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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological changes in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis of male rats after twelve months of streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 21 (1981), S. 476-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Streptozotocin diabetes ; hypothalamus ; pituitary ; testes ; morphology ; immunohistochemistry ; LH ; LHRH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypothalami, pituitaries and testes from streptozotocin-treated and control male Wistar rats were examined by light and electron microscopy 12 months after induction of diabetes. Light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical techniques were employed for the localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and luteinizing hormone in the hypothalami and the pituitaries. In the hypothalami of diabetic animals swollen neuronal processes containing anti-luteinizing hormone-releasing-hormone positive material were frequent. In the pituitaries of the same animals a large number of small luteinizing hormone-gonadotrophs was found. These cells contained numerous secretory granules and were deficient in endoplasmic reticulum. The average testicular weight of the diabetic rats was significantly reduced but with marked individual variations. Histologically, the testes with the highest weights appeared normal, those with the lowest weights atrophic with few degenerating Leydig cells. These hypothalamic-hypophyseal changes are probably responsible for the testicular lesions found in experimental diabetes mellitus and may have relevance to the problem of infertility in human diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257789
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paraplegia due to actinomyces viscosus infection in a cat (1977)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 39 (1977), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Actinomyces viscosus ; Epidural space ; Spinal cord ; Cat ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a 3 year old female domestic cat a suppurative, granulomatous lesion of the tail and sacral area penetrated into the epidural space, causing paraplegia. A. viscosus was isolated from the inflammatory tissues. A comparative light and electron-microscopic study of the bacterial elements and the architecture of the granules (Drusen) show that the latter are in-vivo microcolonies of the agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691702
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Encephalitis following vaccination against distemper and infectious hepatitis in the dog (1978)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 43 (1978), S. 69-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Canine distemper ; Encephalomyelitis ; Malacia ; Pseudomyxovirus ; Crystalloid aggregates ; Tubuloreticular aggregates ; Picormavirus ; Arenavirus ; Vaccination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 4-months-old, male, healthy dog developed CNS-symptoms 10 days after the second vaccination with live, attenuated distemper and canine hepatitis virus. The animal was euthanized after 2 weeks of illness. Light and electron microscopic examination of the CNS showed a partly necrotizing encephalomyelitis with numerous intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and the presence of probable pseudomyxovirus nucleocapsids and of crystalloid and tubuloreticular aggregates. Although there was conformity of inclusion bodies and probable viral structures as revealed by electron microscopy, the latter showed a much wider distribution. In addition, viral structures of a different type were found in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Several morphological criteria led to the supposition that they are Picornaviruses, or possibly Arenaviruses. It is thought that their role in the disease process was at best an indirect one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685000
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypothalamic lesions in rats with long-term streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 52 (1980), S. 119-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Hypothalmus ; Rat ; Streptozotocin ; Diabetes ; Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixteen male Wistar rats, 1 year after injection of streptozotocin or vehicle, were fixed by whole-body perfusion, the brains were removed and processed for light and electron microscopy. Study of semithin sections from the hypothalamic area revealed changes in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence. The lesions, in comparison with controls, were subjected to a blind semiquantitative evaluation. The following changes were observed by light microscopy in diabetic rats: accumulation of glycogen (P〈0.01), degeneration of neurons (P〈0.05), hypotrophy of tanycytes (P〈0.01), and axonal changes. Electron microscopy of diabetic rats revealed that glycogen was increased in neuronal bodies and processes (axons, synapses), also in tanycytes, and glia cells. In neurons were seen: dilated and fragmented endoplasmic reticulum, degranulated ergastoplasm, loss of organelles, increased number of microtubuli, myelin figures, irregulatities in the form of nuclei, and appearance of chromatin. The tanycytes in diabetic animals were reduced in volume, had an increased nuclear cytoplasmic ratio, a reduced number of organelles, short basal processes, and almost complete loss of the apical processes. These changes demonstrate the existance, under experimental conditions, of an encephalopathy pathogenetically related to streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688009
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuropathy and myopathy in the diaphragm of rats after 12 months of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 55 (1981), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Phrenic nerve ; Diaphragm muscle ; Rat ; Streptozotocin diabetes ; Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary One year after beginning of the experiment six streptozotocin-injected Wistar rats and six controls were anesthetized and fixed by whole-body perfusion. The diaphragms were isolated and processed for light and electron microscopy. Both the intramuscular branches of the phrenic nerve and the muscle fibers were studied morphologically and morphometrically. Moreover, two diabetic and two control rats were killed by decapitation, the diaphragms were deep-frozen and studied histochemically for myofibrillar ATP-ase. A significant reduction of fiber cross section surface, due to reduction of both myelin and axon surfaces, was found in the phrenic nerves of diabetics. Lesions of Schwann and mesenchymal endoneural cells were the main ultrastructural changes. The diaphragm was much thinner in diabetics than in controls. In diabetics the number of lipid droplets found in red muscle fibers was increased and the white muscle fibers were hypotrophic. These findings were confirmed by the morphometric study. Ultrastructurally, various types of lipid droplets, streaming of Z line, organelle degeneration, invagination of nuclear membrane, and increase in number of satellite cells were found in red fibers of diabetic animals. Disorientation of the triads was the most frequent lesion in white fibers of diabetics. These results demonstrate that both neuropathy and myopathy are present in functionally related nerve and muscle from rats after 12 months of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Both the dysmetabolic condition and the nervous lesions may have contributed to the muscular changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691524
