergebenden therapeutischen Ansätze erklärt werden. Weiterhin wird das klinisch-praktische Vorgehen bei der Lungenöffnung erörtert.
    Notes: Summary Each lung – even a healthy one – tends to collapse. The goal of “The Open Lung Concept” is to reaerate collapsed alveoli and to keep them open. Thus, mechanical ventilation has to aim at recruiting alveoli for gas exchange. This article explains the basics of alveolar physiology and the therapeutic approaches derived from it. In addition, the practical conduct of the alveolar recruitment maneuver is explained for the clinician.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014605
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of calcium currents via α2-adrenoceptors in embryonic chick sympathetic neurons (1991)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 344 (1991), S. 382-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Chick sympathetic neurons ; Ca2+ currents ; α2-adrenoceptors ; Patch clamp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to gain insight into the mechanism of the autoinhibition of noradrenaline release, the present study explores the effects of substances acting at various adrenoceptor-subtypes on voltage-activated Ca 2+ currents. Experiments were carried out on cultured embryonic chick sympathetic neurons using the patch clamp technique. Ca2+ currents associated with a (fully activating) depolarizing 150 ms voltage step to 0 mV were reduced by noradrenaline and the two a2-adrenoceptor agonists UK 14,304 and clonidine, predominantly during the early phase of activation. We quantified these effects by measuring Ca2+ current amplitudes in the absence and presence of substances 10 ms after the beginning of the depolarization. Noradrenaline effects were maximal at 5 µmol/l, causing a 28% depression of the current. Half-maximal effects (IC50) were apparent at 0.7 µmol/l. UK 14,304 was equipotent to noradrenaline (IC50: 0.5 µmol/l; maximal effect: 26% depression). Clonidine, while active in the same range of concentration (IC50: 0.6 µmol/l), had a smaller maximal effect (20% depression). Methoxamine and isoprenaline, on the other hand, did not significantly reduce the Ca 2+ current at 10 µmol/l. The noradrenaline-induced inhibition was attenuated by yohimbine (1 µmol/I). Neither prazosin (1 µmol/l) nor propranolol (1 µmol/l) interfered with the effect of noradrenaline. These results indicate a reduction of Ca 2+ influx via α2-adrenoceptors and suggest that the autoreceptor-mediated inhibition of transmitter release in embryonic chick sympathetic neurons operates through the modulation of Ca2+ channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00183015
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pertussis toxin abolishes the inhibition of Ca2+ currents and of noradrenaline release via α2-adrenoceptors in chick sympathetic neurons (1992)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 345 (1992), S. 606-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Chick sympathetic neurons ; α2-Adrenoceptors ; Pertussis toxin ; Ca2+ currents ; H-noradrenaline release
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Effects of α2-adrenoceptor agonists on whole-cell Ca2+ currents and 3H-noradrenaline release were investigated by applying the patch-clamp technique and electrical field stimulation to cultured embryonic chick sympathetic neurons. A 24-h exposure of the sympathetic neurons to pertussis toxin (100 ng/ml) abolished both the α2-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of Ca 2+ currents and the modulation of noradrenaline release caused by noradrenaline (1 μmol/l; in the presence of 10 μmol/l cocaine) or the α2-adrenoceptor agonists 5-bromo-6-(2imidazolin-2-ylamino)quinoxaline (UK 14,304, 10 μmol/ l) and clonidine (10 μmol/l). These results suggest that the α2-autoreceptor-mediated inhibition of noradrenaline release from chick sympathetic neurons operates through the modulation of Ca2+ channels via pertussistoxin-sensitive GTP-binding-proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00168956
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrically evoked noradrenaline release from cultured chick sympathetic neurons: modulation via presynaptic α2-adrenoceptors and lack of autoinhibition (1991)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 344 (1991), S. 130-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Chick sympathetic neurons ; Electrical field stimulation ; Noradrenaline release ; Presynaptic α2-adrenoceptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sympathetic neurons from twelve day old chick embryos were plated on polystyrol discs and kept in culture for five days. After incubation with 3H-noradrenaline the discs were transferred to small chambers and superfused. Electrical field stimulation (36 pulses at 3 Hz) increased the outflow of tritium. The evoked overflow of tritium was abolished in the absence of extracellular calcium and was diminished by about 90% in the presence of tetrodotoxin (1 μmol/l). The α2-adrenoceptor agonist 5-bromo-6-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)quinoxaline (UK-14,304) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in overflow, whereas the α1-adrenoceptor agonist methoxamine was ineffective at up to 1 μmol/l. The concentration-response curve of UK-14,304 was shifted to the right by the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (0.03 μmol/l). Yohimbine on its own caused no significant change. The noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor cocaine (10 μmol/l) caused a small (20%) increase in evoked overflow. The results indicate that cultured chick sympathetic neurons possess release-modulating α2-adrenoceptors and that the electrically induced overflow of transmitter occurs under conditions virtually free of autoinhibition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00167393
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