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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality effect of wheat-rye (1R) translocation in ‘Pavon 76’ (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A growing interest exists in using wheat for producing both hard and soft wheat products. It would be desirable if 1RS translocations in hard wheat could produce flour suitable for soft wheat products. The objective of this study was to test the effects of centric translocations of chromosome 1 from different rye sources for end-use quality. The quality influences of the 1RS and 1RL translocations and 1R substitutions from different rye sources were studied in a set of hard spring wheat ‘Pavon 76’(CIMMYT) lines in three environments in Georgia. The protein concentration of the 1RL translocations was the highest while the 1RS translocations showed no difference in protein concentration compared with that of controls. The 1RS translocations increased alkaline water retention capacity while the 1RL translocations reduced it. T1DSAE1RL was preferred for soft wheat products over other genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01133.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Gelling Agents on Wheat Anther and Immature Embryo Culture (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 109 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This study was conducted to determine whether inexpensive starches and various agars could replace Ficoll, which is very expensive, and Bacto-agar, which may be inhibitory, in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) anther and immature embryo culture. Anthers from Pavon 76’ had significantly greater embryoid-initiation frequencies (number of embryoids per anther) on PI media with corn (0.67) and wheat starch (1.50) than with Ficoll (0.47). Anthers on 85D12 media with Ficoll, corn starch and wheat starch had similar embryoid-initiation frequencies (0.51, 0.50, and 0.52, respectively). The embryoid-regeneration frequencies (number of regenerating embryoids per embryoid plated) on 85D12 media containing corn (0.32) and wheat (0.36) starch were significantly higher than on 85D12 with Bacto-agar (0.14). Embryoids on MS media with Bacto-agar, corn starch, and wheat starch had similar embryoid-regenerating frequencies (0.15, 0.20, 0.22, respectively), which were greater than with some of the other agars tested (0.05 to 0.17). When wheat starch replaced Bacto-agar in immature embryo cultures, the frequency of responding embryos was unchanged, but the frequency of green plants regenerated increased an average of fourfold for two cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1992.tb00175.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agronomic Performance of Wheat Doubled-Haploid Lines Derived from Cultivars by Anther Culture (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 103 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To determine the level of gametoclonal variation among doubled-haploid lines (DHLs) of Triticum aestivum L. developed using anther culture techniques and its effect on agronomic performance, 70 anther culture-derived DHLs of ‘Kitt’ were compared for 7 agronomic traits to 50 single-seed descent-derived lines (SSDLs) of ‘Kitt’ and to the cultivar ‘Kitt’. In a second experiment, 26 DHLs of ‘Chris’ were compared for 7 agronomic traits to 29 SSDLs of ‘Chris’ and to the cultivar ‘Chris’. Each experiment was grown as a randomized complete block design with three replications in three environments. For ‘Kitt’, the DHLs averaged significantly lower grain yields than the comparable SSDLs. For ‘Chris’, the DHLs averaged lower, but not significantly lower, grain yield than the SSDLs. In both ‘Kitt’ and ‘Chris’, the genetic component of variance for yield of the DHLs was significantly larger than that of the SSDLs indicating the presence of gametoclonal variation. The lower average grain yield of the DHLs was explained by a larger group of low-yielding DHLs than was present in the SSDLs. Six ‘Kitt’ DHLs and 3 ‘Chris’ DHLs were lower yielding than the lowest yielding SSDL, respectively. Elite DHLs and SSDLs were similar for mean grain yield performance. Though the DHLs and SSDLs were significantly different for some yield components, the affected yield component changed with the cultivar and there was no consistent effect. Significant genotype × environment interactions were detected for some traits which were caused by changes in the magnitude of differences, rather than reversals in ranking, indicating that low yielding DHLs could be culled on the basis of visual selection or single-environment testing. Hence, gametoclonal variation was induced by the anther culture techniques used in this study, tended to be deleterious for grain yield, and was sensitive to the growing environment. However, as the DHLs and SSDLs had similar expected population means based upon expected gains from selection, this gametoclonal variation should not be a major hindrance to wheat breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00357.