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and morphometric study of peripheral nerves from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 53 (1981), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Peripheral nerve ; Rat ; Streptozotocin diabetes ; Morphometry ; Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary One year after beginning of the experiment seven streptozotocin-injected Wistar rats and seven controls were fixed by whole-body perfusion, the nervus radialis was dissected and processed for light and electron microscopy. After light-microscopic study standard photographs of nerve cross sections were measured by means of a semiautomatic image analyzer. The following measurements were obtained: (1) surface of fibers, axons, and myelin sheaths; (2) ratio of myelin to axon surface; and (3) percent of endoneural space. Group means and standard errors were calculated, and cumulated class distributions were made. Ultrathin sections from all animals considered morphometrically were studied qualitatively for ultrastructural changes. The quantitative study revealed in the diabetics reduction of average myelin surface, increase of endoneural space, and reduction of myelin/axon ratio. The main ultrastructural findings were lesions of Schwann and mesenchymal cells, followed by less frequent and less severe changes in axons and endothelium. These results suggest a primary Schwann cell lesion was responsible for the observed myelin reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689989
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in peripheral nerves of rats four months after induction of streptozotocin diabetes (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 54 (1981), S. 129-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Peripheral nerve ; Rat ; Streptozotocin diabetes ; Morphometry ; Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eight streptozotocin-injected Wistar rats and eight controls were fixed by whole-body perfusion 4 months after beginning of the experiment, the nervus radialis was dissected and processed for light and electron microscopy. After light-microscopic study standard photographs of nerve cross sections were measured by means of a semiautomatic image analyzer. The following measurements were obtained: (1) surface of fibres, axons, and myelin sheaths, (2) ratio of myelin to axon surface, and (3) percent of endoneural space. Group means and standard deviations were calculated, and cumulated size class distributions were made. Representative nerve specimens from all animals were also studied by electron microscopy. The quantitative study revealed in the diabetics a severe reduction of the average myelin surface, a mild increase of axonal cross section and of endoneural space, a reduction of myelin/axon ratio and a mild reduction in cross section of the nerve. Ultrastructural lesions of minor degree were found in the cytoplasm of Schwann and mesenchymal cells, no lesion was observed in axons. These findings demonstrate the presence of neuropathy 4 months after induction of diabetes and support the pathogenetic role of the Schwann cell in our experimental model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689405
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Encephalopathy with rosenthal fibre formation in a sheep (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 50 (1980), S. 57-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alexander's diseases (AD) ; Encephalopathy ; Rosenthal fibers (RFs) ; Sheep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the brain of a 4-year-old ewe extensive Rosenthal fiber (RF) formation was found in a subpial and subependymal location and in particular in the cerebellar white matter. Here, the RFs were concentrated around blood vessels, and there was diffuse myelin rarefaction. The animal had given birth to two lambs, which were still healthy at the age of 3 weeks when their mother died after a short illness with astasia and alternating states of somnolence and hyperexcitability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688535
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basement membrane of hypothalamus and cortex capillaries from normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 65 (1985), S. 202-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Microangiopathy ; Hypothalamus ; Cortex ; Streptozotocin diabetes ; SHR-rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Basement membrane (BM) thickness of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus capillaries was measured in normotensive (WKY) and hypertensive (SHR) rats 4 and 8 months after streptozotocin or saline injection. Three groups were studied: controls (C), diabetics (D), and animals with impaired glucose tolerance (L). For comparison, BM thickness of cortical capillaries of an occipital, and a frontal area was measured in three different layers starting from the pial surface. Independently from strain, hypothalamic capillary BM was thicker in older than in younger animals. At both 4 and 8 months, BM thickness was lowest in C, highest in D, and intermediate (between C and D) in L. Hypertension combined with diabetes did not further increase BM thickness. In both C and D no difference was found between the two cortical areas. The BM thickness of C increased from the superficial to the deep layer. In C hypertension induced BM thickening in the superficial frontal and the deep occipital layer. In the intermediate and the deep layer of the frontal area BM was thicker in WKY-D than in WKY-C. In every layer BM was thicker in SHR-D than in corresponding controls. Hypertension combined with diabetes enhanced BM thickening in the intermediate and the deep layer of the frontal and in the intermediate layer of the occipital area. Degenerative changes occurred in hypothalamic and cortical pericytes. These changes were more frequent in hypertensive than in normotensive animals. In conclusion, a microangiopathy characterized by BM thickening and pericytic degeneration occurs in the brain of diabetic animals. Its intensity and enhancement by a concomitant hypertension vary from hypothalamus to cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686999
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of cytoplasmic lamellar bodies in normal and pathologic conditions (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 49 (1980), S. 75-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lamellar bodies ; Rough endoplasmic reticulum ; Purkinje neurons ; Adenohypophysis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lamellar bodies are stacks of parallel cisternae of approximately regular spacing derived from ergastoplasm. Their occurrence was studied in various nervous and epithelial cells of different animal species in both normal and diseased subjects. This organelle appears to be, at least for some cell types, a normal cytoplasmic feature. The number of lamellar bodies increases in some pathologic conditions and when the cell metabolism is elevated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692224
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