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Sugars in Wheat Anther Culture Media (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 112 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Sugars are critical components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) anther culture media for successful somatic embryo initiation and plant regeneration. In this experiment, anthers from three wheat genotypes were cultured on a modified Liang's 85D12 initiation medium with seven sugar combinations (I-sugars: galactose, mannose, maltose, fructose, sucrose, glucose, maltose + glucose) at 0.26 M, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 mg/L), 1-naphthalene acetic acid (1 mg/L), and glutamine (254 mg/L). Wheat starch (5 % W/V), a potential source of sugars, was used as the medium gelling agent. No previous research has studied the effect of different sugars with wheat starch. A split-plot experimental design with 42 replications was used with genotypes as whole plots and sugar combinations as subplots. Galactose and mannose did not support embryoid initiation and were dropped from the analysis. Averaged over the three genotypes, maltose was the best sugar (105 embryoids/100 anthers), followed by glucose (47 embryoids/100 anthers) and maltose + glucose (37 embryoids/100 anthers). These three sugar combinations were superior to the standard medium sugar, sucrose (24 embryoids/100 anthers), and to fructose (12 embryoids/100 anthers). The embryoids were divided into two groups for plant regeneration. The first group was transferred to regeneration medium (Liang 85D12 salts, sugars at 0.06 M, and wheat starch at 7 % w/v as gelling agent) with the same sugar (R-sugar) used as in initiation. The second group was transferred to regeneration media with sucrose. I+R-maltose (0.55)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb01276.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    End-Use Quality Performance and Stability of 1A vs. 1AL.1RS Genotypes Derived from Winter Wheat 'Nakota' (1999)
    Springer
    Crop science 39 (1999), S. 649-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) have been associated with an increase in grain yield and a decrease in end-use quality in hard red winter wheat. Although demonstrated with a 1BL.1RS translocation, less information is available regarding the effect of 1AL.1RS translocations. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of 1AL.1RS translocation in hard red winter wheat on end-use quality traits and their stability across environments. From the heterogeneous 1AL.1RS wheat cultivar Nekota, 18 homogeneous 1A lines (non-1RS), 16 1AL.1RS lines, four composites (1A, 1AL.1RS, 1AL.1RS + 1A, and Nekota), and six cultivars were tested in eight Nebraska environments. The 1AL.1RS translocation increased flour protein content (5.5 mg g-1), but decreased flour yield (14.2 g kg-1), Mixograph mixing time (from 2.9-2.7 min), and Mixograph mixing tolerance rating (from 3.5-3.1). Despite higher flour protein content in 1AL.1RS lines, the 1AL.1RS translocation did not enhance other end-use quality traits. On the basis of linear regression, the 1A and 1AL.1RS lines had similar stability values for flour yield in all environments, while the 1AL.1RS lines had higher flour protein content in all environments. For Mixograph mixing time and mixing tolerance, the 1A lines were more responsive to the environment, while the 1AL.1RS lines had exceptional stability over all environments. The end-use quality of Nekota can be explained by a mixture of 1A lines with acceptable to good quality and 1AL.1RS lines with poor to acceptable quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agronomic Performance and Stability of 1A vs. 1AL.1RS Genotypes Derived from Winter Wheat 'Nekota' (1999)
    Springer
    Crop science 39 (1999), S. 643-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Secale cereale L.) chromosome one (1RS) has been associated with an increase in grain yield in hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This positive effect has been demonstrated when the 1RS arm is present in the 1BL.1RS translocation. However, little information is available regarding the 1AL.1RS translocation of yield and yield components and their stability across environments. Eighteen homogeneous 1A lines (non-1RS) and 16 1AL.1RS lines were randomly derived from the heterogeneous cultivar Nekota. These 34 line, four composites (1A, 1AL.1RS, 1AL.1RS = 1A, and Nekota), along with six check cultivars were grown in eight Nebraska environments. The 1AL.1RS translocation in the Nekota background increased kernel weight (3.3%) and grain volume weight (0.4%); had no effect of grain yield, kernels per spike, and anthesis date; and decreased plant height (1.2%) and number of spikes per square meter (2.9%). The 1A lines and 1AL.1RS lines were equally stable for grain yield, kernels per spike, spikes per square meter, and plant height. For kernel weight, the 1A lines were more responsive and tended to have heavier kernels under favorable environments, while the 1AL.1RS lines had heavier kernels under lower yielding environments. For grain volume weight, the 1A lines were more responsive than the 1AL.1RS lines, which had heavier grain volume weight under lower yielding environments. Hence, the 1AL.1RS translocation in Nekota was not beneficial for either agronomic performance or stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Traits Controlled by Wheat Chromosome 3A (1999)
    Springer
    Crop science 39 (1999), S. 1016-1021 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Cheyenne (CNN) and Wichita (WI) identified genes on chromosome 3A of WI which affect grain yield, yield components, grain volume weight, plant height, and anthesis date. This study was conducted to determine if the trait variation caused by chromosome 3A could be explained by major or minor gene segregation and if these genes are pleiotropic, linked, or independent on the chromosome. A population of recombinant inbred chromosome lines for chromosome 3A (RICLs-3A), developed between CNN and a chromosome substitution line CNN (WI3A), was evaluated in multi-location field trials in 3 yr. Our results indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between parental lines and among RICLs for grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, plant height, and anthesis date, but not for kernel number per spike, spike number per square meter, and grain volume weight. A 1∝1 genetic ratio for anthesis date suggested the presence of a single segregating locus controlling the trait. None of the other agronomic traits could be separated into unequivocal groups and hence, major genes were not detected. This indicates that the traits were controlled either by several genes or few genes with enough environmental influence, or both, to obscure their effects. Significant correlations and possible crossover products between anthesis date, plant height, and 1000-kernel weight suggest that these traits were controlled either by linked gene(s) or by pleiotropic genes with additional genes affecting one of the traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of interactions of culture environment with genotype on wheat (Triticum aestivum) anther culture response (1990)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 8 (1990), S. 525-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The interactions of genotype and several variables related to culture environment, including temperature pretreatment, conditioned medium and agar concentrations were examined in a series of experiments for their effects on percent anthers producing callus and number of embryoids produced per 100 anthers scored. Significant genotypic interaction was observed for both traits with all environmental variables except methods of medium conditioning. Such interactions involve both changes of response magnitude and changes of rank order of genotypes. The highest response frequencies observed were in excess of 30% of anthers callusing. Most lines examined responded relatively well to a culture regime utilizing a 4°C treatment for 7–14 d prior to anther excision, followed by float culture, without transfer and without preconditioning of the culture medium. The results indicate, however, that particular genotypes may have specific requirements with respect to various environmental conditions so that culture conditions may need to be adjusted, especially for the least responsive genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00820201
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production, morphology, and cytogenetic analysis of Elymus caninus (Agropyron caninum) x Triticum aestivum F1 hybrids and backcross-1 derivatives (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1986), S. 750-756 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Agropyron caninum ; Elymus caninus ; Intergeneric hybrids ; Chromosome pairing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Intergeneric hybrids were produced between common wheat, Triticum aestivum (2n=6x=42, AABBDD) and wheatgrass, Etymus caninus (Agropyron caninum) (2n=4x=28, SSHH) — the first successful report of this cross. Reciprocal crosses and genotypes differed for percent seed set, seed development and F1 hybrid plant production. With E. caninus as the pollen parent, there was no hybrid seed set. In the reciprocal cross, seed set was 23.1–25.4% depending upon wheat genotype used. Hybrid plants were produced only by rescuing embryos 12–13 days post pollination with cv ‘Chinese Spring’ as the wheat parent. Kinetin in the medium facilitated embryo germination but inhibited root development and seedling growth. The hybrids were vigorous, self sterile, and intermediate between parents. These had expected chromosome number (2n=5x=35, ABDSH), very little chromosome pairing (0.51 II, 0.04 III) and some secondary associations. The hybrids were successfully backcrossed with wheat. Chromosome number in the BC1 derivatives varied 54–58 with 56 as the modal class. The BC1 derivatives showed unusually high number of rod bivalents or reduced pairing of wheat homologues. These were sterile and BC2 seed was produced using wheat pollen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263274
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anther culture of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) F1's and their reciprocal crosses (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 62 (1982), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Polyhaploids ; Microspore ; Erysiphe graminis tritici ; in vitro androgenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Anthers from three sets of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) F1's and their reciprocal crosses, made between parental lines differing greatly in their ability to produce microspore derived callus, were cultured on the Chinese potato medium so that we could 1) more clearly define the role of nuclear or cytoplasmic factors within T. aestivum in transferring the ability to undergo in vitro androgenesis, and 2) to briefly review the gametic representation and disease screening potential of the resulting polyhaploid wheat plants. The microspore derived calli values from F1's were slightly less than the midparental value. Statistical analysis indicated that the ability of each F1 to produce callus either did not significantly differ from that of the respective parental line having the highest androgenic yield or it exceeded its respective parental line having the lowest yield. No differences were noted between the members of each pair of reciprocal crosses. The results indicate that the transfer of in vitro androgenic ability to F1 hybrids is not dependent upon the maternal cytoplasm source. Polyhaploid plants, carrying the Pm 3 a powdery mildew resistance gene, expressed resistance to culture 4 a of powdery mildew.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293350
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